maifeeulasad/askubuntu-data · Datasets at Hugging Face

1

2

2010-07-28T19:04:21.300

62

4556

Every time I turn on my computer, I see a message saying something like: <pre><code>Your battery may be old or broken. </code></pre> I am already aware that my battery is bad. How do I suppress this message?

5

208574

2014-12-16T01:47:45.980

2018-10-05T23:56:48.997

How to get the "Your battery is broken" message to go away?

[ "power-management", "notification" ]

4

2

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2014-07-23T23:41:20.873", "id": "673877", "postId": "1", "score": "23", "text": "Wow. This is question #1. http://askubuntu.com/questions/1", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "266012" }, { "creationDate": "2019-02-02T13:03:02.317", "id": "1841146", "postId": "1", "score": "0", "text": "Private beta on that day perhaps", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "772394" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Maybe <a href=\"http://linux.aldeby.org/get-rid-of-your-battery-may-be-broken-notification.html\">these</a> instructions will help you to get rid of that message.\n\nAdded instructions from the link, <kbd>Alt</kbd>+<kbd>F2</kbd>, then type in <code>gconf-editor</code>. \n\nNavigate to <code>/apps/gnome-power-manager/notify/low_capacity</code> and untick the value.\n\nOr a single command:\n\n<pre><code>gconftool --set /apps/gnome-power-manager/notify/low_capacity --type boolean false\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:15:30.357", "id": "2", "lastActivityDate": "2012-07-30T13:51:42.147", "lastEditDate": "2012-07-30T13:51:42.147", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "235", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "4", "parentId": "1", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "41" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "Maybe <a href=\"http://linux.aldeby.org/get-rid-of-your-battery-may-be-broken-notification.html\">these</a> instructions will help you to get rid of that message.\n\nAdded instructions from the link, <kbd>Alt</kbd>+<kbd>F2</kbd>, then type in <code>gconf-editor</code>. \n\nNavigate to <code>/apps/gnome-power-manager/notify/low_capacity</code> and untick the value.\n\nOr a single command:\n\n<pre><code>gconftool --set /apps/gnome-power-manager/notify/low_capacity --type boolean false\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:15:30.357", "id": "2", "lastActivityDate": "2012-07-30T13:51:42.147", "lastEditDate": "2012-07-30T13:51:42.147", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "235", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "4", "parentId": "1", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "41" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "This worked for me:\n\nIf you have a machine with Windows as a dual-boot option, you can boot to Windows and let the battery recharge here. When the battery has recharged for a while, you can boot to Ubuntu and let it do the rest.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2017-08-24T09:04:16.553", "id": "1511159", "postId": "204043", "score": "0", "text": "The message mean the maximum power of the battery is lower then specified by manufacturer. Probably because it is too old. Recharging cannot help.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "154848" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-10-21T10:45:24.437", "id": "204043", "lastActivityDate": "2012-10-21T10:45:24.437", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "99478", "parentId": "1", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "In Ubuntu mate, gconf editor is not installed by default and installing it will not help.\n\nInstead, you should use dconf editor. \nYou will need to navigate to <code>/org/mate/power-manager</code> and then untick <code>notify-low-capacity</code>.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2015-07-05T18:37:20.607", "id": "644827", "lastActivityDate": "2015-09-03T14:41:13.090", "lastEditDate": "2015-09-03T14:41:13.090", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "338915", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "252749", "parentId": "1", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I run this:\n\n<pre><code>gconftool --set /org/mate/power-manager/notify-low-power --type boolean false\ngconftool --set /org/mate/power-manager/notify-low-capacity --type boolean false\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2016-08-15T16:54:53.067", "id": "812601", "lastActivityDate": "2016-08-15T16:54:53.067", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "489654", "parentId": "1", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" } ]

null

3

1

258

2010-07-28T19:21:50.653

51

15799

How can I set the Software Center to allow non-root users to install stuff from the Ubuntu repos without having to type in their password? I'm fully aware of the security implications, and I am willing to take the risk. Fedora 12 shipped with something like this. (By modifying the PolicyKit configuration, I believe)

35

10581

2014-02-18T13:33:55.917

2019-11-30T09:19:09.707

How can I set the Software Center to install software for non-root users?

[ "software-center", "software-installation", "policykit" ]

5

3

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T23:34:37.677", "id": "163", "postId": "3", "score": "5", "text": "It's important to note that Fedora also backed it out after the sky fell down on them.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "57" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T11:53:16.103", "id": "279", "postId": "3", "score": "0", "text": "Yeah, I remember that. It really only makes sense on Desktop computers with only one or two users.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "35" }, { "creationDate": "2019-03-07T15:31:18.463", "id": "1859157", "postId": "3", "score": "0", "text": "Bear in mind some app-market software like Software Center allows to change system repositories. A self-service of packages is risky, but users adding untrusted package sources is really dangerous.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "92619" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "You can modify the PolicyKit permissions to allow the users to access the aptdaemon backend that Software Centre uses.\n\n<code>dpkg --listfiles aptdaemon</code> shows that <code>/usr/share/polkit-1/actions/org.debian.apt.policy</code> is the file specifying the actions possible on the aptdaemon backend. \n\nLooking in that file, the <code>< action id=\"\"></code> tags specify the possible actions. You'd probably want <code>org.debian.apt.install-packages</code> to allow users to install new packages from the archive, and <code>org.debian.apt.update-cache</code> to allow users to update the package lists.\n\nSee <code>man pklocalauthority</code> which documents how to set local permissions on PolicyKit actions. Putting the following into <code>/etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/10-allow-users-to-install.pkla</code> will allow any user logged in to the local machine to install packages after typing their own password (even when they're not in the admin group) and to update the package cache without typing any password.\n\n<pre><code>[Untrusted Install]\nAction=org.debian.apt.install-or-remove-packages\nResultyAny=no\nResultInactive=no\nResultActive=auth_self\n\n[Untrusted Update]\nAction=org.debian.apt.update-cache\nResultAny=no\nResultInactive=no\nResultActive=yes\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-11-13T12:55:00.797", "id": "88837", "postId": "258", "score": "0", "text": "Kubuntu's policies (at least in Natty and Oneiric) are in `/usr/share/polkit-1/actions/org.kubuntu.qaptworker.policy`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "6969" }, { "creationDate": "2011-11-13T13:49:55.057", "id": "88846", "postId": "258", "score": "0", "text": "Instructions for Kubuntu can be found in [my answer](http://askubuntu.com/q/3/6969#78806)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "6969" }, { "creationDate": "2015-09-10T16:17:01.687", "id": "972481", "postId": "258", "score": "0", "text": "Life saver - cheers mate! I had to add `Identity=*` to get this to work, adapted from http://askubuntu.com/a/123260. Also, is there any way to get more policy kit log output in e.g. `/var/log/auth.log` (or any other log files) ? I only get `authentication fails` messages, but no reason why it failed...", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "21588" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T02:37:39.900", "id": "258", "lastActivityDate": "2017-07-29T07:13:03.333", "lastEditDate": "2017-07-29T07:13:03.333", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "527764", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "188", "parentId": "3", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "37" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "I don't think it's currently possible to do so via the GUI, but the following should work, albeit be a little kludgy. YMMV. \n\nAdd the following line to /etc/sudoers (use <code>sudo visudo</code> to edit the file):\n\n<pre><code>%packageinstallers ALL = NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/software-center /usr/bin/apt-get\n</code></pre>\n\nThen you just need to create and add the specific users to the <code>packageinstallers</code> group:\n\n<pre><code>$ sudo addgroup packageinstallers\n$ sudo adduser jdoe packageinstallers\n</code></pre>\n\nNow <code>jdoe</code> can do the following:\n\n<pre><code>$ sudo apt-get install <some-package>\n</code></pre>\n\nand you can edit the desktop menu item for the Software Center so that it call on <code>software-center</code> prepending the command with <code>gksudo</code>. \n\n<a href=\"http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/PolicyKit\">PolicyKit</a> may allow you to do so without sudo, but it's beyond my understanding at this point. \n", "commentCount": "5", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:55:17.953", "id": "48", "postId": "52", "score": "0", "text": "Does this let them install from Synaptic or aptitude, or just apt-get?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "35" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:01:07.953", "id": "58", "postId": "52", "score": "0", "text": "If you were to add \"/usr/bin/synaptic\" to the list, it would. In fact, you could probably add \"/usr/bin/software-center\" to the list and it'd work. Haven't tested that though, let me know if it works and I'll update the answer.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "66" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:09:36.607", "id": "68", "postId": "52", "score": "0", "text": "I'll try that. :)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "35" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T02:24:39.823", "id": "190", "postId": "52", "score": "0", "text": "That would require that the users know to run software-centre with sudo, or for you to modify the .desktop file.\n\nSee my answer on how to tweak PolicyKit to do what you want.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "188" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T02:32:25.047", "id": "192", "postId": "52", "score": "0", "text": "Agreed, that'd be a superior solution.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "66" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:45:23.653", "id": "52", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:04:42.780", "lastEditDate": "2010-07-28T20:04:42.780", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "66", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "66", "parentId": "3", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "11" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "You can modify the PolicyKit permissions to allow the users to access the aptdaemon backend that Software Centre uses.\n\n<code>dpkg --listfiles aptdaemon</code> shows that <code>/usr/share/polkit-1/actions/org.debian.apt.policy</code> is the file specifying the actions possible on the aptdaemon backend. \n\nLooking in that file, the <code>< action id=\"\"></code> tags specify the possible actions. You'd probably want <code>org.debian.apt.install-packages</code> to allow users to install new packages from the archive, and <code>org.debian.apt.update-cache</code> to allow users to update the package lists.\n\nSee <code>man pklocalauthority</code> which documents how to set local permissions on PolicyKit actions. Putting the following into <code>/etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/10-allow-users-to-install.pkla</code> will allow any user logged in to the local machine to install packages after typing their own password (even when they're not in the admin group) and to update the package cache without typing any password.\n\n<pre><code>[Untrusted Install]\nAction=org.debian.apt.install-or-remove-packages\nResultyAny=no\nResultInactive=no\nResultActive=auth_self\n\n[Untrusted Update]\nAction=org.debian.apt.update-cache\nResultAny=no\nResultInactive=no\nResultActive=yes\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-11-13T12:55:00.797", "id": "88837", "postId": "258", "score": "0", "text": "Kubuntu's policies (at least in Natty and Oneiric) are in `/usr/share/polkit-1/actions/org.kubuntu.qaptworker.policy`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "6969" }, { "creationDate": "2011-11-13T13:49:55.057", "id": "88846", "postId": "258", "score": "0", "text": "Instructions for Kubuntu can be found in [my answer](http://askubuntu.com/q/3/6969#78806)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "6969" }, { "creationDate": "2015-09-10T16:17:01.687", "id": "972481", "postId": "258", "score": "0", "text": "Life saver - cheers mate! I had to add `Identity=*` to get this to work, adapted from http://askubuntu.com/a/123260. Also, is there any way to get more policy kit log output in e.g. `/var/log/auth.log` (or any other log files) ? I only get `authentication fails` messages, but no reason why it failed...", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "21588" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T02:37:39.900", "id": "258", "lastActivityDate": "2017-07-29T07:13:03.333", "lastEditDate": "2017-07-29T07:13:03.333", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "527764", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "188", "parentId": "3", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "37" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/q/258/6969\">RAOF's answer</a> applies to Ubuntu only. Kubuntu uses QAptWorker as backend (observed for Natty and Oneiric). To allow for non-root installations, create <code>/etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/10-allow-non-root-install-packages.pkla</code> containing:\n\n<pre><code>[Update Software Sources]\nAction=org.kubuntu.qaptworker.updateCache\nResultAny=no\nResultInactive=no\nResultActive=yes\n\n[Install Software]\nAction=org.kubuntu.qaptworker.commitChanges\nResultAny=no\nResultInactive=no\nResultActive=auth_self\n</code></pre>\n\nI wanted to allow some non-admin users to install software while not granting sudo access directly. That was accomplished by inserting the next lines in both configuration groups:\n\n<pre><code>Identity=unix-user:some-non-admin-user\n</code></pre>\n\nIf there is a group that must be granted permission, use <code>unix-group</code> instead of <code>unix-user</code>.\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-11-13T21:47:12.553", "id": "89030", "postId": "78806", "score": "0", "text": "To re-apply the rules, I rebooted. (a re-login would probably work too)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "6969" }, { "creationDate": "2018-01-19T20:41:13.133", "id": "1612102", "postId": "78806", "score": "0", "text": "How are you supposed to do this? Even after `sudo -i` I don't even have access to `/etc/polkit-1/localauthority` (Ubuntu 17.10): \"Will not attempt to process directory /etc/polkit-1/localauthority\"", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "753769" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-11-13T13:48:58.663", "id": "78806", "lastActivityDate": "2011-11-13T13:48:58.663", "lastEditDate": "2017-04-13T12:23:56.057", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "6969", "parentId": "3", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "If you only need a generic permission to allow/disallow package installation, go for PolicyKit.\n\nUnfortunately PolicyKit doesn't have fine control over the package to install. If you want to give your users permission to install only a restricted set of applications, you should use <code>sudo</code> and install something like softwarechannels...\n\nI also looked for something like that, but since I didn't find anything, I coded this easy solution \"softwarechannels\", <a href=\"https://github.com/alfem/softwarechannels\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">available here on GitHub</a>\n\nIt is a very simple system to allow common (non-admin) users to install packages from restricted catalogs.\n\nJust define 'channels' (groups of packages) in a simple text file and give your users permissions to launch softwarechannels.\n\nThey will only see packages in channels matching their unix groups.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2013-02-20T10:44:02.647", "id": "258691", "lastActivityDate": "2017-07-29T07:15:30.567", "lastEditDate": "2017-07-29T07:15:30.567", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "527764", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "92619", "parentId": "3", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "To make this working in my Ubuntu 18.04, I had to change the /etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/10-allow-users-to-install.pkla file to:\n\n<pre><code>[Untrusted Install]\n#Action=org.debian.apt.install-or-remove-packages\nAction=org.freedesktop.packagekit.package-*\nResultyAny=no\nResultInactive=no\nResultActive=auth_self\nIdentity=*\n\n[Untrusted Update]\nAction=org.debian.apt.update-cache\nResultAny=no\nResultInactive=no\nResultActive=yes\nIdentity=*\n\n[Admin Install]\n#Action=org.debian.apt.install-or-remove-packages\nAction=org.freedesktop.packagekit.package-*\nResultyAny=no\nResultInactive=no\nResultActive=yes\nIdentity=unix-group:adm\n</code></pre>\n\nMoreover with the last rule I enable everybody in the adm group to install/remove without any password.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2019-11-30T09:19:09.707", "id": "1192680", "lastActivityDate": "2019-11-30T09:19:09.707", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "679950", "parentId": "3", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" } ]

null

5

1

null

2010-07-28T19:23:40.273

23

717

What are some alternatives to upgrading without using the standard upgrade system? Suppose for example that I wanted to upgrade an Ubuntu installation on a machine with a poor Internet connection. What would my options be? Could I just use a standard Ubuntu disk to upgrade this machine? If I already have a standard Ubuntu disk and want to use that, could I do a clean install without wiping data?

10

10581

2014-02-18T13:34:25.793

What are some alternatives to upgrading without using the standard upgrade system?

[ "upgrade", "live-cd", "system-installation" ]

2

1

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:30:37.573", "id": "673238", "postId": "5", "score": "0", "text": "You can use the alternative disk to upgrade a system offline. There are good instructions on how to do this in the [ubuntu community documentation](https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LucidUpgrades)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "42" } ]

null

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "You can use the alternative CD (instead of Ubuntu Desktop, Kubuntu Desktop, Server CD) which allows you to upgrade from CD.\n", "commentCount": "5", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:38:39.723", "id": "15", "postId": "18", "score": "0", "text": "but popping in a live cd I already have isn't going to work huh?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "10" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:41:28.907", "id": "22", "postId": "18", "score": "0", "text": "@DLH apparently not... :(", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "63" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:53:04.290", "id": "46", "postId": "18", "score": "0", "text": "no the live CD does not work. You need to use the alternative CD", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-08T06:09:42.137", "id": "1509", "postId": "18", "score": "1", "text": "There's a good reason for that. You know by now that the LiveCD can install in 20 mins or less. It essentially has an Ubuntu installation on the CD and just copies files (minus the installer) from the CD onto the hard-drive after dealing with the partitions and gives you Ubuntu. The Alternate CD actually has the packages that are required and the package manage can upgrade all the packages and give you the new version of Ubuntu.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "203" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-09T00:14:58.240", "id": "1583", "postId": "18", "score": "0", "text": "The livecd installed actually copies the installer itself too, only to subsequently remove it with dpkg :)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "945" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:30:41.707", "id": "18", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T19:30:41.707", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "4", "parentId": "5", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "7" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "You can do an installation of a newer version of Ubuntu over top of an existing installation. You'll lose all of your (non-local [1]) system files and applications, but it will preserve everything in /home.\n\nSelect the advanced partitioning option from the menu of either the desktop CD installer or the alternate CD installer. Set the mountpoint of your existing root partition to / and make sure the format box is not checked. Repeat these steps for your home partition, if you have one.\n\n1: Where local system directories would be /usr/src, /usr/local, and /var/local\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:05:06.617", "id": "62", "postId": "77", "score": "0", "text": "hmm that would be nice, because then it would keep most of my configuration as well.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "10" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:17:41.533", "id": "77", "postId": "77", "score": "1", "text": "Just to be clear, it will wipe /etc. So while you get to keep all your configuration data in /home, you'll lose system-wide configuration.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "46" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:01:02.150", "id": "77", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:01:02.150", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "46", "parentId": "5", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" } ]

null

6

1

12

2010-07-28T19:23:41.227

44

31936

I have a ubuntu development server at work. It is an old rack server that is located somewhere in the company's dungeon, where nobody ever goes. The only way it can work is as a so-called headless server (i.e. with no monitor/keyboard connected and only accepting network connections). Obviously, if you just need terminal access ssh is more than enough. I, however, would also like to connect to the graphical interface from time to time. At the moment I am using the built in VNC functionality but I am pretty sure this is neither the most efficient nor the most secure way of approaching this issue. I have done a bit of research on the issue but failed to come to any definite conclusions. I read about trying to forward the X environment over ssh, which would at least solve my security concerns. Can anyone share their experiences in setting this up? Is there any other way that might be worth looking at? I almost exclusively connect to this server from a Windows machine. I don't know if that might be a problem for some of the methods suggested.

27

424958

2017-12-10T23:38:29.603

2018-07-23T14:20:08.313

How to graphically interface with a headless server?

[ "server", "ssh", "security", "remote-desktop", "vnc" ]

9

0

CC BY-SA 3.0

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Yes, X forwarding over ssh is a beautiful thing indeed. It allows you to use graphical applications on an app by app basis and have windows handled by your own desktop environment. You do not even need a desktop environment installed on the server.\n\nYou do need to set up some authentication things for it to work though. I believe you need xauth for that.\n\nIt's SO much faster than VNC as well. VNC was always rather laggy in my experience.\n\nEdit:\nI have no experience using this method via Windows, but I found <a href=\"http://www.math.umn.edu/systems_guide/putty_xwin32.html\">this tutorial</a> for you if you're interested.\n", "commentCount": "5", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:46:14.027", "id": "31", "postId": "12", "score": "2", "text": "\"ssh -X <server> <program>\" should set up everything (I've never needed to touch xauth myself, though it does need to be installed in order for the -X option on ssh to work).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "96" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:48:23.257", "id": "33", "postId": "12", "score": "0", "text": "@Suppressingfire: Oh thanks. I guess I should have included the command myself.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "10" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:53:14.973", "id": "103", "postId": "12", "score": "2", "text": "Yes, X forwarding works with windows. I have used it with [Cygwin/X](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cygwin/X), on Windows XP. Not the fastest or prettiest, but does work.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "122" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-07T09:55:42.813", "id": "1427", "postId": "12", "score": "0", "text": "ssh X11 forwarding also limits what services you have to enable on your server! I suspect most servers have ssh anyways. Enabling remote X11 (XDMCP) isn't really known for being secure.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "455" }, { "creationDate": "2016-02-23T04:42:06.873", "id": "1096640", "postId": "12", "score": "1", "text": "the tutorial link is now broken, mind someone who can update it?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "104442" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:27:32.073", "id": "12", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:08:33.083", "lastEditDate": "2010-07-28T20:08:33.083", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "10", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "10", "parentId": "6", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "22" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "You could use <a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/community/FreeNX\">freenx</a> instead of vnc. Freenx transmits x-commands (with caching) instead of bitmaps.\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:56:14.113", "id": "50", "postId": "10", "score": "0", "text": "Can I use it on a Windows machine?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "27" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T22:26:06.243", "id": "142", "postId": "10", "score": "2", "text": "I believe you can download the NoMachine NX client for Windows and that it works with FreeNX- though I could be wrong.\nhttp://www.nomachine.com/download.php", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "165" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:26:53.573", "id": "10", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T19:26:53.573", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "4", "parentId": "6", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "12" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "Yes, X forwarding over ssh is a beautiful thing indeed. It allows you to use graphical applications on an app by app basis and have windows handled by your own desktop environment. You do not even need a desktop environment installed on the server.\n\nYou do need to set up some authentication things for it to work though. I believe you need xauth for that.\n\nIt's SO much faster than VNC as well. VNC was always rather laggy in my experience.\n\nEdit:\nI have no experience using this method via Windows, but I found <a href=\"http://www.math.umn.edu/systems_guide/putty_xwin32.html\">this tutorial</a> for you if you're interested.\n", "commentCount": "5", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:46:14.027", "id": "31", "postId": "12", "score": "2", "text": "\"ssh -X <server> <program>\" should set up everything (I've never needed to touch xauth myself, though it does need to be installed in order for the -X option on ssh to work).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "96" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:48:23.257", "id": "33", "postId": "12", "score": "0", "text": "@Suppressingfire: Oh thanks. I guess I should have included the command myself.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "10" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:53:14.973", "id": "103", "postId": "12", "score": "2", "text": "Yes, X forwarding works with windows. I have used it with [Cygwin/X](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cygwin/X), on Windows XP. Not the fastest or prettiest, but does work.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "122" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-07T09:55:42.813", "id": "1427", "postId": "12", "score": "0", "text": "ssh X11 forwarding also limits what services you have to enable on your server! I suspect most servers have ssh anyways. Enabling remote X11 (XDMCP) isn't really known for being secure.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "455" }, { "creationDate": "2016-02-23T04:42:06.873", "id": "1096640", "postId": "12", "score": "1", "text": "the tutorial link is now broken, mind someone who can update it?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "104442" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:27:32.073", "id": "12", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:08:33.083", "lastEditDate": "2010-07-28T20:08:33.083", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "10", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "10", "parentId": "6", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "22" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "While inherently insecure, you could use <a href=\"http://tldp.org/HOWTO/XDMCP-HOWTO/\" rel=\"nofollow\">XDMCP</a> over a local network. I use it frequently to access virtual machines. Its just like logging on to your desktop, except you chose the remote server.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:31:55.090", "id": "22", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T19:31:55.090", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "50", "parentId": "6", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I use <a href=\"http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/\" rel=\"nofollow\">x11vnc</a>, which works very well for me. It lets you keep a persistent graphical session between connections, so you can disconnect and reconnect and everything will be just the way you left it. It also supports tunneling over SSH. See <a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/community/VNC/Servers#x11vnc\" rel=\"nofollow\">these Ubuntu community docs</a> for a short description and some instructions on setting it up.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:42:13.567", "id": "48", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T19:51:19.567", "lastEditDate": "2010-07-28T19:51:19.567", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "86", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "86", "parentId": "6", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xming\">Xming</a> and <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XDMCP\">XDMCP</a> is a brillant option.\n\nEdit:\n\nXming is a x-server for windows, which is based on Cygwin and has the ability to share the clipboard and implements different desktop layouts as well.\n\nXDMCP is a simple and - important - unencrypted protocol (don't use it over the internet) to connect a X-displaymanager and a x-server.\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-30T06:23:52.720", "id": "415", "postId": "91", "score": "0", "text": "You probably should edit the answer to include a bit more details on why and how this works. Knowing what Xming and XDCMP mean this is the best choice.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "42" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-31T09:05:19.420", "id": "514", "postId": "91", "score": "0", "text": "I will do that.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "116" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:08:28.013", "id": "91", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-31T09:10:50.107", "lastEditDate": "2010-07-31T09:10:50.107", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "116", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "116", "parentId": "6", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "10" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Also consider <a href=\"http://code.google.com/p/partiwm/wiki/xpra\" rel=\"nofollow\">xpra</a>, which allows you to detach to an running session from somewhere else, like \"screen for X\".\n\nThere's also <a href=\"http://shifter.devloop.org.uk/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Window Shifter</a>, a front end for xpra, which should work also for Windows, see the <a href=\"http://shifter.devloop.org.uk/flash.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">demo</a>.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-08-05T23:26:26.607", "id": "1184", "postId": "586", "score": "1", "text": "This looks interesting.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "289" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-31T19:03:29.317", "id": "586", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-31T19:03:29.317", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "169", "parentId": "6", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I don't know about the \"best\" way, I guess YMMV, but here's a fairly comprehensive overview of tools at your disposal: <a href=\"http://www.mynitor.com/2010/02/07/15-remote-desktop-solutions-for-linux/\" rel=\"noreferrer\">http://www.mynitor.com/2010/02/07/15-remote-desktop-solutions-for-linux/</a>\n\nI particular here's my experience: \n\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"http://nomachine.com/\" rel=\"noreferrer\">nomachine nx</a> - Impressive speed. In its native mode it feels like you're in front of the console. It supports starting new sessions as well as shadowing the console (but shadowing is slower). It supports detaching and attaching to sessions. Clipboard sharing only worked one way for me and I wasn't able to fix it. nomachine offers free server and client packages with some licensing restrictions. \n<a href=\"http://freenx.berlios.de/\" rel=\"noreferrer\">FreeNX</a> is built on the nomachine nx libraries </li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.x2go.org/\" rel=\"noreferrer\">x2go</a> - Impressed with this also especially sound redirection but I didn't use it for as long as nomachine nx because I found out about it later.</li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/\" rel=\"noreferrer\">x11vnc</a> - Great vnc server that is able to attach to the console session. Used it in conjunction with nomachine nx. I'm not sure if it can be run in headless mode but I'm listing it in case it can, because for me it was the fastest vnc server around.</li>\n<li><a href=\"http://xrdp.sourceforge.net/\" rel=\"noreferrer\">xrdp</a> - Looked promising but it looks to be unmaintained. The OpenSuse nomad solution is based on xrdp and I hear nomad is the best remote desktop experience you can get on linux.</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.teamviewer.com/index.aspx\" rel=\"noreferrer\">teamviewer</a> - The linux version is still beta, runs under wine and consumes some CPU but I used it a lot quite recently and I was pleased with it. Not sure if it works on a headless server.</li>\n</ol>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-06T00:00:44.367", "id": "1292", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-06T00:00:44.367", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "289", "parentId": "6", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "8" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I have successfully used freenx on Ubuntu using the Windows client from <a href=\"http://nomachine.com\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://nomachine.com</a>.\n\nFor me this was to allow me to use an old tablet PC (that struggled even with a clean install of Windows XP) as a front end into a more powerful Ubuntu desktop machine.\n\nThe only issue I had was that you needed to turn the \"Visual Effects\" to none to get decent performance.\n\nI was going to comment on txwikinger's answer suggesting nxserver, but I don't have enough reputation.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-10-23T19:23:29.897", "id": "9099", "lastActivityDate": "2010-10-23T19:23:29.897", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "2194", "parentId": "6", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Setting up for remote X access can be daunting, and involves multiple steps.\n\nI use x2go, which is load-and-go, and exceptionally easy to use. It gives you a full desktop, just as if you had connected a new screen and keyboard to your server. It has full X functionality.\n\nx2go is NOT a \"remote desktop\" solution. You get a completely new session. However, you can disconnect and reconnect from the same or different machine with the x2go client; your desktop is persistent. Best of all, the desktop on your client machine is completely scale-able in real-time simply by resizing the window.\n\nx2go uses ssh for transport, so your data is encrypted. This simplifies traversing firewalls. Speed doesn't feel impacted by the use of ssh for transport.\n\nx2go client software is available for Linux and Windows, and Mac.\n\nVery nice free and open source software. I use it every day.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2017-08-04T15:07:43.233", "id": "943059", "lastActivityDate": "2017-08-04T15:07:43.233", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "666320", "parentId": "6", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" } ]

null

7

1

3764

2010-07-28T19:24:22.550

27

1910

I'm taking my be-stickered laptop to a coffee shop tonight for an Ubuntu Hour. I've let a bunch of local LUG people know about it. How can I ensure people come away from it feeling like the experience was valuable? Is there something you've done that was particularly successful? There is a <a href="http://wiki.ubuntu.com/Hour">wiki page</a> about Ubuntu Hours which is very helpful. I'm interested in collecting best practices from the community.

43

235

2010-08-22T02:10:58.577

2018-06-01T02:51:49.553

How do I run a successful Ubuntu Hour?

[ "community", "locoteams" ]

6

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Try and make it as regular as possible, that way you'll get to meet people more often but others will be able to pop in if they know it's going to happen so that it doesn't have to be pre arranged. In Ireland we have 3 of them running, Dublin is on the last Wednesday of the month and people chose that date and it's worked out well. \n\nWhat we've found is by picking somewhere central to meet up, people can have a bite to eat, or drink and chat. Making it relaxed and not a formal event is key to making it fun and for it to happen again and again. \n\nIt's a fun way to explain/show people new features you've found in a casual way, so I've showed the Loco Directory and let people use my laptop if I was running the latest release.\n\nMake sure everyone is welcome, if there are new less technical people present and the topics are getting too technical, talk to them separately or perhaps suggest techy talk for another time.\n\nAbove all just have fun and chat about your community. Ubuntu hours are about your local area and the people in your community. \n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-09-06T20:08:09.927", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-09-06T20:08:09.927", "id": "3764", "lastActivityDate": "2010-09-06T20:08:09.927", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": "user1098", "ownerUserId": null, "parentId": "7", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "11" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "I've always helped identified people's needs and showed them how Ubuntu's implemented those needs. My audience is usually Mac and Windows people - but it's the same idea. Spend a few minutes touching on the new features in 10.04 then let the questions begin. I've also found that spending a little time highlighting what you like and use it for is also helpful to show why you like/use Ubuntu.\n\nTry not to (as I've made the mistake in the past) to be THIS IS > ALL OF YOUR ALTERNATIVES as it's usually frowned upon.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:31:05.640", "id": "19", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T19:31:05.640", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "41", "parentId": "7", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "8" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "The way we run our Ubuntu Hour is basically one of a very relaxed social interaction. No one needs to talk about Ubuntu if they don't want to and we generally let the flow of the hour or two take us to random places.\n\nBasically we just enjoy each others company.\n\nIt's important to not put too much of a burden or expectation, those kinds of more targeted events should be saved for specific things, like the Ubuntu Workshops etc.\n\nOh and make sure you pick a location that members can get to.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-07-28T21:00:23.413", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:00:23.413", "id": "130", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T04:17:09.160", "lastEditDate": "2010-07-29T04:17:09.160", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "30", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "132", "parentId": "7", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "7" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I've always thought that the Ubuntu Hour isn't supposed to preach Ubuntu to the Linux converted (although if that happens, it's not necessarily a bad thing), it's more supposed to be try and encourage people who don't have any experience of Linux, let alone Ubuntu to give it a try.\n\nConsider making a small sign (just an A4 sheet folded into three - making a triangle should be fine) and write in VERY clear text \"Give Ubuntu Linux a try\". Make sure you've got Ubuntu images to hand, and if you've got a second machine that you can bring along as well, perhaps play some kind of demo video on there - perhaps something like this one: <a href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ll3yDLeioXQ\" rel=\"noreferrer\">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ll3yDLeioXQ</a> (there are many other copies of this!)\n\nSomeone I've seen doing a great job of demoing Ubuntu at BarCamps over the past few months is <a href=\"http://twitter.com/biglesp\" rel=\"noreferrer\">http://twitter.com/biglesp</a> http://identi.ca/biglesp and he's encouraged people into doing a few installs at events recently.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-07-29T08:10:57.233", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T08:10:57.233", "id": "291", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T08:10:57.233", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "212", "parentId": "7", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "Try and make it as regular as possible, that way you'll get to meet people more often but others will be able to pop in if they know it's going to happen so that it doesn't have to be pre arranged. In Ireland we have 3 of them running, Dublin is on the last Wednesday of the month and people chose that date and it's worked out well. \n\nWhat we've found is by picking somewhere central to meet up, people can have a bite to eat, or drink and chat. Making it relaxed and not a formal event is key to making it fun and for it to happen again and again. \n\nIt's a fun way to explain/show people new features you've found in a casual way, so I've showed the Loco Directory and let people use my laptop if I was running the latest release.\n\nMake sure everyone is welcome, if there are new less technical people present and the topics are getting too technical, talk to them separately or perhaps suggest techy talk for another time.\n\nAbove all just have fun and chat about your community. Ubuntu hours are about your local area and the people in your community. \n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-09-06T20:08:09.927", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-09-06T20:08:09.927", "id": "3764", "lastActivityDate": "2010-09-06T20:08:09.927", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": "user1098", "ownerUserId": null, "parentId": "7", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "11" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "In my humble opinion an Ubuntu hour can serve two different purposes. It is possible for the event to serve one or the other, or both.\n\n<ol>\n<li>Advocacy\nFor successful advocacy having informational handouts, CDs and a computer that people can sample improve the quality of the event. Handouts can contain Ubuntu only information or contain both information about Ubuntu and local LUGs or Free Software Groups. If people are interested in giving Ubuntu a try you can tell them about local groups that can help them or even arrange to help them at the next Ubuntu Hour. Advocacy at its simplest form is just having the logo visible so people think about Ubuntu like they do Apple or Windows.</li>\n<li>Team Building\nAn event that helps support people currently using Ubuntu are a fantastic way of building friendships and camaraderie. These types of events usually require no more than giving advance notice and a choosing a comfortable gathering place with Internet access. If you are making use of a business space (coffee shop or similar) it is a good idea to plan on having to make purchases. With that in mind choosing a place that is not too expensive is ideal.</li>\n</ol>\n\n<hr>\n\nFor both types of events remember that this is supposed to be a simple relaxed hour focused on making the Ubuntu experience a personal one. Remember to post the event at loco.ubuntu.com, your teams wiki and/or website. Working with local LUGs or Free Software groups can also be useful. Most importantly have fun.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": "2011-02-13T16:56:38.673", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2011-02-13T16:56:38.673", "id": "26158", "lastActivityDate": "2011-02-13T16:56:38.673", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "2022", "parentId": "7", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Step 0: Define your target audience.\nIf you've talked to your LUG, you've probably not tapped anyone that hasn't heard of Ubuntu. Try to reach outward, far beyond the traditional LUG crowd. Try to define and reach an audience that has no idea what Ubuntu is. That's where the real progress is made.\n\nStep 1: Advertise your event at least 1 week in advance. \nCreate small posters and place them in busy public places. Say something like: \"We're getting together to talk about Ubuntu. Please join us!\" (Have an email address or an RSVP link on the poster where people can indicate they are coming. RSVP'ing is better because it potentially lets you poll them for \"What do you expect from this meeting?\" )\n\nStep 2: Look at the Responses\nHow many people are coming? What are they looking for? Can you meet their expectations?\n\nStep 3: Prepare some small tent signs for the coffee shop tables. Make them professional, and make sure they conform to the Ubuntu Branding Guidelines. (You are representing Ubuntu so it's important to get this right.) Recognize that there will be many people that see the signs that have never heard of Ubuntu. First impressions count.\n\nStep 4: Don't get hung up on convention/tradition/governance or any other construct that doesn't necessarily apply to your situation. The people you'd meet at an Ubuntu themed event might be totally different that what has traditionally been the Ubuntu LoCo crowd in other areas. Do what seems right for your community, culture and situation.\n\nStep 5: Have fun. Always!\nPeople won't stick around if the events are boring, dull, or if it's all about creating work. That's what day jobs are for! (Unless they are Ubuntu day jobs of course!)\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": "2012-12-18T21:59:40.837", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-12-18T21:59:40.837", "id": "230400", "lastActivityDate": "2012-12-18T21:59:40.837", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "115481", "parentId": "7", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" } ]

2010-07-28T19:34:40.093

null

8

1

240

2010-07-28T19:24:41.037

19

3255

I started with Ubuntu Karmic, and wanted to try KDE. So I installed <code>kubuntu-desktop</code>. Then I wanted to see how XFCE progressed, so I installed <code>xfce4</code>. I now have Kubuntu with an XFCE splash and login. How do I (safely) purge XFCE and just have the Kubuntu splash / login screen, or am I stuck with frank-en-buntu?

50

106495

2013-03-29T05:00:51.503

2015-05-29T20:56:09.057

How do I go back to KDE splash / login after installing XFCE?

[ "kde", "login-screen", "plymouth" ]

4

1

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:44:07.207", "id": "129", "postId": "8", "score": "6", "text": "I think you should edit the question to something like \"How do I go back from XFCE to KDE?\". \n\nThe current question is too vague and informal, and honestly, every time I saw it in the homepage I just ignored it thinking it was something like \"help me! I'm f***g crazy about Ubuntu and won't go back to Windows!!!!\" :D", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "94" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "splash screen is configured by the alternatives system... you can get a list of available plymouth themes by doing: <code>update-alternatives --list default.plymouth</code>\n\nYou can then change the current plymouth theme by doing\n<code>sudo update-alternatives --set default.plymouth /lib/plymouth/themes/kubuntu-logo/kubuntu-logo.plymouth</code>\n\nThe alternative way of getting Kubuntu splash it to remove package xubuntu-plymouth-theme.\n\nTo change the login screen you can either run <code>sudo dpkg-reconfigure gdm</code> and choose kdm as mentioned in another comment or remove gdm which should set kdm as default display manager.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T01:43:35.427", "id": "240", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T01:43:35.427", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "182", "parentId": "8", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "13" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "From a terminal:\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get remove xfce4\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "5", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:39:05.823", "id": "17", "postId": "27", "score": "0", "text": "That will revert the splash screen as well as the login? I almost did that, but grew hesitant.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "50" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:49:21.460", "id": "36", "postId": "27", "score": "0", "text": "It probably should... I imagine that when the xfce4 package is removed, it restores the splash screen, etc. from before it was installed.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:13:43.493", "id": "72", "postId": "27", "score": "0", "text": "I also think you meant `remove` , not `uninstall`?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "50" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:07:33.193", "id": "111", "postId": "27", "score": "0", "text": "@Tim: He-he... my bad.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5" }, { "creationDate": "2012-03-03T08:32:07.117", "id": "129022", "postId": "27", "score": "0", "text": "I'm skeptical...I removed xfce4 once, and I still saw the xfce4 shutdown screen every time I shutdown or restarted.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "43660" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:33:09.253", "id": "27", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T21:43:36.473", "lastEditDate": "2010-07-28T21:43:36.473", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "5", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5", "parentId": "8", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "\n\nYou can just switch back the display manager to use kdm using \n\n<pre><code>sudo dpkg-reconfigure gdm\n</code></pre>\n\nand then selecting kdm.\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:58:29.193", "id": "55", "postId": "59", "score": "0", "text": "kdm is the display manager, its the splash and login I'm trying to fix :)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "50" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T23:21:37.883", "id": "159", "postId": "59", "score": "0", "text": "Well, the display manager is actually what greets you, and asks for the login.\nI use this to switch between kdm, gdm and others.\nIs your gdm rather messed up? Then there's some system preferences app to select another theme maybe?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "169" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:49:30.773", "id": "59", "lastActivityDate": "2015-05-29T20:56:09.057", "lastEditDate": "2015-05-29T20:56:09.057", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "5768", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "103", "parentId": "8", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Also after you remove xfce and all other apps, reinstall ubuntu-desktop to make sure you get everything back\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:44:21.420", "id": "130", "postId": "157", "score": "0", "text": "-1 That will not bring back the **Kubuntu** splash screen as mentioned in the question.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:37:49.827", "id": "157", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T21:37:49.827", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "152", "parentId": "8", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "splash screen is configured by the alternatives system... you can get a list of available plymouth themes by doing: <code>update-alternatives --list default.plymouth</code>\n\nYou can then change the current plymouth theme by doing\n<code>sudo update-alternatives --set default.plymouth /lib/plymouth/themes/kubuntu-logo/kubuntu-logo.plymouth</code>\n\nThe alternative way of getting Kubuntu splash it to remove package xubuntu-plymouth-theme.\n\nTo change the login screen you can either run <code>sudo dpkg-reconfigure gdm</code> and choose kdm as mentioned in another comment or remove gdm which should set kdm as default display manager.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T01:43:35.427", "id": "240", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T01:43:35.427", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "182", "parentId": "8", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "13" } ]

null

9

1

35

2010-07-28T19:26:46.273

158

129077

Update Manager is constantly offering me updates (e.g. security fixes, updates from PPAs). How can I tell my Ubuntu installation to automatically download and install updates whenever they become available?

56

44179

2014-07-22T19:53:14.377

2017-05-31T09:25:43.137

How do I enable automatic updates?

[ "updates", "unattended-upgrades" ]

5

2

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2015-01-22T02:40:57.120", "id": "795638", "postId": "9", "score": "1", "text": "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AutomaticSecurityUpdates", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5271" }, { "creationDate": "2022-02-16T02:54:07.150", "id": "2409547", "postId": "9", "score": "0", "text": "See also: https://ubuntu.com/server/docs/package-management#heading--automatic-updates", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "285352" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "You can do this easily for security updates.\n\nFrom System Settings open Update Manager. Click the 'Settings...' button, then on the 'Updates' tab, select the radio button 'Install security updates without confirmation.'\n\nTo automatically install all updates, see the answer below.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2014-05-02T02:17:45.293", "id": "604483", "postId": "35", "score": "34", "text": "-1 Disappointing this has selected since this is not answering the question correctly and is showing a thing everybody who know Ubuntu a little bit and pays attention in dialogs knows this already. The most upvoted answer is the right one.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "195243" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:37:56.700", "id": "35", "lastActivityDate": "2016-01-31T14:40:22.893", "lastEditDate": "2016-01-31T14:40:22.893", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "172367", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "69", "parentId": "9", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "29" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "Go to terminal, and enter:\n\n<pre><code>sudo dpkg-reconfigure unattended-upgrades\n</code></pre>\n\nSay \"yes\" to the prompt. You'll still be notified about \"normal\" updates, such as those that contain bugfixes, but security updates will be installed automatically.\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2020-08-18T10:48:56.727", "id": "2147015", "postId": "26", "score": "0", "text": "Can I do it without a prompt? (So turn on unattended upgardes unattended :) )", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "83513" }, { "creationDate": "2020-11-03T18:57:40.390", "id": "2188947", "postId": "26", "score": "1", "text": "This doesn't upgrade my LTS automatically, does it?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "326018" }, { "creationDate": "2022-02-06T17:57:46.617", "id": "2405397", "postId": "26", "score": "0", "text": "@Harsha No. you need to run dist-upgrade for that as new releases require a new kernel, and upgrade will never install a new kernel.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "780797" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:33:02.263", "id": "26", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T19:33:02.263", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "66", "parentId": "9", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "24" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "You can do this easily for security updates.\n\nFrom System Settings open Update Manager. Click the 'Settings...' button, then on the 'Updates' tab, select the radio button 'Install security updates without confirmation.'\n\nTo automatically install all updates, see the answer below.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2014-05-02T02:17:45.293", "id": "604483", "postId": "35", "score": "34", "text": "-1 Disappointing this has selected since this is not answering the question correctly and is showing a thing everybody who know Ubuntu a little bit and pays attention in dialogs knows this already. The most upvoted answer is the right one.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "195243" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:37:56.700", "id": "35", "lastActivityDate": "2016-01-31T14:40:22.893", "lastEditDate": "2016-01-31T14:40:22.893", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "172367", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "69", "parentId": "9", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "29" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Although it is not wrong or dangerous (see comments to this answer), using <code>apt-get upgrade -y</code> is not the best way to achieve this.\n\nunattended-upgrades is one of the best practices of having automatic updates, especially for headless machines or servers!\n\nYou can set up unattended-upgrades pretty easily by typing this in a terminal:\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install unattended-upgrades\nsudo dpkg-reconfigure unattended-upgrades\n</code></pre>\n\nFrom the description:\n\n<pre><code> This package can download and install security upgrades automatically\n and unattended, taking care to only install packages from the\n configured APT source, and checking for dpkg prompts about\n configuration file changes.\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "12", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-30T16:27:23.667", "id": "450", "postId": "204", "score": "0", "text": "Although I agree that those crontabs entries are not the way to go: apt-get upgrade -y is not *that* bad. From the man page for -y: \"If an undesirable situation, such as changing a held package, trying to install a unauthenticated package or removing an essential package occurs then apt-get will abort.\"", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "275" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-31T00:50:42.000", "id": "486", "postId": "204", "score": "2", "text": "But an important package for your server, web application, etc might not be an \"essential\" package and could potentially get removed.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "154" }, { "creationDate": "2012-06-19T04:12:08.950", "id": "185232", "postId": "204", "score": "1", "text": "`unattended-upgrades` is preferable but `apt-get -y upgrade` is not wrong or dangerous at all. `sudo apt-get upgrade` will **never** (with or with out `y`, with or without explicit user approval) install any new package or uninstall any installed package. (From [`man apt-get`](http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/precise/en/man8/apt-get.8.html): \"under no circumstances are currently installed packages removed, or packages not already installed retrieved and installed.\") Remember, the `-y` flag can be used with other, potentially more dangerous commands than `upgrade`, such as `dist-upgrade`.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "22949" }, { "creationDate": "2014-05-02T03:07:46.627", "id": "604498", "postId": "204", "score": "17", "text": "This is lacking the info that you have to set `APT::Periodic::Download-Upgradeable-Packages \"0\";` to 1 and should also set `APT::Periodic::AutocleanInterval \"0\";` to something in days in `/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/10periodic` or not? Also you would not be do this instead of the GUI way if you would only security updates so you also have to uncomment `// \"${distro_id}:${distro_codename}-updates\";` in `/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades` to really have automatic upgrades for all code packages. This can then be extended to update even more.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "195243" }, { "creationDate": "2015-11-11T00:43:37.603", "id": "1019127", "postId": "204", "score": "1", "text": "How often will the update run now, after I set this up?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "9685" }, { "creationDate": "2015-11-11T20:39:42.327", "id": "1019800", "postId": "204", "score": "0", "text": "daily, according to /etc/cron.daily/apt", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "154" }, { "creationDate": "2015-12-16T23:32:11.963", "id": "1045066", "postId": "204", "score": "4", "text": "What happens with updates that require a server reboot?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "483210" }, { "creationDate": "2016-01-28T16:40:27.320", "id": "1076514", "postId": "204", "score": "1", "text": "A file will be created by the system (/var/run/reboot-required) to let you know that a reboot is required. But no actions are taken by unattended-upgrades to restart the system though, it's up to you to restart it.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "154" }, { "creationDate": "2016-09-16T18:44:53.353", "id": "1255424", "postId": "204", "score": "5", "text": "official docs talk about enabling notifications as well (via email), which i think is good for those who wish to know. https://help.ubuntu.com/lts/serverguide/automatic-updates.html", "userDisplayName": "user383919", "userId": null }, { "creationDate": "2017-01-12T10:10:54.960", "id": "1350354", "postId": "204", "score": "1", "text": "How can I do this without needing to interact with the prompt?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "33389" }, { "creationDate": "2020-11-03T18:58:13.110", "id": "2188948", "postId": "204", "score": "0", "text": "Does this also update my LTS version from 18 to 20?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "326018" }, { "creationDate": "2022-02-16T02:53:41.850", "id": "2409545", "postId": "204", "score": "0", "text": "The official docs appear to have moved here: https://ubuntu.com/server/docs/package-management#heading--automatic-updates", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "285352" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T23:09:08.387", "id": "204", "lastActivityDate": "2014-03-02T22:48:26.600", "lastEditDate": "2014-03-02T22:48:26.600", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "154", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "154", "parentId": "9", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "183" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I use <code>apticron</code> to get informed by mail if an update needs to be done.\n\nIn your case, I would use <code>cron-apt</code> or <code>unattended-upgrades</code> to do the job of automagically updating your machines.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T04:15:26.727", "id": "273", "lastActivityDate": "2017-05-31T09:25:43.137", "lastEditDate": "2017-05-31T09:25:43.137", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "34298", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "116", "parentId": "9", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "10" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "In the Update Manager click the <code>Settings</code> button. This dialog will show up:\n\n<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/mEVAD.png\" rel=\"noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/mEVAD.png\" alt=\"screenshot of Download and install automatically security updates\"></a>\n\nSelect the \"Download and install automatically\". This will automatically install security updates. If you want to set this up for them remotely via, you can do this:\n\n<code>sudo apt-get install unattended-upgrades</code>\n\nIf the package is installed already you can do:\n\n<code>sudo dpkg-reconfigure unattended-upgrades</code>\n\nto change it's behavior. Follow the prompts to enable the feature once you run the command. There's currently no graphical method to just set the entire system to update unattended for everything (you want to play it safe when it comes to automatic upgrades), but setting security updates automatically is a good idea.\n\nCheck out the pages for more information if you want to automate getting -updates and -backports: \n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AutomaticSecurityUpdates#Using_the_.22unattended-upgrades.22_package\" rel=\"noreferrer\">https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AutomaticSecurityUpdates#Using_the_.22unattended-upgrades.22_package</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/87849/how-to-enable-silent-automatic-updates-for-any-repository\">How to enable silent automatic updates for any repository?</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/35053/how-do-i-enable-automatic-updates-of-all-packages\">How do I enable automatic updates of all packages?</a></li>\n</ul>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2022-10-17T10:36:24.013", "id": "2502826", "postId": "5332", "score": "0", "text": "You can start update manager from the command line with `update-manager`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "117754" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-10-08T02:29:20.337", "id": "5332", "lastActivityDate": "2017-02-18T19:31:46.380", "lastEditDate": "2017-04-13T12:23:55.970", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "235", "parentId": "9", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "41" } ]

null

11

1

21

2010-07-28T19:27:09.843

108

480056

I have had significant problems with watching flash video in 64-bit Ubuntu. Does anyone know of a good way to get flash running on the platform?

63

169736

2014-05-04T21:30:10.477

2017-07-17T07:52:27.090

How do I install Adobe Flash player?

[ "flash", "software-installation" ]

20

4

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2015-07-12T15:54:38.330", "id": "928923", "postId": "11", "score": "0", "text": "@Braiam - this question and answers are out-of-date. An edit in the question title is needed to state that it is limited to older versions of ubuntu", "userDisplayName": "user47206", "userId": null }, { "creationDate": "2015-07-12T15:57:56.657", "id": "928925", "postId": "11", "score": "0", "text": "@cipricus the answers needs to be updated. The question as it's is entirely valid (through unclear) and doesn't out-date, since people will ask how to install flash so long a Adobe Flash Player is a thing.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "169736" }, { "creationDate": "2015-07-12T16:10:19.103", "id": "928935", "postId": "11", "score": "0", "text": "@Braiam -i understand your point, but an older question like that on ubuntu 11 or 12 with a definitive high-voted answer of the same era is very unlikely to get new answers. it would be useful in my opinion to change the title so as to limit the question to v.11-12 of the system so that somebody else could ask a new one on the new systems and new circumstances related to flash without risking to duplicate", "userDisplayName": "user47206", "userId": null }, { "creationDate": "2015-07-12T16:12:28.310", "id": "928938", "postId": "11", "score": "2", "text": "@cipricus No. That's what bounties are for: **Current answers are outdated** The current answer(s) are out-of-date and require revision given recent changes. If you feel that the answers are outdated, just offer a bounty. Each answer has a header that says what versions the apply for. Through, as I said before, flash is browser dependent, and the OP did not specify which browser he's using.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "169736" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "<h3>For 11.04 and earlier:</h3>\nAre you installing it from the Ubuntu Software Center?\n<ol>\n<li>Go to Applications->Ubuntu Software Center.</li>\n<li>Click on Canonical Partners</li>\n<li>Click the Adobe Flash Plugin 11 and click install.</li>\n</ol>\nNote: this is the method I use on my 64-bit Ubuntu install and it has yet to fail me.\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/XVwJE.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\" />\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T09:41:54.170", "id": "254", "postId": "21", "score": "0", "text": "Same here: installed the default (but proprietary) 64bit plugin and I have no issue.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "23" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:31:36.527", "id": "21", "lastActivityDate": "2011-10-08T21:52:22.450", "lastEditDate": "2020-06-12T14:37:07.210", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5", "parentId": "11", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "81" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "<h3>For 11.04 and earlier:</h3>\nAre you installing it from the Ubuntu Software Center?\n<ol>\n<li>Go to Applications->Ubuntu Software Center.</li>\n<li>Click on Canonical Partners</li>\n<li>Click the Adobe Flash Plugin 11 and click install.</li>\n</ol>\nNote: this is the method I use on my 64-bit Ubuntu install and it has yet to fail me.\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/XVwJE.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\" />\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T09:41:54.170", "id": "254", "postId": "21", "score": "0", "text": "Same here: installed the default (but proprietary) 64bit plugin and I have no issue.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "23" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:31:36.527", "id": "21", "lastActivityDate": "2011-10-08T21:52:22.450", "lastEditDate": "2020-06-12T14:37:07.210", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5", "parentId": "11", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "81" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "In case the\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install flashplugin-nonfree\n</code></pre>\n\ndoes not work (like in my case and I do not know why...), you may want to give Opera as your browser a try. It is the only one that works for me.\n\nPS: I do not want to advertise Opera a browser, it's just that this was the only solution that somehow worked for me.\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2015-03-30T19:14:08.927", "id": "842676", "postId": "2270", "score": "0", "text": "Using another browser and giving up isn't exactly a solution ;D", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "114641" }, { "creationDate": "2015-05-04T15:04:12.977", "id": "873474", "postId": "2270", "score": "0", "text": "I tried Opera, there was no flash and no way to get it", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "387134" }, { "creationDate": "2016-12-28T00:29:27.260", "id": "1337202", "postId": "2270", "score": "0", "text": "Thank you for suggesting Opera! For me, this was the only trick that worked, after trying everything I could find online. Now I can finally use and embed Tinychat chatroom on one of my blogs! I've tried everything!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "146105" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-14T13:19:28.203", "id": "2270", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-14T13:19:28.203", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": "Remi Meier", "ownerUserId": null, "parentId": "11", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Use the Ubuntu Software Center (in the Applications menu). In the text entry field (of the search box), you can search for \"flash\", and the results will populate one Adobe Flash plugin (note the Adobe logo). Choose that, and follow the directions to use the source.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-12-01T19:14:44.847", "id": "15745", "lastActivityDate": "2010-12-01T19:14:44.847", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "6369", "parentId": "11", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Double check which \"plugin\" directory is being used. Had to spend a good hour one time just plowing through all the plugin directories till I found which ones my firefox was actually reading, and then <code>ln -s</code>ed them all to point to a common one.\n\nEnd of the day you might be dropping it in the wrong place. \n\nAlso start firefox from the command line, you might see errors. Example is running a x86 flash player in an x64 browser(not os) and vice versa. From the command line (<code>%> firefox</code>) you should see the plugin initialization log lines. (maybe try this one first :P)\n\nAlso anything in <code>/usr/lib/...</code> is owned by root so you would have to <code>sudo cp libflashplayer.so /usr/lib/firefox/plugin</code> where <code>.../firefox/plugin</code> points to the location of the firefox plugin directory.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2012-07-11T21:55:31.030", "id": "198488", "postId": "15751", "score": "0", "text": "Finding out which plugin your processes are actually using is easy: sudo lsof | grep libflashplayer", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "67045" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-12-01T19:51:25.087", "id": "15751", "lastActivityDate": "2010-12-01T19:51:25.087", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "1151", "parentId": "11", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Get my <a href=\"https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/161939/\">Flash-Aid</a> extension for Firefox. It will take care of downloading and installing the appropriate version for your system architecture and will also remove conflicting plugins. If you are on 64bit, it also allows to install the 64bit preview version, which renders better results than the 32bit with nspluginwrapper.\n\nBTW, if you can't copy anything to ~/.mozilla/plugins folder, then you should check the ownership of the ~/.mozilla folder. It should allow to copy anything there. Unless of course you are referring to a system folder outside your home directory, which requires root privilege.\n", "commentCount": "4", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2013-01-05T13:21:02.130", "id": "294051", "postId": "15864", "score": "0", "text": "Thank you!!! These answer needs to be on the top for 12.10", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "78690" }, { "creationDate": "2013-09-12T06:17:51.270", "id": "440986", "postId": "15864", "score": "1", "text": "flash-aid was removed by it's author", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "6228" }, { "creationDate": "2015-05-04T15:07:36.700", "id": "873478", "postId": "15864", "score": "0", "text": "Put it back... pls", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "387134" }, { "creationDate": "2016-12-27T22:20:31.753", "id": "1337141", "postId": "15864", "score": "0", "text": "Toot bad that it was removed!...", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "146105" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-12-02T12:40:36.163", "id": "15864", "lastActivityDate": "2010-12-02T12:40:36.163", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "2950", "parentId": "11", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Since you have stated that this is the first time you have ever used ubuntu. i would suggest that you install the package ubuntu-restricted-extras, this includes lots of useful stuff like adobe flash and codecs and MS fonts etc.\n\nyou can do this in many ways. \n\nsoftware centre: Click on this link:\n\n<a href=\"https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/applications/ubuntu-restricted-extras\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://hostmar.co/software-banner\" alt=\"Install via the software center\"></a>\n\nor in a terminal: type <code>sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras</code>\n\nsynaptic: search for the package ubuntu-restricted-extras right click the package and select install, and then select mark. after click the apply button and it will all install. \n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2012-07-12T19:55:52.063", "id": "199103", "postId": "33134", "score": "0", "text": "will it install the best possible Flash Player for my system or are there better versions? Will it install 64 bit version?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "29347" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-04-02T14:02:59.930", "id": "33134", "lastActivityDate": "2012-10-03T14:38:53.440", "lastEditDate": "2017-03-11T19:00:04.903", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5254", "parentId": "11", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "21" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "It depends on what browser you are using. Google Chrome (not Chromium) has Flash player by default.\n\nGo to www.google.com/chrome and click download Chrome Choose 64-bit .deb (anybody reading this using 32-bit machines should select the 32-bit .deb)\n\nWhen you click on the .deb file when it has downloaded it will open in the Software Centre. Now click install and when it has finished you can find the browser in Applications -> Internet.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2011-04-02T20:00:38.117", "id": "33183", "lastActivityDate": "2011-04-02T20:00:38.117", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "13431", "parentId": "11", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<h2>For 11.10 and later</h2>\n\nStart Software Center from the Launcher and search for flash \n\nTwo entries will be found. The first is the wrapper around the 32bit flash version from Adobe. The second is the 64bit flash version.\n\nSelect the second flash entry - if the following picture is seen then you have not already enabled the Canonical Partner Repository previously.\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/doB0u.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\">\n\nClick More Info\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/SVH5H.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\">\n\n... and click Use this source to enable the Canonical Partner Repository\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/f25ZR.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\">\n\nsee the end of this answer for the bug-report\n\nClick Install \n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/cRPT2.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\">\n\nClick the Install button and enter your password when prompted. Note - you must have permission to install software.\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/Rt2Um.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\">\n\nThe installation will proceed:\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/Sm2yS.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\">\n\nOnce complete - launch Firefox and browse to your Flash Video. Right click and confirm that the latest version of Flash has been installed correctly.\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/1ZrwL.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\">\n\nNote - pictures subject to change - the 64bit version has only been recently packaged in the last week before Oneiric release - One issue currently exists:\n\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/flashplugin-nonfree/+bug/870835\" rel=\"noreferrer\">https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/flashplugin-nonfree/+bug/870835</a></li>\n</ol>\n\nIn the interim - either use the first \"Multiverse\" 32bit plugin in the pictures above or use <code>adobe-flashplugin</code>\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install adobe-flashplugin\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "6", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-10-09T23:07:11.287", "id": "74695", "postId": "65002", "score": "0", "text": "Two things: Firstly, the number in the brackets is the number of _reviews_, not the rating (as you can see, the one you've selected is _lower_-rated than the other one). Secondly, I'd use the other one, which is the 64bit build rather than the 32bit compatibility wrapper.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "188" }, { "creationDate": "2011-10-09T23:37:25.310", "id": "74697", "postId": "65002", "score": "1", "text": "Since I always try to be as lazy as possible, I always install the package _ubuntu-restricted-extras_ which is a meta-package includes adobe's flash player among other useful things. This possibility existed with earlier ubuntu versions and is still working smoothly with 11.10.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "26214" }, { "creationDate": "2012-07-12T20:00:01.337", "id": "199105", "postId": "65002", "score": "0", "text": "Is the bug 870835 still valid or is it all fixed now i.e. I keep my ubuntu 12.04 x64 updated = I have the latest 64 bit Flash player and not 32 bit one?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "29347" }, { "creationDate": "2013-07-13T14:43:05.570", "id": "405348", "postId": "65002", "score": "0", "text": "How do I check if I have 64-bit Ubuntu?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "174599" }, { "creationDate": "2014-01-28T15:11:04.130", "id": "530746", "postId": "65002", "score": "1", "text": "The current 13.04 alpha version does not have an `adobe-flashplugin` package in the Canonical repository. Possibly related to [this](http://askubuntu.com/q/172783/6969)? There is still an `flashplugin-installer` package though.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "6969" }, { "creationDate": "2015-03-30T19:02:47.600", "id": "842663", "postId": "65002", "score": "0", "text": "Package adobe-flashplugin is not available, but is referred to by another package.\nThis may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or\nis only available from another source\n\nE: Package 'adobe-flashplugin' has no installation candidate", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "114641" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-10-09T22:52:25.020", "id": "65002", "lastActivityDate": "2013-06-04T23:55:43.533", "lastEditDate": "2013-06-04T23:55:43.533", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "62483", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "14356", "parentId": "11", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "68" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<h2>Definite fix for 64 bit Flash on 11.10</h2>\n\nI fixed 64 bit Flash on my 11.10 systems without any wrappers. If you follow the solutions mentioned above you will still end up with the 32 bit version and wrappers.\n\nNote: most of this can be done in a terminal as well, in that case you don't need to install Synaptic. Furthermore, it could be that just executing steps 5, 6 and 8 is enough, but I have not tested this yet.\n\n<ol>\n<li>Install Synaptic (Software Center doesn't show the package you need, not in the main items and not within the technical items and not even after it's been installed)</li>\n<li>Start Synaptic and search for 'flash'</li>\n<li>Sort by installed state</li>\n<li>Remove all flash-related packages (such as flashplugin-downloader:i386, flashplugin-installer, ndiswrapper-common etc.). If there's nothing listed you probably don't have Flash installed at all. In that case, just move on to the next step.</li>\n<li>Enable the Canonical partner repository (see above posts on how to do that)</li>\n<li>Update the package list (don't count on Software Center doing this for you, it sometimes doesn't) by clicking 'Reload' in</li>\n<li>Search for 'flash' again</li>\n<li>Install the package 'adobe-flashplugin'. If it's not in the list, something went wrong with updating the package lists. Try quiting and restarting Synapic, then click on 'Reload'.</li>\n</ol>\n\nOne extra package, 'adobe-flash-properties-gtk' will be installed automatically.\nNothing more.\n\nNow you will have full 64 bit Flash without any wrappers and other garbage in both Firefox and Chromium. A restart of your browser(s) is required though. If it's still not working, try a reboot (there might be some bogus reference to the old plugins somewhere).\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-11-12T12:18:09.290", "id": "78498", "lastActivityDate": "2011-11-12T12:18:09.290", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "28362", "parentId": "11", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<pre><code>sudo apt-get remove --purge adobe-flashplugin flashplugin* nspluginwrapper\nsudo apt-get install --reinstall adobe-flashplugin\n</code></pre>\n\nRef: <a href=\"http://ubuntuguide.net/install-adobe-flash-pluginfix-not-working-problem-in-ubuntu-11-10-oneiric\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://ubuntuguide.net/install-adobe-flash-pluginfix-not-working-problem-in-ubuntu-11-10-oneiric</a>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-11-20T10:21:43.543", "id": "80975", "lastActivityDate": "2011-11-20T10:21:43.543", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "34620", "parentId": "11", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I've just found a solution for those who has flash working on Firefox but not on Chromium. It's based on the fact that every browser has it's own plugins directory:\n\n<ul>\n<li>/usr/lib/firefox-addons/plugins (for Firefox)</li>\n<li>/usr/lib/chromium-browser/plugins (for Chromium)</li>\n</ul>\n\nSo, the only thing you've to do is to unificate them, aka, making one the link to the other. Probably, all plugins are on Firefox plugins directory, but it isn't worth to ensure that:\n\n<pre><code>ls -l /usr/lib/{mozilla,chromium-browser}/plugins\n</code></pre>\n\nIf Firefox is the one where all plugins are, do the next. If not, do the opposite:\n\n<pre><code>sudo rmdir /usr/lib/chromium-browser/plugins\nsudo ln -s /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins /usr/lib/chromium-browser/\n</code></pre>\n\nFinally, restart Chromium so changes take effect.\n\nProbably, it wouldn't be a bad idea to create a bug report on Chromium/Firefox package maintainers to alert about the bug and the simple solution.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-08-16T17:19:16.677", "id": "176694", "lastActivityDate": "2012-09-27T06:39:27.700", "lastEditDate": "2012-09-27T06:39:27.700", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "74307", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "83760", "parentId": "11", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Here's what you need to do: by default, Ubuntu comes with only open source software enabled (I think that's the case, anyway). \n\nThe way you enable other stuff (like Flash, Java, and support for recording or playing MP3s, which is NOT open source) is to go in your Software Center, go in the menus (unfortunately I'm not currently on Ubuntu and can't tell you which menu) and search for Software Sources. \n\nClick it, and you'll be brought to a window which tells Ubuntu what it's allowed to install for you. In front of you should be a list of five different \"universes\". What you need to do is enable the two that aren't currently enabled. \n\nAfter that, it should ask you whether you want to reload your repositories, but if it doesn't, get in a command line and type \n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get update\n</code></pre>\n\nand let it finish. Then you should be able to find flash in either the Software Center or in the command line. You could alternatively install the ubuntu-restricted-extras package, which will give you all of the three things I mentioned above.\n\nGood luck!\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2015-05-04T15:12:10.320", "id": "873482", "postId": "184021", "score": "0", "text": "The menu you are thinking of is the \"edit\" menu.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "387134" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-09-04T16:14:58.150", "id": "184021", "lastActivityDate": "2012-09-04T16:39:02.883", "lastEditDate": "2012-09-04T16:39:02.883", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "87504", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "87504", "parentId": "11", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "This is how to install Adobe Flash Plugin for Firefox: \n\n<ol>\n<li>Go to <a href=\"http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/\">this</a> page and select the option .tar.gz for other Linux. Download the file. </li>\n<li>Unpack the plugin tar.gz and copy the files to the appropriate location. </li>\n<li>Save the plugin tar.gz locally and note the location the file was saved to. </li>\n<li>Launch terminal and change directories to the location the file was saved to. </li>\n<li>Unpack the tar.gz file. Once unpacked you will see the following: \n\n<ul>\n<li>libflashplayer.so </li>\n<li>/usr </li>\n</ul></li>\n<li>Identify the location of the browser plugins directory, based on your Linux distribution and Firefox version.(Usually it is <code>/usr/lib/mozilla/plugins/</code>) \nFor ubuntu 14.04 path is : <code>/usr/lib/firefox/browser/plugins</code> </li>\n<li>Copy <code>libflashplayer.so</code> to the appropriate browser plugins directory. At the prompt type: \n\n<pre><code>sudo cp libflashplayer.so <BrowserPluginsLocation>\n</code></pre></li>\n<li>Copy the Flash Player Local Settings configurations files to the /usr directory. At the prompt type: \n\n<pre><code>sudo cp -r usr/* /usr\n</code></pre></li>\n<li>Now restart your browser.</li>\n</ol>\n", "commentCount": "6", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2013-06-29T13:45:14.150", "id": "397438", "postId": "184031", "score": "1", "text": "software manager was showing installed but your method finally made it work, thank you", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "22045" }, { "creationDate": "2015-05-04T15:30:29.797", "id": "873495", "postId": "184031", "score": "0", "text": "Did you mean copy the usr folder in the new flash player directory to /usr or copy the contents of that folder to /usr?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "387134" }, { "creationDate": "2015-05-04T15:31:16.870", "id": "873496", "postId": "184031", "score": "1", "text": "Also there is a README file that tells you how to do this. It is in the .tar.gz file.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "387134" }, { "creationDate": "2017-01-31T07:05:14.727", "id": "1366154", "postId": "184031", "score": "0", "text": "I did follow your way, now I have latest version of flash player, but youtube videos are still not opening", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "442286" }, { "creationDate": "2017-01-31T19:09:40.730", "id": "1366687", "postId": "184031", "score": "0", "text": "@developer Most of the Youtube videos can be played without even installing Flash (https://www.youtube.com/html5). I am not sure if your videos are not playing because of Flash or some other reason. Did you restart your browser?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "58990" }, { "creationDate": "2018-04-03T22:33:14.623", "id": "1659239", "postId": "184031", "score": "0", "text": "This works on my Ubuntu 17.10", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "487674" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-09-04T16:36:44.837", "id": "184031", "lastActivityDate": "2014-09-18T05:31:11.227", "lastEditDate": "2014-09-18T05:31:11.227", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "58990", "parentId": "11", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "31" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "There is a simple solution for this problem.\n\nOpen your Firefox and go to <a href=\"http://www.youtube.com\">Youtube</a>. Click on any video. Definitely it won't play because you don't have any flash player installed. But Firefox will promote you to <code>install missing plug-in</code> at the top. Simply click on it and follow the procedure. After that your video will start to play. Make sure you have latest Firefox browser installed.\n\nOr try this in your terminal\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install flashplugin-installer\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-09-04T16:38:38.230", "id": "184033", "lastActivityDate": "2012-11-07T12:02:57.847", "lastEditDate": "2012-11-07T12:02:57.847", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "25798", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "76684", "parentId": "11", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "13" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Well I post this here, in hopes of helping someone. I'll state what was happening and how I solved it. \n\nSETUP: \n Running 12.04 from a WUBI installation.\n\nPROBLEM: \n When I searched in the Ubuntu Software Center the keyword <code>flash</code>, none of the options posted here appeared except ONE for a <code>flash plugin</code> for Mozilla. When attempting to install it, I got a dependency error. \n\nTried installing it through the Ubuntu Restricted Extras from Ubuntu Software Center, however the flash plugin portion of this installation did not work because of the dependency error.\n\nKept searching and found this command to install the plugin\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install flashplugin-nonfree\n</code></pre>\n\nand ran it from the terminal. \n\nSame dependency error with this output:\n\n<pre><code>Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree \nReading state information... Done Note, selecting 'flashplugin-installer' instead of 'flashplugin-nonfree' \nSome packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable distribution that some required packages have not yet been created or been moved out of Incoming. \nThe following information may help to resolve the situation:\nThe following packages have unmet dependencies: \n flashplugin-installer : \n Depends: libnspr4-0d but it is not going to be installed E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.\n</code></pre>\n\nSOLUTION: \n\nI ran \n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install -f \n</code></pre>\n\nand then \n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get update \n</code></pre>\n\nwhich I found from some other post that was trying to solve dependencies.\n\nThen I ran \n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install flashplugin-nonfree\n</code></pre>\n\nand flash plugin now works on Chromium and Firefox.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-10-02T15:55:45.773", "id": "195602", "lastActivityDate": "2012-10-03T03:43:58.903", "lastEditDate": "2012-10-03T03:43:58.903", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "74307", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "94080", "parentId": "11", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I went through as many possible suggestions as I could find in an effort to get flash to work in Chrome on my 13.10 64bit installation. Nothing worked. I finally stumbled on the Pepper Flash answer. \n\nThere are complete and well-written instructions at (link is direct)\n\n<a href=\"http://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2013/12/install-pepper-flash-chromium-ubuntu-ppa/\" rel=\"nofollow\">ubuntuhandbook.org</a>\n\nThey detail adding the repository, updating apt, installing Pepper, and modifying the chrome config. The thing that I did differently from their instructions was to change to the /etc/chromium-browser directory and issue the command \n\n<code>sudo gedit default</code> \n\nwhich allowed me to add a comment to the file in addition to the necessary .sh info so the last couple lines of my modded default file were:\n\n<pre><code># enable Pepper Flash Player Plugin\n. /usr/lib/pepflashplugin-installer/pepflashplayer.sh\n</code></pre>\n\nHopefully this solution will work for some time. \n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2014-05-02T23:58:03.060", "id": "459794", "lastActivityDate": "2014-05-02T23:58:03.060", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "277244", "parentId": "11", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "It depends on how you are installing. is it via a tar.gz file or rpm or some other method. There are a bunch of ways to get flash.\n\n<pre><code>Download link: https://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/\n\nInstallation instructions\n-------------------------\n\nInstalling using the plugin tar.gz:\n o Unpack the plugin tar.gz and copy the files to the appropriate location. \n o Save the plugin tar.gz locally and note the location the file was saved to.\n o Launch terminal and change directories to the location the file was saved to.\n o Unpack the tar.gz file. Once unpacked you will see the following:\n + libflashplayer.so\n + /usr\n o Identify the location of the browser plugins directory, based on your Linux distribution and Firefox version\n o Copy libflashplayer.so to the appropriate browser plugins directory. At the prompt type:\n + cp libflashlayer.so <BrowserPluginsLocation>\n o Copy the Flash Player Local Settings configurations files to the /usr directory. At the prompt type:\n + sudo cp -r usr/* /usr\n\nInstalling the plugin using RPM:\n o As root, enter in terminal:\n + # rpm -Uvh <rpm_package_file>\n + Click Enter key and follow prompts\n\nInstalling the standalone player:\n o Unpack the tar.gz file\n o To execute the standalone player,\n + Double-click, or \n + Enter in terminal: ./flashplayer\n</code></pre>\n\nBonus:\n\n<pre><code>Uninstallation instructions\n---------------------------\n\nManual uninstallation (for users who installed the plugin via Install script):\n o Delete libflashplayer.so binary and flashplayer.xpt file in \n directory /home/<user>/.mozilla/plugins/\n\nRPM uninstallation:\n o As root, enter in terminal:\n + # rpm -e flash-plugin\n + Click Enter key and follow prompts\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2015-05-02T01:59:49.973", "id": "617143", "lastActivityDate": "2015-05-02T01:59:49.973", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "348876", "parentId": "11", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Flash videos wouldn't play on a fresh Ubuntu 14.04 install, even with <code>adobe-flashplugin</code> from the \"partner\" repository — got black screen on youtube (except after having <a href=\"https://www.youtube.com/html5\" rel=\"nofollow\">setting it to use HTML5</a>), dailymotion, etc.. Installing <a href=\"http://www.webupd8.org/2014/05/install-fresh-player-plugin-in-ubuntu.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">freshplayerplugin</a> (apparently a wrapper for Chrome's flash player) solved the issue :\n\n<pre><code>sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8\nsudo apt-get update\nsudo apt-get install freshplayerplugin\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2015-09-12T20:58:12.313", "id": "974051", "postId": "664430", "score": "0", "text": "Note that a few days ago I ran into issues and this time it was reinstalling adobe-flashplugin that helped…", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "136964" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2015-08-22T07:33:13.713", "id": "664430", "lastActivityDate": "2015-08-22T07:33:13.713", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "136964", "parentId": "11", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I checked many answers on this topic in the past week. Finally I found a link with a solution that DOES work:\n\n<a href=\"https://ubuntu-mate.community/t/tutorial-flash-player-for-chromium-and-firefox/3598\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">https://ubuntu-mate.community/t/tutorial-flash-player-for-chromium-and-firefox/3598</a> \n\nBasically, the answer is that it seems to be removed from all software sources and you need to download an old version and install it manually \n", "commentCount": "6", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2017-04-12T14:50:46.587", "id": "1418139", "postId": "903997", "score": "0", "text": "Wrong conclusion. [This page](https://help.ubuntu.com/17.04/ubuntu-help/net-install-flash.html) provides updated info about Flash on Ubuntu.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "159370" }, { "creationDate": "2017-04-12T15:14:31.763", "id": "1418167", "postId": "903997", "score": "0", "text": "I also tried THAT, does not work! However, I received a private message with a link that DOES work: https://ubuntu-mate.community/t/tutorial-flash-player-for-chromium-and-firefox/3598", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "677359" }, { "creationDate": "2017-04-12T15:23:04.720", "id": "1418176", "postId": "903997", "score": "0", "text": "any way, you are right and I have adapted the post with the link I received in reaction to my earlier answer", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "677359" }, { "creationDate": "2017-04-12T15:27:32.173", "id": "1418178", "postId": "903997", "score": "0", "text": "Good that you made it work. However, what you write makes me confused. AFAIK there is no need to download an old version of anything.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "159370" }, { "creationDate": "2017-04-12T18:59:15.873", "id": "1418342", "postId": "903997", "score": "0", "text": "Well, I have been trying for the last two weeks and NONE of the repositories associated with Ubuntu seem to carry the flashplugin anymore. This is after many many hours of trying EVERYTHING I could find on the internet, the only thing that I was able to get to work in Ubuntu 16.0.4LTS....", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "677359" }, { "creationDate": "2017-04-12T20:06:59.757", "id": "1418426", "postId": "903997", "score": "0", "text": "The problem with various pages on internet (including Ask Ubuntu) is that most of them are obsolete with respect to Flash. Things have changed rapidly the past few months, and the page I pointed at should be accurate and up-to-date. I'd be happy to guide you, but in that case you'd better ask an own new question. Maybe unnecessary, considering that you solved the problem....", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "159370" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2017-04-12T14:33:19.700", "id": "903997", "lastActivityDate": "2017-04-12T15:18:48.983", "lastEditDate": "2017-04-12T15:18:48.983", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "677359", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "677359", "parentId": "11", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<blockquote>\n Linux is not supporting Adobe Flash Player in its store anymore.Therefore you have to do it manually.\n</blockquote>\n\n<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/YkMyA.png\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/YkMyA.png\" alt=\"adobe flash player\"></a>\n\n<blockquote>\n This is only verified on Firefox also if you have Chrome/Chromium you don't have to install it.\n</blockquote>\n\n<h3> There is a procedure of Manual Installation of Adobe Flash Player on Ubuntu, follow these steps :- </h3>\n\n<ol>\n<li>Open <a href=\"http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">this link</a>. It will automatically suggest you a version according to your desktop environment.</li>\n<li>Select <code>.tar.gz for Linux</code> option as shown in below screen-shot.\n\n<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/4fZpI.png\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/4fZpI.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\"></a></li>\n<li>Now click on Download Button (Select the downloading path as Downloads in your system for easy access).</li>\n<li>Now extract file by <code>Right clicking</code> on folder and selecting <code>Extract Here</code> option.\n\n<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/FqQyT.png\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/FqQyT.png\" alt=\"file in downloads folder\"></a></li>\n<li>Open Terminal <code>CTRL+ALT+T</code> and copy below command one by one\n\n5.1. <code>cd ../</code>\n\n5.2. <code>cd your-pc-name</code> (eg; paper96)\n\n5.3. <code>cd Downloads</code> (this is the folder where you have downloaded the file in Option 3).\n\n5.4. <code>cd flash_player_npapi_linux.x86_64</code> (Your file name may be different just copy name of file and paste it in terminal)\n\n5.5. <code>sudo mv libflashplayer.so \\/usr/lib/firefox-addons/plugins</code> hit enter and thats it.\n\n<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/5oAHm.png\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/5oAHm.png\" alt=\"terminal commands\"></a> </li>\n<li>Now close your browser(Firefox) and Terminal.</li>\n<li>Restart Firefox and now you have Flash Player in your browser. Visit <a href=\"http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/about/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">this link</a> to verify.\n\n<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/2Dw5S.png\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/2Dw5S.png\" alt=\"new version of flash player\"></a></li>\n</ol>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2017-07-17T07:52:27.090", "id": "936903", "lastActivityDate": "2017-07-17T07:52:27.090", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "620944", "parentId": "11", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" } ]

null

14

1

31

2010-07-28T19:29:16.907

35

1817

I'd like to have Ubuntu not check for updates as often. How do I accomplish this?

39

2010-07-28T20:43:11.223

2012-04-09T07:59:50.883

How can I make Ubuntu check for updates less often?

[ "updates" ]

4

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "<h3>For 10.10 and earlier versions (and 11.04, in an Ubuntu Classic session)</h3>\nOpen Update Manager (System > Administration > Update Manager).\nOn the Updates tab, there's a drop down box for "Check for updates:", with options for Daily, every two days, weekly or every two weeks.\nOr you can turn it off and just check manually whenever you want.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:41:23.820", "id": "21", "postId": "31", "score": "0", "text": "I think you meant \"Software Sources\", not \"Update Manager\"", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "12" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:36:09.900", "id": "31", "lastActivityDate": "2012-02-16T23:29:58.980", "lastEditDate": "2020-06-12T14:37:07.210", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "77", "parentId": "14", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "24" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "System -> Administration -> Software Sources -> Updates (tab) -> Check for updates: [Daily | Every two days | Weekly | Every two weeks]\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:35:50.167", "id": "30", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T19:54:36.283", "lastEditDate": "2010-07-28T19:54:36.283", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "9", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "9", "parentId": "14", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "<h3>For 10.10 and earlier versions (and 11.04, in an Ubuntu Classic session)</h3>\nOpen Update Manager (System > Administration > Update Manager).\nOn the Updates tab, there's a drop down box for "Check for updates:", with options for Daily, every two days, weekly or every two weeks.\nOr you can turn it off and just check manually whenever you want.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:41:23.820", "id": "21", "postId": "31", "score": "0", "text": "I think you meant \"Software Sources\", not \"Update Manager\"", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "12" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:36:09.900", "id": "31", "lastActivityDate": "2012-02-16T23:29:58.980", "lastEditDate": "2020-06-12T14:37:07.210", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "77", "parentId": "14", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "24" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "And if I want to check monthly?\nWhere are stored this settings?\n\nI don't see this on /etc/update-manager\n\n<hr>\n\nOk, now I've found this meaning file in Ubuntu 10.10:\n/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/10periodic\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2011-02-03T13:37:41.240", "id": "24607", "lastActivityDate": "2011-02-03T13:46:43.853", "lastEditDate": "2011-02-03T13:46:43.853", "lastEditorDisplayName": "user10155", "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": "user10155", "ownerUserId": null, "parentId": "14", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<h2>For 11.04 and higher</h2>\n\n<ol>\n<li>Start System settings.\nEither search for it in dash or click on the gear in the top right corner. \n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/KaJpi.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\"></li>\n<li>click on Software sources\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/b6vYK.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\"></li>\n<li>Choose updates\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/EHAtL.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\"></li>\n<li>now choose how often you want to check for updates.\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/Sgcnt.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\"></li>\n</ol>\n\n<h2>For people in a hurry!</h2>\n\nPress <kbd>Alt</kbd>+<kbd>F2</kbd> and search as shown and click <code>software-properties-gtk</code>, then jump to step 3.\n\nOR open a terminal <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>Alt</kbd>+<kbd>T</kbd>, and type <code>software-properties-gtk</code>, then jump to step 3.\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/IBezt.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\">\n\n<h2>Via the Ubuntu software center</h2>\n\nIf you are more comfortable with using the USC then you could open it, and click on edit and then at the bottom software sources. Now just go to step 3. \n", "commentCount": "4", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2012-02-14T21:16:00.887", "id": "120550", "postId": "104242", "score": "4", "text": "oooooooo..... arrows....", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "34049" }, { "creationDate": "2012-02-15T17:10:01.450", "id": "120833", "postId": "104242", "score": "1", "text": "Hey Alvar not fair. You are using the old \"arrow pointing to answer\" trick.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "7035" }, { "creationDate": "2012-02-17T16:10:44.687", "id": "121646", "postId": "104242", "score": "0", "text": "I find it very confusing that your arrows change color throughout the tutorial. What is the significance of the red over the blue? You should add a disclaimer outlining this information. :P", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "34049" }, { "creationDate": "2012-02-17T16:20:02.077", "id": "121653", "postId": "104242", "score": "0", "text": "@rlemon I actually edited the arrows from the fourth one to the first one and when I got there I realized that a blue arrow on a blue background wouldn't look that great, so I made it red. It's of no significant of any sort. :)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "10698" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-02-14T21:14:10.940", "id": "104242", "lastActivityDate": "2012-04-09T07:59:50.883", "lastEditDate": "2012-04-09T07:59:50.883", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "866", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "10698", "parentId": "14", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "30" } ]

null

15

1

null

2010-07-28T19:29:17.233

9

1834

I've followed the steps outlined in this <a href="http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1493143" rel="noreferrer">HowTo</a>. Right after I log in to Gnome I can move the mouse back and forth but as soon as the task bar loads, the mouse becomes jailed in the screen its in (can't move between screens). This is my xorg.conf: <pre><code> Section "ServerLayout" Identifier "Layout0" Screen 0 "DisplayLinkScreen" 0 0 Screen 1 "Screen0" LeftOf "DisplayLinkScreen" InputDevice "Keyboard0" "CoreKeyboard" InputDevice "Mouse0" "CorePointer" Option "Xinerama" "0" #Could not get this to work it has to be disable EndSection Section "Files" ModulePath "/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules/drivers" ModulePath "/usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers" ModulePath "/usr/local/lib" ModulePath "/usr/lib/xorg/modules" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/misc" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/cyrillic" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/:unscaled" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/:unscaled" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi" FontPath "/var/lib/defoma/x-ttcidfont-conf.d/dirs/TrueType" FontPath "built-ins" EndSection Section "Module" Load "dbe" Load "dri" Load "dri2" Load "extmod" Load "glx" Load "record" EndSection Section "InputDevice" Identifier "Keyboard0" Driver "kbd" EndSection Section "InputDevice" Identifier "Mouse0" Driver "mouse" Option "Protocol" "auto" Option "Device" "/dev/psaux" # Option "Device" "/dev/input/mice" Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6 7" EndSection Section "Monitor" Identifier "Monitor0" VendorName "Monitor Vendor" ModelName "Monitor Model" EndSection Section "Device" ### Available Driver options are:- ### Values: : integer, <f>: float, <bool>: "True"/"False", ### <string>: "String", <freq>: "<f> Hz/kHz/MHz" ### [arg]: arg optional #Option "NoAccel" # [<bool>] #Option "SWcursor" # [<bool>] #Option "ColorKey" # #Option "CacheLines" # #Option "Dac6Bit" # [<bool>] #Option "DRI" # [<bool>] #Option "NoDDC" # [<bool>] #Option "ShowCache" # [<bool>] #Option "XvMCSurfaces" # #Option "PageFlip" # [<bool>] Identifier "Card0" Driver "intel" VendorName "Intel Corporation" BoardName "Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller" BusID "PCI:0:2:0" Option "DPMS" EndSection Section "Screen" Identifier "Screen0" Device "Card0" Monitor "Monitor0" SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Depth 1 EndSubSection SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Depth 4 EndSubSection SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Depth 8 EndSubSection SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Depth 15 EndSubSection SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Depth 16 EndSubSection SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Depth 24 EndSubSection EndSection Section "Monitor" Identifier "DisplayLinkMonitor" EndSection Section "Device" Identifier "DisplayLinkDevice" Driver "displaylink" Option "fbdev" "/dev/fb0" EndSection Section "Screen" Identifier "DisplayLinkScreen" Device "DisplayLinkDevice" Monitor "DisplayLinkMonitor" SubSection "Display" Depth 24 Modes "1920x1200" "1920x1080" "1680x1050" "1600x1200" "1440x900" "1366x768" "1280x1024" "1280x960" "1280x800" "1280x768" "1152x864" "1024x768" "800x600" "640x480" EndSubSection EndSection </code></pre> Any help would be appreciated. I'm so close to getting this to work!

71

75762

2012-07-14T10:58:08.943

2016-12-30T17:55:08.803

What might prevent mouse movements between xrandr screens?

[ "10.04", "mouse", "xrandr", "displaylink" ]

3

1

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2010-08-03T01:16:24.050", "id": "687", "postId": "15", "score": "0", "text": "@Tim\n\nGood luck my friend. I still haven't gotten it to work. Hopefully the driver gods will smile upon you.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "71" } ]

null

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "My best guess here is that the position of the right screen is causing the problems. You could try modifying the ServerLayout section like this:\n\n<pre><code>Section \"ServerLayout\"\n Identifier \"Layout0\"\n Screen 0 \"Screen0\" 0 0\n Screen 1 \"DisplayLinkScreen\" RightOf \"Screen0\"\n InputDevice \"Keyboard0\" \"CoreKeyboard\"\n InputDevice \"Mouse0\" \"CorePointer\"\n Option \"Xinerama\" \"0\"\nEndSection\n</code></pre>\n\nOr if you really want the DisplayLinkScreen to be the primary screen, modify it so that the coordinates match the resolution of Screen0. For example Screen0 has resolution 1900x1200:\n\n<pre><code>Section \"ServerLayout\"\n Identifier \"Layout0\"\n Screen 0 \"DisplayLinkScreen\" 1900 0\n Screen 1 \"Screen0\" LeftOf \"DisplayLinkScreen\"\n InputDevice \"Keyboard0\" \"CoreKeyboard\"\n InputDevice \"Mouse0\" \"CorePointer\"\n Option \"Xinerama\" \"0\"\nEndSection\n</code></pre>\n\nAnother possible location for the problems could be in RandR configuration which gets loaded during gnome startup. You can completely reset the RandR configuration by deleting <code>~/.config/monitors.xml</code>.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-30T14:42:29.333", "id": "498", "lastActivityDate": "2016-12-30T17:54:19.297", "lastEditDate": "2016-12-30T17:54:19.297", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "134729", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "42", "parentId": "15", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "You've got two different graphics devices, one with -intel, one with -displayport, and want to stitch them together so the mouse moves seamlessly across them. Xinerama is what stitches multiple screens together, so you need that enabled.\n\nHowever, Xinerama mode for -intel is not really that well supported (should be getting better though). Maybe you'll be lucky with it, but as far as I know it's not expected that this should work.\n\nYou probably can get it to work if you use the -nvidia proprietary binary driver though.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-08-08T07:23:14.817", "id": "1651", "lastActivityDate": "2016-12-30T17:55:08.803", "lastEditDate": "2016-12-30T17:55:08.803", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "134729", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "913", "parentId": "15", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I found a tool <a href=\"http://digamma.cs.unm.edu/trac.dmohr/wiki/DualscreenMouseUtils\" rel=\"nofollow\">here</a> that automatically wraps the mouse between separated screens.\n\nIt worked for me when I had trouble getting the mouse to move between screens.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-10-14T21:18:14.240", "id": "7300", "lastActivityDate": "2010-10-14T21:18:14.240", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5", "parentId": "15", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" } ]

null

0

2013-03-14T16:21:49.323

null

16

1

79

2010-07-28T19:30:10.117

17

1235

<a href="http://sagemath.org/download-linux.html" rel="nofollow">Sage's installation instructions</a> basically tell me to just untar it and run it from wherever I'd like. Not being experienced with the Linux way of where things should go in the filesystem, I'm kind of at a loss where I should best put it. Putting it somewhere in my home directory feels wrong. Where would you extract it to? <code>/opt</code>?

20

367165

2015-12-14T14:12:11.340

Where should I install sagemath?

[ "software-installation" ]

3

0

CC BY-SA 3.0

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "The Linux <a href=\"http://www.pathname.com/fhs/pub/fhs-2.3.html\">Filesystem Hierarchy Standard</a> that is part of the Linux Standard Base recommends to use /opt. I have only had good experience with that. Many commercial packages go into opt as well and stay to their own folder in there. \n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:03:01.537", "id": "79", "lastActivityDate": "2013-03-29T04:16:14.047", "lastEditDate": "2013-03-29T04:16:14.047", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "65926", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "103", "parentId": "16", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "14" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "/opt is a viable option. Some people install it under /usr/local/\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:36:59.773", "id": "13", "postId": "23", "score": "0", "text": "Using /opt helps me keep track of the applications I've installed myself.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "10" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:32:26.087", "id": "23", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T19:32:26.087", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "4", "parentId": "16", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "7" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "The Linux <a href=\"http://www.pathname.com/fhs/pub/fhs-2.3.html\">Filesystem Hierarchy Standard</a> that is part of the Linux Standard Base recommends to use /opt. I have only had good experience with that. Many commercial packages go into opt as well and stay to their own folder in there. \n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:03:01.537", "id": "79", "lastActivityDate": "2013-03-29T04:16:14.047", "lastEditDate": "2013-03-29T04:16:14.047", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "65926", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "103", "parentId": "16", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "14" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I use SAGEMATH too. \nActually, you can put it anywhere you like.\nI usually just put it in my home foler. Exp, '~/Softwares/SAGE'.\nAnd of course, you can make some links for convinence.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2013-03-29T05:25:49.437", "id": "275698", "lastActivityDate": "2013-03-29T05:25:49.437", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "124835", "parentId": "16", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" } ]

null

24

1

65

2010-07-28T19:32:26.087

15

1169

In the upper right panel there is by default a drop down menu where you can set your online status, interact with Ubuntu One, etc. It is placed right next to the drop down menu which lets you logout, reboot, shutdown etc. For me personally I have no use for the online status menu, so I usually remove it. The problem is that it seems to belong to the same panel applet as the actually wanted logout menu, since that menu too disappears. I believe we are talking about the "Indicator Applet Session". Is there some way I can hide or disable the online status menu, but still keep the neighboring logout menu? I am running Ubuntu 10.04.

24

235

2010-10-24T13:16:15.010

Remove online status menu, but keep the logout menu?

[ "10.04", "indicator", "panel", "applet" ]

1

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Open the \"Ubuntu Software Center\" (under the Applications menu). Search for \"indicator-me\" and remove it. Log out and back in to see the change.\n\nThis will remove it for all users on your system. I don't believe there's a way to merely hide it for yourself.\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:58:18.960", "id": "54", "postId": "65", "score": "0", "text": "Yes, removing the package indicator-me gave me exactly the panel I wanted. Thanks!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "24" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-01T17:02:43.353", "id": "629", "postId": "65", "score": "5", "text": "Just for completeness, if you want to remove the \"chat\" option from the applet, you need to remove the package indicator-messages.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "133" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:52:47.473", "id": "65", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T19:52:47.473", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "12", "parentId": "24", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "9" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "Open the \"Ubuntu Software Center\" (under the Applications menu). Search for \"indicator-me\" and remove it. Log out and back in to see the change.\n\nThis will remove it for all users on your system. I don't believe there's a way to merely hide it for yourself.\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:58:18.960", "id": "54", "postId": "65", "score": "0", "text": "Yes, removing the package indicator-me gave me exactly the panel I wanted. Thanks!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "24" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-01T17:02:43.353", "id": "629", "postId": "65", "score": "5", "text": "Just for completeness, if you want to remove the \"chat\" option from the applet, you need to remove the package indicator-messages.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "133" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:52:47.473", "id": "65", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T19:52:47.473", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "12", "parentId": "24", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "9" } ]

null

28

1

39

2010-07-28T19:35:09.530

16

265

I'm using Hardy (server) on quite a few machines and I'd like to upgrade to the latest LTS. Is it safe to edit my <code>sources.list</code> file to just point to the new LTS, or should I do a succession of dist upgrades until I reach the latest LTS?

50

null

2012-05-18T12:37:08.610

Sane path to distribution upgrades

[ "upgrade", "lts" ]

2

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "No. You should never just edit <code>sources.list</code>. Use the update-manager, or if you use command line, use <code>do-release-upgrade</code>. You can upgrade safely from LTS editions to other LTS editions, or otherwise, you need to step via each release. Only those pathways are supported, and prevent some issues that can otherwise occur with improper upgrades.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:40:21.497", "id": "39", "lastActivityDate": "2012-05-18T12:37:08.610", "lastEditDate": "2012-05-18T12:37:08.610", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "54298", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "4", "parentId": "28", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "11" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "No. You should never just edit <code>sources.list</code>. Use the update-manager, or if you use command line, use <code>do-release-upgrade</code>. You can upgrade safely from LTS editions to other LTS editions, or otherwise, you need to step via each release. Only those pathways are supported, and prevent some issues that can otherwise occur with improper upgrades.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:40:21.497", "id": "39", "lastActivityDate": "2012-05-18T12:37:08.610", "lastEditDate": "2012-05-18T12:37:08.610", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "54298", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "4", "parentId": "28", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "11" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I believe you can upgrade directly from LTS to LTS, see e.g. <a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LucidUpgrades\">https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LucidUpgrades</a>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:40:38.843", "id": "40", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T19:40:38.843", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "75", "parentId": "28", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "7" } ]

null

33

1

44

2010-07-28T19:37:07.560

24

9076

We have installed Ubuntu desktop edition on our development server. Now that we have it in a data center we would like to strip it down to a server edition. Is there an easy way of doing so rather than just going in and uninstalling packages by hand?

82

67335

2014-08-05T03:42:40.063

2019-06-03T21:32:08.910

What is the easiest way to strip a desktop edition to a server edition?

[ "server" ]

4

2

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2012-05-05T20:23:09.667", "id": "157429", "postId": "33", "score": "2", "text": "Re-installing is best: the server CD has kernel params set that the desktop is lacking (you can get them ofcourse with the desktop too but it is more work then a re-install ;))", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "15811" }, { "creationDate": "2012-07-30T10:53:04.110", "id": "209027", "postId": "33", "score": "0", "text": "Also, one should remove x11 cruft too afterwards with sudo apt-get remove x11*", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "80231" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "It's possible to do it the other way around, but I've never seen anyone who was able to do this simply by installing a metapackage or something.\n\nYour best bet is either:\n\n<ul>\n<li>a clean install</li>\n<li>manually removing unneeded packages and installing the server components you need</li>\n</ul>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T01:48:21.860", "id": "182", "postId": "44", "score": "1", "text": "A clean install is the way to go, but if you want to manually remove packages, run \ndpkg --get-selections \"*\" >~/applications.txt\nand delete what you know you don't need.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "189" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:41:46.753", "id": "44", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T19:41:46.753", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5", "parentId": "33", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "15" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "It's possible to do it the other way around, but I've never seen anyone who was able to do this simply by installing a metapackage or something.\n\nYour best bet is either:\n\n<ul>\n<li>a clean install</li>\n<li>manually removing unneeded packages and installing the server components you need</li>\n</ul>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T01:48:21.860", "id": "182", "postId": "44", "score": "1", "text": "A clean install is the way to go, but if you want to manually remove packages, run \ndpkg --get-selections \"*\" >~/applications.txt\nand delete what you know you don't need.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "189" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:41:46.753", "id": "44", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T19:41:46.753", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5", "parentId": "33", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "15" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "You can remove <code>ubuntu-desktop</code> and simultaneously auto-remove all its orphaned dependants:\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get autoremove ubuntu-desktop\n</code></pre>\n\nAdd the <code>--purge</code> option if you also want to remove the configuration of the affected packages (and not keep it for possible later reinstallation).\n\nIf you have any other Desktop remove them as well. if you reboot after this you should have no GUI to log into. If you purge a program rather than just removing it you also remove any config files that may remain. \n\nAs Rinzwind suggests try <code>sudo apt-get remove gnome-*</code>.\n\nBefore Ubuntu 16.04 it also provides a special kernel package for server installations, <code>linux-image-server</code>:\n\n<ul>\n<li><code>sudo apt-get install linux-image-server</code> and reboot.</li>\n</ul>\n\nThen I suggest you install the server applications you want, like <code>ssh-server</code>.\n\n<hr>\n\nBut as always it's better to make a clean install. It gives less risk of errors and broken packages. \n", "commentCount": "9", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2012-05-05T19:00:59.583", "id": "157389", "postId": "132222", "score": "1", "text": "Well I removed `ubuntu-desktop`, but it did nothing, since no packages depends on it. I then removed all the packages that `ubuntu-desktop` depends on, which works better, but it still leaves a bit of a mess with packages like `unity-common`, `gedit-common`, etc.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2071" }, { "creationDate": "2012-05-05T20:25:23.573", "id": "157432", "postId": "132222", "score": "0", "text": "@BartvanHeukelom well, did you `purge` it or just `remove` it? edited the question.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "10698" }, { "creationDate": "2012-05-05T20:27:31.893", "id": "157433", "postId": "132222", "score": "1", "text": "iirc `sudo apt-get remove gnome-*` would take care of most packages. Unity should be removed alongside this (cuz of dependencies). (needs confirmation though since I tend to not do this)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "15811" }, { "creationDate": "2012-05-07T08:49:16.897", "id": "158242", "postId": "132222", "score": "0", "text": "I removed it (accidentally), didn't purge, but AFAIK that shouldn't matter regarding dependencies.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2071" }, { "creationDate": "2012-05-07T09:19:12.067", "id": "158280", "postId": "132222", "score": "0", "text": "@BartVanHeukelom did you try Rinzwind's command? `sudo apt-get remove gnome-*`?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "10698" }, { "creationDate": "2012-05-07T13:17:05.800", "id": "158436", "postId": "132222", "score": "0", "text": "I already removed all gnome packages pseudo-manually before it was posted. Anyway, I seem to have broken the system now, so I'm just going to reinstall with the server version :P", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2071" }, { "creationDate": "2012-05-07T16:12:30.303", "id": "158560", "postId": "132222", "score": "0", "text": "@BartVanHeukelom it's always better to make a fresh install. everything will go smoother and less risk of getting a broken install. But I understand, people are lazy, so am I...", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "10698" }, { "creationDate": "2012-05-29T19:24:01.340", "id": "172690", "postId": "132222", "score": "0", "text": "@Bart @Rinzwind @Alvar when I try to `remove gnome-*`, apt-get notifies that it is about to install a whole set of new packages, including *kde* (!) as a result. Could it be that the installation insists on having either gnome or kde?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "65811" }, { "creationDate": "2014-01-02T12:37:39.583", "id": "511451", "postId": "132222", "score": "2", "text": "Since 12.04, there is no difference in kernel between Ubuntu Desktop and Ubuntu Server since linux-image-server is merged into linux-image-generic. (from Ubuntu ServerFaq)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "79344" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2012-05-05T17:26:29.367", "id": "132222", "lastActivityDate": "2018-07-27T09:49:05.607", "lastEditDate": "2018-07-27T09:49:05.607", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "175814", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "10698", "parentId": "33", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "13" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Note: as stated in comments, tasksel should only be used to install tasks, not remove them. In this specific task (remove desktop -> install server) it seems to work fine. So use it with caution. \n\n<hr>\n\nYou can try tasksel. With it, you can do what you want by selecting Basic Ubuntu Server and unchecking Ubuntu desktop.\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install tasksel\n</code></pre>\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/udpnA.png\" alt=\"tasksel screen\">\n", "commentCount": "5", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2012-05-29T20:01:47.417", "id": "172711", "postId": "132318", "score": "1", "text": "Can you or someone else confirm this works? You say try, but if it does work this is a great answer.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "8515" }, { "creationDate": "2012-05-29T20:12:18.333", "id": "172718", "postId": "132318", "score": "1", "text": "Excerpt from Ubuntu Tasksel page: WARNING: Use tasksel only to install tasks, never to remove any! According to https://launchpad.net/bugs/574287 it will remove each package in the list of that task (and possibly render your system unusable).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2639" }, { "creationDate": "2012-05-29T20:13:06.100", "id": "172719", "postId": "132318", "score": "0", "text": "As per above, I don't recommend you to use tasksel in your case.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2639" }, { "creationDate": "2012-05-30T10:27:31.710", "id": "173096", "postId": "132318", "score": "1", "text": "@djeikyb i tried this with ubuntu 9.10 and ubuntu 11.10, and both work (wubi install, remove desktop and installing \"server packages\"). In 11.10 there's a small glitch: the system boots but dont shows you the login prompt.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "33871" }, { "creationDate": "2012-05-30T10:40:39.723", "id": "173101", "postId": "132318", "score": "0", "text": "@AndrejsCainikovs i only used tasksel with this specific task (remove desktop -> install server) and in the systems i used it works. I will update the answer", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "33871" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2012-05-05T20:39:41.943", "id": "132318", "lastActivityDate": "2019-06-03T21:32:08.910", "lastEditDate": "2019-06-03T21:32:08.910", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "33871", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "33871", "parentId": "33", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "12" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "If you want to just not run the DM and WM on startup but keep the ability to run them at will you can run:\n\n<pre><code>sudo systemctl set-default runlevel3.target\n</code></pre>\n\nthen reboot.\n\nThe system will boot to runlevel 3 (init 3) which does not start the DM and WM and all the other stuff related to the desktop environment, but starts everything else. When the system boots into the tty1 terminal at the console, you can log in then\n\n<pre><code>sudo init 5\n</code></pre>\n\nto get to the desktop environment login.\n\nOn the ubuntu and xfce4 desktops I was testing with the GUI logout button hung my system. \nOn the ubuntu desktop, the power down and restart buttons worked fine; the xfce4 desktop only has a logout button.\n\nThe safe way to exit back to tty only is to open a terminal and run:\n\n<pre><code>sudo init 3\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2019-01-05T19:11:44.630", "id": "1107243", "lastActivityDate": "2019-01-05T19:11:44.630", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "910849", "parentId": "33", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" } ]

null

34

1

45

2010-07-28T19:37:14.843

132

64883

I set up a new VPS instance of Ubuntu and am wondering what the easiest way is to get up and running with a basic LAMP stack (i.e. which packages are required, which configuration options need to be tweaked, if any, etc.).

68

208574

2016-12-26T00:34:51.673

2019-09-09T13:20:29.110

What's the easiest way to set up a LAMP stack?

[ "software-installation", "lamp" ]

17

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "<pre><code>sudo apt-get update\nsudo apt-get install tasksel\nsudo tasksel install lamp-server\n</code></pre>\n\nIt will install all the basic LAMP stack for you, prompt for MySQL root password, etc.\n\nMore specifically it will install the following packages, and their dependencies.\n\n<pre><code>mysql-client-core-5.1 libwrap0 apache2 \nlibaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 tcpd \nlibapache2-mod-php5 apache2.2-common \napache2-utils php5-common \nlibaprutil1-ldap libaprutil1 \nphp5-mysql mysql-server-core-5.1 \nlibdbi-perl libplrpc-perl mysql-server \napache2.2-bin libdbd-mysql-perl \nlibhtml-template-perl \nlibnet-daemon-perl libapr1 \nmysql-server-5.1 libmysqlclient16 \nssl-cert apache2-mpm-prefork \nmysql-common mysql-client-5.1 \n</code></pre>\n\nYou might also want to take a peek at the <a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/12.04/serverguide/lamp-overview.html\">Ubuntu Server Guide</a>.\n", "commentCount": "5", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2013-07-21T15:15:01.587", "id": "410096", "postId": "45", "score": "3", "text": "You might want to consider APT tasks rather than `tasksel` to do this. See this: [Should I use tasksel, tasks in APT or install regular metapackages?](http://askubuntu.com/q/252056/88802)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "88802" }, { "creationDate": "2017-01-31T10:52:54.237", "id": "1366237", "postId": "45", "score": "0", "text": "@andol how to install phpmyadmin with this", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "638318" }, { "creationDate": "2019-01-27T10:20:56.717", "id": "1837875", "postId": "45", "score": "0", "text": "@andol `E: Package 'php5' has no installation candidate`,\n`E: Package 'libapache2-mod-php5' has no installation candidate`,\n`E: Unable to locate package libapache2-mod-auth-mysql` and \n`E: Package 'php5-mysql' has no installation candidate` How do I over come this?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "386179" }, { "creationDate": "2020-05-12T21:07:07.127", "id": "2086729", "postId": "45", "score": "0", "text": "The [Ubuntu Server Guide](https://help.ubuntu.com/12.04/serverguide/lamp-overview.html) page returns a 404. Is there a valid URL for it?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "640732" }, { "creationDate": "2020-06-02T10:11:50.683", "id": "2101333", "postId": "45", "score": "1", "text": "@MikeWaters https://ubuntu.com/server/docs/lamp-applications :)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "513442" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:41:59.903", "id": "45", "lastActivityDate": "2016-03-30T00:31:07.880", "lastEditDate": "2016-03-30T00:31:07.880", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "24", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "24", "parentId": "34", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "124" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "On commandline the simplest way is probably to use <a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Tasksel\">tasksel</a>:\n\n<pre><code>sudo tasksel install lamp-server\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:41:24.053", "id": "43", "lastActivityDate": "2013-06-14T20:03:13.950", "lastEditDate": "2013-06-14T20:03:13.950", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "62483", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "4", "parentId": "34", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "10" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "<pre><code>sudo apt-get update\nsudo apt-get install tasksel\nsudo tasksel install lamp-server\n</code></pre>\n\nIt will install all the basic LAMP stack for you, prompt for MySQL root password, etc.\n\nMore specifically it will install the following packages, and their dependencies.\n\n<pre><code>mysql-client-core-5.1 libwrap0 apache2 \nlibaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 tcpd \nlibapache2-mod-php5 apache2.2-common \napache2-utils php5-common \nlibaprutil1-ldap libaprutil1 \nphp5-mysql mysql-server-core-5.1 \nlibdbi-perl libplrpc-perl mysql-server \napache2.2-bin libdbd-mysql-perl \nlibhtml-template-perl \nlibnet-daemon-perl libapr1 \nmysql-server-5.1 libmysqlclient16 \nssl-cert apache2-mpm-prefork \nmysql-common mysql-client-5.1 \n</code></pre>\n\nYou might also want to take a peek at the <a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/12.04/serverguide/lamp-overview.html\">Ubuntu Server Guide</a>.\n", "commentCount": "5", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2013-07-21T15:15:01.587", "id": "410096", "postId": "45", "score": "3", "text": "You might want to consider APT tasks rather than `tasksel` to do this. See this: [Should I use tasksel, tasks in APT or install regular metapackages?](http://askubuntu.com/q/252056/88802)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "88802" }, { "creationDate": "2017-01-31T10:52:54.237", "id": "1366237", "postId": "45", "score": "0", "text": "@andol how to install phpmyadmin with this", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "638318" }, { "creationDate": "2019-01-27T10:20:56.717", "id": "1837875", "postId": "45", "score": "0", "text": "@andol `E: Package 'php5' has no installation candidate`,\n`E: Package 'libapache2-mod-php5' has no installation candidate`,\n`E: Unable to locate package libapache2-mod-auth-mysql` and \n`E: Package 'php5-mysql' has no installation candidate` How do I over come this?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "386179" }, { "creationDate": "2020-05-12T21:07:07.127", "id": "2086729", "postId": "45", "score": "0", "text": "The [Ubuntu Server Guide](https://help.ubuntu.com/12.04/serverguide/lamp-overview.html) page returns a 404. Is there a valid URL for it?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "640732" }, { "creationDate": "2020-06-02T10:11:50.683", "id": "2101333", "postId": "45", "score": "1", "text": "@MikeWaters https://ubuntu.com/server/docs/lamp-applications :)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "513442" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:41:59.903", "id": "45", "lastActivityDate": "2016-03-30T00:31:07.880", "lastEditDate": "2016-03-30T00:31:07.880", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "24", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "24", "parentId": "34", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "124" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I personally always find that installing the MySQL server and then PHPMyAdmin will install all the parts I need\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install mysql-server\n</code></pre>\n\n(doing this first means it asks for the root account password to be set in advance)\n\nthen\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install phpmyadmin\n</code></pre>\n\nIt also gives you all the tools you'll need to administrate your MySQL server once it's installed :)\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T08:55:15.287", "id": "303", "lastActivityDate": "2012-11-25T04:43:46.103", "lastEditDate": "2012-11-25T04:43:46.103", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "39372", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "212", "parentId": "34", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "11" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "In Synaptic, click edit and mark by task. Then select LAMP Server and hit apply. Done.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-31T06:25:02.037", "id": "507", "postId": "539", "score": "0", "text": "+1 for providing a slightly more GUI:ish solution, even if it's not necessarily available on a VPS.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "24" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-31T05:31:57.130", "id": "539", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-31T05:31:57.130", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "214", "parentId": "34", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "15" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<a href=\"http://www.apachefriends.org/en/xampp-linux.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://www.apachefriends.org/en/xampp-linux.html</a>\n\nIt has LAMP as well as phpmyadmin integrated along with perl modules. Installs in /opt/lampp so can be installed/removed easily...\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-20T17:35:08.207", "id": "2758", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-20T17:35:08.207", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "1543", "parentId": "34", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Try EHCP (easy hosting control panel) ...\n\nehcp installation on a clean server will do the dirty job for you ...\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-06-28T19:11:38.700", "id": "50989", "lastActivityDate": "2011-06-28T19:11:38.700", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "20818", "parentId": "34", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "-7" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "The packages are <code>apache2</code> and <code>libapache2-mod-php5</code>. php5 has a number of additional modules, you may need some. List them with <code>apt-cache search php5</code>\n\nTry revising your search or\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install apache2 libapache2-mod-php5\n</code></pre>\n\nEnable php5 with\n\n<pre><code>sudo a2enmod php5\n</code></pre>\n\nRestart apache\n\n<pre><code>sudo service apache2 restart\n</code></pre>\n\nThe following wiki pages can be very helpful if you are starting with apache.\n\n<a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ApacheMySQLPHP\" rel=\"nofollow\">https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ApacheMySQLPHP</a>\n\n<a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/11.10/serverguide/C/httpd.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">https://help.ubuntu.com/11.10/serverguide/C/httpd.html</a>\n\nNote- This answer was migrated from elsewhere. To add mysql install\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install mysql-server php5-mysql\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-01-18T22:00:17.913", "id": "96664", "lastActivityDate": "2012-01-18T22:40:28.020", "lastEditDate": "2012-01-18T22:40:28.020", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "35795", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "35795", "parentId": "34", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "The easiest way to install LAMP with PHPMyAdmin is using:\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install lamp-server^ phpmyadmin \n</code></pre>\n\nYou don't even need to install taskel. More details can be found <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20131216125617/http://linuxtray.com/install-lamp-ubuntu/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">here</a>, which gives this:\n\nTo access PHPMyAdmin, open terminal & type:\n\n<pre><code>sudo -H gedit /etc/apache2/apache2.conf\n</code></pre>\n\nAdd this line somewhere in that file:\n\n<pre><code>Include /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf \n</code></pre>\n\nFinally restart Apache using:\n\n<pre><code>/etc/init.d/apache2 restart\n</code></pre>\n\nor\n\n<pre><code>sudo service apache2 restart\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2013-07-21T15:14:09.863", "id": "410095", "postId": "181143", "score": "5", "text": "I'd recommend APT Tasks too. Note that the caret (`^`) is not a typo in this answer. See also: [Should I use tasksel, tasks in APT or install regular metapackages?](http://askubuntu.com/q/252056/88802)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "88802" }, { "creationDate": "2016-02-28T15:24:31.717", "id": "1100459", "postId": "181143", "score": "0", "text": "Whilst the usage of tasksel seems to be \"easier\", this should be the very easy way to do this task. This answer doesn't need other steps to do the job. Thank you!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "9598" }, { "creationDate": "2016-12-25T22:48:45.593", "id": "1335733", "postId": "181143", "score": "0", "text": "Your link is dead. This is a good reason why we should always include a brief summary of what is in a link.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "307523" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-08-27T21:44:56.250", "id": "181143", "lastActivityDate": "2017-12-05T19:20:16.820", "lastEditDate": "2017-12-05T19:20:16.820", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "527764", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "85965", "parentId": "34", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "29" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Install Apache\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install apache2\n</code></pre>\n\nInstall PHP\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install php5 libapache2-mod-php5\n</code></pre>\n\nAs fo 16.04, the number is dropped:\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install php libapache2-mod-php\n</code></pre>\n\nInstall MySQL\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install mysql-server\n</code></pre>\n\nInstall phpMyAdmin\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-auth-mysql php5-mysql phpmyadmin\n</code></pre>\n\nAs with the PHP installation, in 16.04, the number is dropped:\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-auth-mysql php-mysql phpmyadmin\n</code></pre>\n\nCombined installation\n\n16.04:\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install apache2 php libapache2-mod-php mysql-server libapache2-mod-auth-mysql php-mysql phpmyadmin\n</code></pre>\n\nBefore 16.04:\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install apache2 php5 libapache2-mod-php5 mysql-server libapache2-mod-auth-mysql php5-mysql phpmyadmin\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2016-06-26T00:52:49.363", "id": "1190217", "postId": "281137", "score": "0", "text": "Note: phpMyAdmin also requires packages php-gettext and php-mbstring", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "76902" }, { "creationDate": "2017-01-23T08:58:53.313", "id": "1359494", "postId": "281137", "score": "2", "text": "according to http://stackoverflow.com/a/21762418/3160597 `libapache2-mod-auth-mysql` is no longer needed in 16.04", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "348298" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2013-04-13T20:23:46.347", "id": "281137", "lastActivityDate": "2016-06-04T21:42:11.817", "lastEditDate": "2016-06-04T21:42:11.817", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "158442", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "149114", "parentId": "34", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "31" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "My Swiss Army knife command:\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install apache2 mysql-server mysql-client libapache2-mod-auth-mysql php5 php5-mysql libapache2-mod-php5 php5-mcrypt php5-curl php5-cli php5-gd phpmyadmin\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2014-09-03T15:19:37.607", "id": "519654", "lastActivityDate": "2018-02-06T05:21:56.213", "lastEditDate": "2018-02-06T05:21:56.213", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "158442", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "323310", "parentId": "34", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "You can install Bitnami lampstack.(Package containing all necessary sub packages of LAMP).\nFirst of all create an account in <a href=\"https://bitnami.com/stack/lamp\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">bitnami website</a> to download the bitnami-lampstack-5.5.30-1-linux-x64-installer.run file.\nThen copy the file to your desktop (for convenience ). To provide read and exicution permission, Open terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T).\nand type\n<pre><code>chmod 755 chmod 755 'location of bitnami-lampstack-5.5.30-1-linux-x64-installer.run\n</code></pre>\nBetter drag and drop the .run file from your desktop after typing <code>chmod 755</code>, press enter.\nNow double click on the .run file. It will guide you through the installation process.\nThank you.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2015-12-27T12:52:52.277", "id": "713868", "lastActivityDate": "2015-12-27T12:52:52.277", "lastEditDate": "2020-06-12T14:37:07.210", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": "user441517", "ownerUserId": null, "parentId": "34", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "PHP7.0 is standard on Ubuntu 16+\n\nHeres the rundown: \n\n<h1>1 As Always</h1>\n\n<pre><code> sudo apt-get update\n</code></pre>\n\n<h1>2 Install Apache2</h1>\n\n<pre><code> sudo apt-get install apache2\n</code></pre>\n\n<h1>3 Install mysql-server</h1>\n\n<pre><code> sudo apt-get install mysql-server\n</code></pre>\n\n<h1>4 Install PHP 7.0</h1>\n\n<pre><code> sudo apt-get install php7.0 libapache2-mod-php7.0 php7.0-mysql php7.0-curl php-mbstring php7.0-mbstring php-gettext php7.0-json php-xml\n sudo a2enmod php7.0\n</code></pre>\n\n<h1>5 Install phpmyadmin</h1>\n\n<pre><code> sudo apt-get install mcrypt\n sudo apt-get install phpmyadmin\n</code></pre>\n\nNote, you'll need to add <code>Include /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf</code> to the file you'll open with the following command. (<a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/55280/phpmyadmin-is-not-working-after-i-installed-it\">credit</a>)\n\n<pre><code> sudo gedit /etc/apache2/apache2.conf \n</code></pre>\n\n<h2>Optional</h2>\n\n<pre><code> sudo a2enmod rewrite\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2016-04-26T07:22:28.607", "id": "762958", "lastActivityDate": "2016-04-26T07:22:28.607", "lastEditDate": "2017-04-13T12:25:00.167", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "357970", "parentId": "34", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I have a script for this task: <a href=\"https://github.com/neurobin/lampi\" rel=\"nofollow\">lampi</a>\n\nUsage:\n\n<pre><code>sudo lampi -i -s -n example.com.local -dr ~/example-site\n</code></pre>\n\n<h2>What does it do:</h2>\n\n<ol>\n<li>Install the LAMP stack (<code>-i</code> flag)</li>\n<li>Setup and configure apache2, mysql, php, phpmyadmin</li>\n<li>Then set up a custom site named example.com.local (<code>-n</code> option)</li>\n<li>Set ~/example-site directory as it's document root (<code>-dr</code> option)</li>\n<li>Enable SSL (https) for this site (<code>-s</code> flag)</li>\n</ol>\n\nNow, the site can be accessed with <a href=\"http://example.com.local\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://example.com.local</a> or <a href=\"https://example.com.local\" rel=\"nofollow\">https://example.com.local</a>\n", "commentCount": "4", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2016-06-26T18:49:51.890", "id": "1190565", "postId": "791677", "score": "0", "text": "Unless you post the script here i can't see any use of this answer..", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "216503" }, { "creationDate": "2016-06-26T18:53:33.020", "id": "1190569", "postId": "791677", "score": "0", "text": "@heemayl : seriously? you want me to dump a ~350 line code here... If you are really interested, you should follow through the link and go to the github project page.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "393122" }, { "creationDate": "2016-06-26T18:56:43.233", "id": "1190570", "postId": "791677", "score": "0", "text": "Can you guarantee that the script won't be removed in the future? Again its link only answer AFAICS. Also you should give the link to github directly, any subtle advertising is highly discouraged..Perhaps you should go through the related meta posts first..", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "216503" }, { "creationDate": "2016-06-26T19:00:04.947", "id": "1190573", "postId": "791677", "score": "0", "text": "@heemayl : I agree on giving a direct link to github but not on it being a link only answer. I have put the code that needs to be run and explained well enough to follow through for anyone...", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "393122" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2016-06-26T18:19:51.180", "id": "791677", "lastActivityDate": "2016-06-26T18:58:40.337", "lastEditDate": "2016-06-26T18:58:40.337", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "393122", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "393122", "parentId": "34", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "If you are on Ubuntu 16, it is simple with one command:\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install apache2 mysql-server php libapache2-mod-php php-mcrypt php-mysql phpmyadmin\n</code></pre>\n\nAnd just follow the instruction on screen to enter password for mysql, phpmyadmin configuration\n\nYou can see more details on my blog <a href=\"http://tvivu.com/install-lamp-stack-ubuntu-16-04/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">http://tvivu.com/install-lamp-stack-ubuntu-16-04/</a> \n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2016-12-10T09:48:01.763", "id": "859066", "lastActivityDate": "2019-09-09T13:20:29.110", "lastEditDate": "2019-09-09T13:20:29.110", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "2770", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "629324", "parentId": "34", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Follow All Steps\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get update\nsudo apt-get install apache2\nsudo apt-get install mysql-server\nsudo apt install php7.0-cli\nsudo apt-get install phpmyadmin php-mbstring php-gettext\nsudo phpenmod mcrypt\nsudo phpenmod mbstring\nsudo systemctl restart apache2\nsudo apt-get update\n</code></pre>\n\n(Note If phpmyadmin is not working after Than Try this last three line code)\n\n<pre><code>gksu gedit /etc/apache2/apache2.conf\n/etc/init.d/apache2 restart\nsudo apt-get install gksu^C\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2017-02-06T23:17:24.047", "id": "880589", "lastActivityDate": "2017-02-07T00:57:36.983", "lastEditDate": "2017-02-07T00:57:36.983", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "354350", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "604980", "parentId": "34", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Open terminal\n\n<kbd>Ctrl</kbd> + <kbd>Alt</kbd> + <kbd>T</kbd>\n\nType\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt install synaptic\n</code></pre>\n\nThis will install synaptic on your system\n\nType\n\n<pre><code>sudo synaptic \n</code></pre>\n\nto open it.\n\n<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/ehTlC.png\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/ehTlC.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\"></a>\n\nGo to search box\n\n<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/fOzxn.png\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/fOzxn.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\"></a>\n\n<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/OxYmY.png\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/OxYmY.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\"></a>\n\nIn the search field type apache and click on Search button\n\n<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/dfvGC.png\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/dfvGC.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\"></a>\n\nThe following field appears\n\n<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/zR9CS.png\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/zR9CS.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\"></a>\n\nScroll down to Apache2 and select the box left to it.\n\n<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/BSpew.png\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/BSpew.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\"></a>\n\nClick on apply\n\n<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/sGCZD.png\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/sGCZD.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\"></a>\n\nSelect all dependencies and follow on screen instructions to install.\n\nIn a similar way install\n\nphp7.0 and mysql-server one by one\n\nDuring installation of mysql-server system asks for root password. Provide it.\n\nAfter everything is complete, close synaptic.\n\nNow open your browser and in the address bar type localhost and press <kbd>Enter</kbd>\n\nIf the following page appears\n\n<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/J1JTC.png\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/J1JTC.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\"></a>\n\nthen Apache2 installation is successfull\n\nIn terminal type\n\n<pre><code>apt install vim\ncd /var/www/html\nvim testphp.php\n</code></pre>\n\nPress\n\n<kbd>i</kbd>\n\nType\n\n<pre><code><?php phpinfo(); ?>\n</code></pre>\n\nPress\n\n<kbd>Esc</kbd> <kbd>:</kbd> <kbd>x</kbd> <kbd>Enter</kbd>\n\nGo to your browser and in the address bar type localhost/testphp.php\n\nIf the following page appears\n\n<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/AbICF.png\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/AbICF.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\"></a>\n\nThen php7.0 installation is successfull\n\nGo to terminal and type\n\n<pre><code>mysql --version\n</code></pre>\n\nIf you get the following prompt (version numbers for you system may be different):\n\n<pre><code>mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.18, for Linux (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper\n</code></pre>\n\nThen your mysql-server installation is successful.\n\nType\n\n<pre><code>mysql -u root -p\n</code></pre>\n\nYou will get:\n\n<pre><code>Enter password:\n</code></pre>\n\nGive the password.\n\nIf you get the following prompt\n\n<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/qgci6.png\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/qgci6.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\"></a> \n\nThen you are now successfully able to login\n\nType\n\n<pre><code>mysql> quit\n</code></pre>\n\nto logout.\n\nCongratulations, you now have a full working LAMP Stack\n\nOptional:\n\nYou can also install phpmyadmin using synaptic. During installation it will ask for default server to use. Select apache2. Follow other on screen instructions.\n\nThen open your browser and in the address bar type localhost/phpmyadmin\n\nThe following page appears\n\n<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/D7VQx.png\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/D7VQx.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\"></a>\n\nIn the username field type root and in the password field type the password for root user you have selected during mysql-server installation. \n\nClick on Go button.\n\nThe following page appears\n\n<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/0ePQb.png\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/0ePQb.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\"></a>\n\nNow you have successfully installed phpmyadmin on your system.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2017-05-05T03:34:08.263", "id": "912048", "lastActivityDate": "2017-05-05T03:34:08.263", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "492332", "parentId": "34", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I have a made an easy to use, <a href=\"https://gist.github.com/EmpireWorld/737fbb9f403d4dd66dee1364d866ba7e\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">simple bash script</a> that installs LAMP stack on your system automatically.\n\nJust run this command in your terminal to use the bash script:\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"lang-bsh prettyprint-override\"><code>wget --no-cache -O - https://gist.github.com/EmpireWorld/737fbb9f403d4dd66dee1364d866ba7e/raw/install-lamp.sh | bash\n</code></pre>\n\nAlso phpMyAdmin installation included in the gist.\n\n<a href=\"https://gist.github.com/EmpireWorld/737fbb9f403d4dd66dee1364d866ba7e\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">Check out the Gist</a>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2017-07-08T17:50:34.243", "id": "934306", "lastActivityDate": "2017-07-08T17:50:34.243", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "678368", "parentId": "34", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" } ]

null

36

1

68

2010-07-28T19:39:43.310

21

23377

We have installed Ubuntu desktop edition on our dev server. I was wondering if there is any noticeable performance loss compared to the server edition.

82

22949

2019-07-02T20:08:51.163

2022-02-22T04:03:44.930

What is the performance loss if you run Ubuntu desktop edition on a server machine?

[ "server", "performance" ]

7

2

CC BY-SA 4.0

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T01:06:13.643", "id": "178", "postId": "36", "score": "2", "text": "The answers you've got are right, but I also thought I'd note one thing: You say you're running a dev server -- for that particular case, a full GUI can actually be a very good thing, especially if the people managing it aren't experienced sysadmins.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "57" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-30T11:51:31.513", "id": "423", "postId": "36", "score": "0", "text": "very true, that was the reasons behind installing it. Now we are more comfortable using a terminal so we don't really need the desktop layer.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "82" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "As far as I know, there is no performance lost as far as overhead and whatnot. It mostly depends on what you have installed. You can turn desktop Ubuntu into server Ubuntu by installing the same security/monitoring/visualization programs. The server edition just comes with a better set of pre-installed packages suited to a secure, easily maintained server.\n\nEither way, I would recommend NOT installing X server and a desktop environment (GNOME, KDE, etc). This reduces boot time and memory/CPU usage.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2018-09-30T00:18:26.780", "id": "1773716", "postId": "68", "score": "1", "text": "Having GUI on servers increases attack vector, too.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "295286" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:54:05.897", "id": "68", "lastActivityDate": "2019-07-02T20:11:45.487", "lastEditDate": "2019-07-02T20:11:45.487", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "22949", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "91", "parentId": "36", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "21" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "As far as I know, there is no performance lost as far as overhead and whatnot. It mostly depends on what you have installed. You can turn desktop Ubuntu into server Ubuntu by installing the same security/monitoring/visualization programs. The server edition just comes with a better set of pre-installed packages suited to a secure, easily maintained server.\n\nEither way, I would recommend NOT installing X server and a desktop environment (GNOME, KDE, etc). This reduces boot time and memory/CPU usage.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2018-09-30T00:18:26.780", "id": "1773716", "postId": "68", "score": "1", "text": "Having GUI on servers increases attack vector, too.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "295286" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:54:05.897", "id": "68", "lastActivityDate": "2019-07-02T20:11:45.487", "lastEditDate": "2019-07-02T20:11:45.487", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "22949", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "91", "parentId": "36", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "21" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "The significant performance factor in Ubuntu Desktop is the inclusion of Gnome. Ubuntu Desktop is fine for a server (although a more lightweight desktop environment may be desired), but if you do not need a graphical environment, Ubuntu Server would be preferable.\n\nThis is not strictly performance related, but Ubuntu Desktop also contains several packages which would simply not be useful in a server environment, such as OpenOffice and GIMP. These can always be removed however.\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:19:44.883", "id": "79", "postId": "78", "score": "0", "text": "GIMP is no longer included in Ubuntu Desktop edition. Your point is still valid, though. :)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "35" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:35:16.733", "id": "92", "postId": "78", "score": "0", "text": "oh really? hmm I guess I'm out of the loop.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "10" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:02:55.623", "id": "78", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:02:55.623", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "10", "parentId": "36", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Beyond the fact that an X server is running on the machine (and things like ubuntu-one-client once a user is logged in locally), there's really no difference nor performance impact.\n\nThere isn't a \"server\" version and a \"desktop\" version of Ubuntu where one magically limits the number of connections you can have to a machine (like some other \"workstation\" and \"server\" operating systems of years past).\n\nThe different install flavors are simply a different set of starting packages.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T01:02:53.883", "id": "238", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T01:02:53.883", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "186", "parentId": "36", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Almost all of the difference between Ubuntu Desktop and Ubuntu Server is in the default set of packages installed.\n\nThe only real code difference is in the kernel package - the <code>linux-image-*-server</code> packages have a slightly different kernel configuration to the desktop kernels. Such kernel options include enabling PAE mode (for accessing > 4GiB memory on 32bit systems) and changing the default pre-emption level (which prioritises CPU throughput over task latency).\n\nThese won't generally have a major performance impact.\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-11-17T18:06:20.083", "id": "14217", "postId": "246", "score": "0", "text": "You can switch between them on an already-running system.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "186" }, { "creationDate": "2015-11-29T13:49:35.560", "id": "1033268", "postId": "246", "score": "1", "text": "Kernel is same in both installations since version 12.04 https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ServerFaq#What.27s_the_difference_between_the_kernels_linux-image-server_and_linux-image-generic.3F_What_architecture_is_linux-image-server.3F_Which_one_should_I_use.3F", "userDisplayName": "user405926", "userId": null } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T02:01:29.143", "id": "246", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T02:01:29.143", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "188", "parentId": "36", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "17" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "The Desktop & Server editions have different kernels that might result in different performance, especially under some specific load conditions. One example reason being that task switching happens more often in the desktop edition's kernel because that improves responsiveness, but task switching incurs some overhead and thus also slightly lowers the performance of (some) applications.\n\nIn practice, it's unlikely that you will ever see this difference on a development system, and IME such a system is not under a heavy load, and it probably has other configuration differences that affect performance anyway.\n\nIf you want to minimize differences related to the kernel, it's always possible to use the server kernel in the desktop edition.\n\nAnd of course, in most cases permanently running a desktop system probably has as much or more impact on performance as using a different kernel anyway... ;-)\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-09T06:47:05.587", "id": "1742", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-09T06:47:05.587", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "935", "parentId": "36", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<a href=\"https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/difference-ubuntu-desktop-ubuntu-server/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/difference-ubuntu-desktop-ubuntu-server/</a>\n\n“... After Ubuntu 12.04, both Server and Desktop variants use the same kernel. Previously, Desktop and Server used different kernels. Because both Ubuntu Desktop and Ubuntu Server employ the same kernel, you can add any packages to either variant. This means that while default installation varies, you can customize your Ubuntu flavor accordingly.\n\nSo you might start with Ubuntu Server and install a desktop environment if you decide you can’t run it headless. Alternatively, you could begin with Ubuntu Desktop and add the necessary packages to create a server. Since Ubuntu Server and Desktop share a core Ubuntu kernel, default installation differences don’t preclude future software package installs.”\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2018-09-29T20:54:43.280", "id": "1773650", "postId": "1079575", "score": "1", "text": "This doesn't seem true. My desktop 16.04 is on kernel 4.15 while my 16.04 server is on 4.4.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "548230" }, { "creationDate": "2018-09-29T21:27:04.857", "id": "1773665", "postId": "1079575", "score": "0", "text": "@xenoid You probably switched to the HWE kernel on your desktop but not your server.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "616451" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2018-09-29T20:20:19.920", "id": "1079575", "lastActivityDate": "2018-09-29T20:20:19.920", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "326578", "parentId": "36", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "TLDR: I experienced 15% performance improvement going from desktop to server version.\nI have a reasonably high load recursive program written in c++. It generates and traverses a few million tree nodes which all store various "states", and tries to find a "good enough" solution.\nFor a single input that we use as a benchmark, the program used to consistently take about 14 seconds on an average on the desktop. With the server, the average is closer to 12 seconds. That's almost 15% improvement. (a side note on this benchmark. We use it internally consistently to measure any performance regression resulting from any code changes. Or judge the efficacy of builds / platforms. For example a Linux release build is about 5 times faster than Linux debug. And Linux debug is about the same speed as Windows release, which is about 15 times faster than Windows debug).\nThis is on exactly the same hardware, and each example running as a headless server. I needed to reinstall Linux (because the machine was going to move zones, and I didn't want any private information accidentally sitting on it), and decided to install the server version on a whim. I don't know enough about other programs that the desktop might have been running in the background, and hence slowing down the task at hand. Mine is only a single data point - so take it for what's it worth. Though in my defense, it's a real world usage example. Would love for someone to construct some lab tests and share benchmarks.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2022-02-22T04:03:44.930", "id": "1394251", "lastActivityDate": "2022-02-22T04:03:44.930", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "1180764", "parentId": "36", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" } ]

null

37

1

62

2010-07-28T19:39:48.457

107

88509

<ul> <li>Does encrypting my home folder make my computer more secure?</li> <li>Do I have to enter my password more if my home folder is encrypted?</li> <li>What else should I know about encrypting my home folder?</li> </ul>

56

11354

2015-10-17T12:03:10.393

2018-06-17T21:53:41.997

When installing I'm given the option of encrypting my home folder -- what does this do?

[ "system-installation", "encryption", "ecryptfs" ]

5

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Simply\n\n<ol>\n<li>Encrypting your home folder doesn't actually make your computer more secure - it simply makes all the files and folders in your home folder more secure from unauthorized viewing.\n<ul>\n<li>Your computer is still \"vulnerable\" in a security standpoint - but it becomes very difficult for your content to be stolen (unless the attacker has your password).</li>\n</ul></li>\n<li>You won't need to actually enter your password any more than you normally do - when you log in to your computer your files are seamlessly decrypted for just your session.</li>\n<li>There is a possibility (depending on your computers hardware) that this will affect the performance on your machine. If you're worried about performance more than security (and you're on an older machine) you may wish to disable this feature.</li>\n</ol>\n\nTechnically\n\nUbuntu uses \"eCryptfs\" which stores all the data in a directory (this case the home folders) as encrypted data. When a user is logged in that encrypted folder is mounted with second decryption mount (this is a temporary mount that works similar to tmpfs - it's created and run in RAM so the files are never stored in a decrypted state on the HD). The idea is - if your hard drive is stolen and the contents read those items aren't able to be read since Linux needs to be running with your authentication to create the successful mount and decryption ( The keys are SHA-512 encrypted data based of several user aspects - the keys are then stored in your encrypted key ring ). The end result is technically secure data (as long as your password isn't cracked or leaked).\n\nYou will not have to enter your password any more than usual. There is a slight increase of Disk I/O and CPU which (depending on your computer specs) may hinder performance - though it's quite seamless on most modern PCs\n", "commentCount": "14", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:00:33.260", "id": "57", "postId": "62", "score": "5", "text": "Marco, thank you for your answer, you seem to have an excellent grasp of home folder encryption. Just for the benefit of less technical users, can you spare me all the technical detail and answer the question as if I were asking as a computer-illiterate user?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "56" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:14:43.647", "id": "75", "postId": "62", "score": "2", "text": "I amended my answer to reflect a simpler viewpoint", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "41" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:20:50.403", "id": "80", "postId": "62", "score": "1", "text": "Thank you! (There are some formatting quirks, though)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "56" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:23:52.983", "id": "82", "postId": "62", "score": "0", "text": "The second bullet is a sub-bullet of the first point I'll make that more obvious.\n\nThere that should make more sense.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "41" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T01:50:37.440", "id": "184", "postId": "62", "score": "0", "text": "I guess I would say “it doesn't make your computer more secure, but it does make your data more secure”.\n\nThere are also some eCryptfs bugs you might hit, depending on your usage. Specifically, you will be unable to create files with extremely long filenames. You'll likely only hit this if a tool you use feels like creating files in a deep directory hierarchy with tremendously long (hundreds of characters) names.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "188" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T05:15:24.280", "id": "218", "postId": "62", "score": "11", "text": "Also note that if you dual-boot, it makes accessing your Linux partition from your secondary OS much more difficult. In Windows, I had installed a simple driver to read my EXT3 partition, but now I'm locked out. Oy!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "199" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T09:50:58.147", "id": "257", "postId": "62", "score": "0", "text": "what happens if someone with your computer just does passwd yourusername, and then logs in as you?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "224" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T14:37:19.810", "id": "313", "postId": "62", "score": "2", "text": "plod: That's where the security stops. If someone has your password then it's game over.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "41" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T14:38:16.950", "id": "315", "postId": "62", "score": "0", "text": "Jono: But your data is secure! I'm not sure of a way to cleanly and properly setup eCryptfs for windows and use the existing decryption keys in your keyring", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "41" }, { "creationDate": "2011-02-20T22:53:36.227", "id": "30162", "postId": "62", "score": "0", "text": "Might be a good idea to mention that it blocks hibernation - well the hibernation itself will work but not resume because the swap is encrypted too. More details at bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/432785", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "8973" }, { "creationDate": "2011-10-27T20:24:50.797", "id": "82705", "postId": "62", "score": "0", "text": "@papukaija ecryptfs for the home directory does not block hibernation. Encrypting swap does.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "23530" }, { "creationDate": "2011-10-27T20:40:15.143", "id": "82717", "postId": "62", "score": "0", "text": "It might make sense to add that it's harder to recover your files if you've encrypted them and you forget or lose the password and passphrase.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "19490" }, { "creationDate": "2012-01-09T05:23:00.960", "id": "107581", "postId": "62", "score": "0", "text": "I'm wondering if some answers can comment more on this: \"Your computer is still \"vulnerable\" in a security standpoint - but it becomes very difficult for your content to be stolen (unless the attacker has your password).\" I also see this echoed in two of the answers below. So why do people say that your computer is still \"vulnerable\"?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4460" }, { "creationDate": "2014-09-02T12:10:21.250", "id": "705314", "postId": "62", "score": "0", "text": "@Jay I'm guessing they mean your computer can still be compromised, as in stolen and with another account the computer can still be used. It's just a way to prevent others from accessing your data, not to make your computer exclusively work for you.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "235849" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:50:14.923", "id": "62", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:24:57.367", "lastEditDate": "2010-07-28T20:24:57.367", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "41", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "41", "parentId": "37", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "95" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "There's a nice article on the topic written by the Ubuntu developer himself, please see: <a href=\"http://www.linux-mag.com/id/7568/1/\" rel=\"noreferrer\">http://www.linux-mag.com/id/7568/1/</a>\n<h3>Summary:</h3>\n<ul>\n<li>A combination of LUKS and dm-crypt are used for whole-disk encryption in Linux.\nUbuntu uses the Enterprise Cryptographic File System (ECryptfs) from version >= 9.10 to enable home drive encryption on login.\n</li>\n<li>An upper and lower directory are created, where the upper directory is stored unencrypted in RAM, granting access to the system and current user. The lower directory is passed atomic, encrypted units of data and stored in physical memory.\n</li>\n<li>File and directory names use a single, mount-wide fnek (file name encryption key). The header of each encrypted file contains an fek (file encryption key), wrapped with a separate, mount-wide fekek (file encryption key, encryption key). The Linux kernel keyring manages keys and provides encryption via its common ciphers.\n</li>\n<li>Using an eCryptfs PAM (Pluggable Authentication Module) does not break unattended reboots, unlike typical full-disk encryption solutions.\n</li>\n<li>The eCryptfs layered filesystem enables per-file, incremental, encrypted backups.\n</li>\n</ul>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2016-08-09T22:11:40.597", "id": "1224708", "postId": "54", "score": "3", "text": "Can you turn your link-only answer into a more useful one, by summarising main points raised in that article?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "456576" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:46:47.253", "id": "54", "lastActivityDate": "2018-06-17T21:53:41.997", "lastEditDate": "2020-06-12T14:37:07.210", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "75", "parentId": "37", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "15" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "Simply\n\n<ol>\n<li>Encrypting your home folder doesn't actually make your computer more secure - it simply makes all the files and folders in your home folder more secure from unauthorized viewing.\n<ul>\n<li>Your computer is still \"vulnerable\" in a security standpoint - but it becomes very difficult for your content to be stolen (unless the attacker has your password).</li>\n</ul></li>\n<li>You won't need to actually enter your password any more than you normally do - when you log in to your computer your files are seamlessly decrypted for just your session.</li>\n<li>There is a possibility (depending on your computers hardware) that this will affect the performance on your machine. If you're worried about performance more than security (and you're on an older machine) you may wish to disable this feature.</li>\n</ol>\n\nTechnically\n\nUbuntu uses \"eCryptfs\" which stores all the data in a directory (this case the home folders) as encrypted data. When a user is logged in that encrypted folder is mounted with second decryption mount (this is a temporary mount that works similar to tmpfs - it's created and run in RAM so the files are never stored in a decrypted state on the HD). The idea is - if your hard drive is stolen and the contents read those items aren't able to be read since Linux needs to be running with your authentication to create the successful mount and decryption ( The keys are SHA-512 encrypted data based of several user aspects - the keys are then stored in your encrypted key ring ). The end result is technically secure data (as long as your password isn't cracked or leaked).\n\nYou will not have to enter your password any more than usual. There is a slight increase of Disk I/O and CPU which (depending on your computer specs) may hinder performance - though it's quite seamless on most modern PCs\n", "commentCount": "14", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:00:33.260", "id": "57", "postId": "62", "score": "5", "text": "Marco, thank you for your answer, you seem to have an excellent grasp of home folder encryption. Just for the benefit of less technical users, can you spare me all the technical detail and answer the question as if I were asking as a computer-illiterate user?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "56" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:14:43.647", "id": "75", "postId": "62", "score": "2", "text": "I amended my answer to reflect a simpler viewpoint", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "41" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:20:50.403", "id": "80", "postId": "62", "score": "1", "text": "Thank you! (There are some formatting quirks, though)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "56" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:23:52.983", "id": "82", "postId": "62", "score": "0", "text": "The second bullet is a sub-bullet of the first point I'll make that more obvious.\n\nThere that should make more sense.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "41" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T01:50:37.440", "id": "184", "postId": "62", "score": "0", "text": "I guess I would say “it doesn't make your computer more secure, but it does make your data more secure”.\n\nThere are also some eCryptfs bugs you might hit, depending on your usage. Specifically, you will be unable to create files with extremely long filenames. You'll likely only hit this if a tool you use feels like creating files in a deep directory hierarchy with tremendously long (hundreds of characters) names.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "188" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T05:15:24.280", "id": "218", "postId": "62", "score": "11", "text": "Also note that if you dual-boot, it makes accessing your Linux partition from your secondary OS much more difficult. In Windows, I had installed a simple driver to read my EXT3 partition, but now I'm locked out. Oy!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "199" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T09:50:58.147", "id": "257", "postId": "62", "score": "0", "text": "what happens if someone with your computer just does passwd yourusername, and then logs in as you?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "224" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T14:37:19.810", "id": "313", "postId": "62", "score": "2", "text": "plod: That's where the security stops. If someone has your password then it's game over.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "41" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T14:38:16.950", "id": "315", "postId": "62", "score": "0", "text": "Jono: But your data is secure! I'm not sure of a way to cleanly and properly setup eCryptfs for windows and use the existing decryption keys in your keyring", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "41" }, { "creationDate": "2011-02-20T22:53:36.227", "id": "30162", "postId": "62", "score": "0", "text": "Might be a good idea to mention that it blocks hibernation - well the hibernation itself will work but not resume because the swap is encrypted too. More details at bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/432785", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "8973" }, { "creationDate": "2011-10-27T20:24:50.797", "id": "82705", "postId": "62", "score": "0", "text": "@papukaija ecryptfs for the home directory does not block hibernation. Encrypting swap does.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "23530" }, { "creationDate": "2011-10-27T20:40:15.143", "id": "82717", "postId": "62", "score": "0", "text": "It might make sense to add that it's harder to recover your files if you've encrypted them and you forget or lose the password and passphrase.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "19490" }, { "creationDate": "2012-01-09T05:23:00.960", "id": "107581", "postId": "62", "score": "0", "text": "I'm wondering if some answers can comment more on this: \"Your computer is still \"vulnerable\" in a security standpoint - but it becomes very difficult for your content to be stolen (unless the attacker has your password).\" I also see this echoed in two of the answers below. So why do people say that your computer is still \"vulnerable\"?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4460" }, { "creationDate": "2014-09-02T12:10:21.250", "id": "705314", "postId": "62", "score": "0", "text": "@Jay I'm guessing they mean your computer can still be compromised, as in stolen and with another account the computer can still be used. It's just a way to prevent others from accessing your data, not to make your computer exclusively work for you.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "235849" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:50:14.923", "id": "62", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:24:57.367", "lastEditDate": "2010-07-28T20:24:57.367", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "41", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "41", "parentId": "37", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "95" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "The security of your actual system isn't determined by the security of your files, folders, and documents...all it does is makes them slightly more secure from prying eyes....\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-06T19:02:26.823", "id": "1453", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-06T19:02:26.823", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "890", "parentId": "37", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Less technically answer as requested by OP.\n\nSecurity benefits of encrypted Home via ecryptfs as in Ubuntu:\n\n<ul>\n<li>Will not require any additional passwords or keys to be remembered or entered.</li>\n<li>Does not make your computer more secure on a network, e.g. on the internet.</li>\n<li>If the computer is shared between several users, provides an additional barrier against other users accessing your files. (Difficult technical discussion.)</li>\n<li>If an attacker gains physical access to your computer, e.g. steals your notebook, this will protect your data from being read by the thief. (If the computer is off they cannot read your data without your password. If the computer is switched on and you are logged in, it's possible for a thief to steal your data, but requires a more advanced attack, is therefore less likely.)</li>\n</ul>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-10-27T20:33:12.627", "id": "72959", "lastActivityDate": "2011-10-27T20:33:12.627", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "23530", "parentId": "37", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "9" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "What else you should know about encrypting your home folder is that the data in it is not accessible when you are not logged in. If you have some automated or external process (like a crontab) that tries to access this data, it will work great while you are watching it, but fail when you are not watching it. This is very frustrating to debug.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2016-04-06T19:37:33.677", "id": "754592", "lastActivityDate": "2016-04-06T19:37:33.677", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "527479", "parentId": "37", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" } ]

null

38

1

null

2010-07-28T19:40:19.907

11

2288

I have a VPS set up with Ubuntu 10.04 Lucid running exim4 as the MTA. The machine name itself is something easily recognizable to us (in this case, 'Fermat'), but the machine itself is responsible for serving up one of our domains (i.e. <a href="http://www.example.com" rel="nofollow noreferrer">www.example.com</a>). When generating an email from exim, the email headers are reporting the server name (Fermat) instead of the domain name (example.com). Is there a way to 'force' exim to report the server name as example.com without changing the machine's host name?

68

1460940

2022-03-03T12:20:40.860

How to configure mail server to report a hostname distinct from server name

[ "email", "mta" ]

2

1

CC BY-SA 4.0

[ { "creationDate": "2012-02-27T09:53:37.833", "id": "126665", "postId": "38", "score": "0", "text": "This question appears to be abandoned, if you are experiencing a similar issue please [ask a new question](http://askubuntu.com/questions/ask) with details pertaining to your problem. If you feel this question is *not* abandoned, please flag the question explaining that. :)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "46312" } ]

null

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "Reconfigure exim4:\n\n<pre><code>sudo dpkg-reconfigure exim4\n</code></pre>\n\nOne of the questions it'll ask you is for the \"System mail name\". You want to change that. \n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:52:11.217", "id": "102", "postId": "74", "score": "0", "text": "I did this part and even set it to 'example.com'. In the email headers, though, it still shows:\n`Received: from Fermat (mail.example.com [11.22.33.44])`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "68" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:58:56.587", "id": "74", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T19:58:56.587", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "66", "parentId": "38", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Make sure the content of <code>/etc/mailname</code> is <code>example.com</code>. If not, change it and reboot:\n\n<pre><code>sudo nano /etc/mailname\nsudo reboot\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T22:41:26.587", "id": "190", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T22:41:26.587", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "154", "parentId": "38", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" } ]

null

2013-03-14T16:21:58.497

null

41

1

63

2010-07-28T19:41:01.760

27

10050

How does one reset the gnome panel to the initial state? During use, gnome panel applets move and get replaced with the ones users like. After some time the panel becomes so cluttered that it requires a cleanup. The easiest way would be to reset the panel to the original state that it was in after install. Is there an easy way of doing that?

42

14356

2012-06-13T08:36:25.233

Resetting gnome panel

[ "gnome-panel" ]

4

2

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2012-05-08T20:38:57.433", "id": "159382", "postId": "41", "score": "0", "text": "You might find this helpful for gnome3:\r\n\r\nhttp://askubuntu.com/questions/133647/gnome-panel-has-multiple-rows-how-to-undo-that/134058#134058", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "61808" }, { "creationDate": "2012-06-12T23:18:12.723", "id": "181652", "postId": "41", "score": "0", "text": "Maybe there is a misunderstanding about which panel you're referring to. \"Gnome panel\" is what was used in Gnome 2, whereas 12.04 doesn't include it (at least by default). A screenshot might help?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "54256" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Move the old configuration directory out of the way, and it'll get reset. Of course, to take effect, you'll have to restart the panel.\n\n<pre><code>mv ~/.gconf/apps/panel ~/gnome-panel-backup\ngnome-panel --replace &\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-03-01T13:49:28.567", "id": "31701", "postId": "63", "score": "1", "text": "nohup gnome-panel --replace </dev/null &>/dev/null &", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "7778" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:52:25.337", "id": "63", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:40:27.890", "lastEditDate": "2010-07-28T20:40:27.890", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "66", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "66", "parentId": "41", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "27" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "Run <code>rm -r ~/.gconf/apps/panel</code> in a terminal, then log out of Gnome and log back in.\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:52:44.400", "id": "45", "postId": "60", "score": "0", "text": "This causes data loss. What happens if he wants to get his work back later?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "66" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:48:12.410", "id": "98", "postId": "60", "score": "0", "text": "He did ask for a reset :)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "84" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:49:33.097", "id": "60", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T19:49:33.097", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "86", "parentId": "41", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "Move the old configuration directory out of the way, and it'll get reset. Of course, to take effect, you'll have to restart the panel.\n\n<pre><code>mv ~/.gconf/apps/panel ~/gnome-panel-backup\ngnome-panel --replace &\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-03-01T13:49:28.567", "id": "31701", "postId": "63", "score": "1", "text": "nohup gnome-panel --replace </dev/null &>/dev/null &", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "7778" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:52:25.337", "id": "63", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:40:27.890", "lastEditDate": "2010-07-28T20:40:27.890", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "66", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "66", "parentId": "41", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "27" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "You can reset the panel by running\n\n<pre><code>gconftool-2 --recursive-unset /apps/panel\n</code></pre>\n\nin a Terminal or by hitting Alt+F2 and pasting this command in the textfield and then hit run. After that gnome-panel needs a restart and therefore it has to be killed with the command\n\n<pre><code>pkill gnome-panel\n</code></pre>\n\nthe same way as the command before. The reset gnome-panel will start again automatically.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-10-07T13:24:24.747", "id": "5420", "postId": "132", "score": "1", "text": "And, if your panels are totally gone, use CTRL + ALT + F1 to get a terminal window.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2638" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:02:54.233", "id": "132", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T21:02:54.233", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "134", "parentId": "41", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "14" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<pre><code>gconftool-2 --recursive-unset /apps/panel\npkill gnome-panel\nnohup gnome-panel --replace </dev/null &>/dev/null &\n</code></pre>\n\nThis formula is based on the above answers. This works slightly better.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2011-03-01T13:52:30.047", "id": "28573", "lastActivityDate": "2011-03-01T13:52:30.047", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "7778", "parentId": "41", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" } ]

null

47

1

1454

2010-07-28T19:42:11.867

7

547

I'm using Kubuntu (Karmic) and KATE is my favorite editor. I don't enable many plug-ins, but I really like the inline shell. The problem is, across re-starts, KATE seems to forget that I enabled this plug-in. I've checked across all sessions and the behavior is the same. Is there some easy way to fix this?

50

87

2010-08-15T20:42:53.153

2017-10-17T09:44:09.747

KATE keeps forgetting I have the shell plug-in enabled

[ "kde", "9.10", "kate" ]

1

3

CC BY-SA 2.5

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:50:57.963", "id": "40", "postId": "47", "score": "0", "text": "Have you checked if this is solved in lucid?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:51:00.770", "id": "41", "postId": "47", "score": "1", "text": "Might be related to https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=222014 - in any case, I have the same problem on Gentoo so it definitely seems to be a Kate bug, not anything specific to Kubuntu.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "104" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-04T15:03:40.573", "id": "826", "postId": "47", "score": "0", "text": "Yes..this occurs in lucid", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "This is a bug with Kate. But if you disable the session auto save, it loads the plugins. You can do this by changing the Application Startup Behavior to Start new session. Application Startup Behaviors can be changed from Settings > Configure Kate > Sessions. This is not a fix, just a walk-around.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-08-06T19:03:21.610", "id": "1454", "lastActivityDate": "2017-10-17T09:44:09.747", "lastEditDate": "2017-10-17T09:44:09.747", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "467998", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "295", "parentId": "47", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "This is a bug with Kate. But if you disable the session auto save, it loads the plugins. You can do this by changing the Application Startup Behavior to Start new session. Application Startup Behaviors can be changed from Settings > Configure Kate > Sessions. This is not a fix, just a walk-around.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-08-06T19:03:21.610", "id": "1454", "lastActivityDate": "2017-10-17T09:44:09.747", "lastEditDate": "2017-10-17T09:44:09.747", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "467998", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "295", "parentId": "47", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" } ]

null

50

1

89

2010-07-28T19:43:35.123

26

9875

Is there a way to change how long the libnotify notifications last? I've googled around for this for months and no still no luck. I'm actually starting to think that you can't change it. I can't even find anywhere in the API where developers can control this.

91

866

2010-11-16T20:04:59.263

2017-07-10T19:44:33.437

How do I change how long notifications are displayed?

[ "notify-osd", "libnotify" ]

3

1

CC BY-SA 2.5

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:48:27.343", "id": "34", "postId": "50", "score": "0", "text": "Can you please rephrase the question as \"How do I change how long notifications are displayed?\"; \"Notification Display Time\" is pretty confusing, and not phrased as a question.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "56" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "You can't do this normally. However, there is a patched version of notify-osd that supports it:<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/1y1Xo.png\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/1y1Xo.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\" /></a>\n<h1>From Ubuntu 16.04 onwards:</h1>\nYou'll need to add two PPA's:\n<pre><code>sudo add-apt-repository ppa:leolik/leolik\nsudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8\nsudo apt update\n</code></pre>\nThen install it like this:\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get upgrade\nsudo apt-get install notifyosdconfig\n</code></pre>\nThe configuration dialog should be in Applications->Accessories or <code>notifyosdconf</code> from the terminal. There's a setting for the standard notification duration as per screenshot above if you don't set it the <code>--expire-time</code> parameter.\n<h3>Example:</h3>\n<pre><code>notify-send --urgency=LOW --expire-time=1 --icon=face-laugh "test" "1 second"\n</code></pre>\n<h1>Older versions: (9.10-14.10)</h1>\nYou'll need to add two PPA's:\n<pre><code>sudo add-apt-repository ppa:leolik/leolik\nsudo add-apt-repository ppa:amandeepgrewal/notifyosdconfig\nsudo apt-get update\n</code></pre>\nThen install it like this:\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get upgrade\nsudo apt-get install notifyosdconfig\n</code></pre>\nThe configuration dialog should be in Applications->Accessories or <code>notifyosdconf</code> from the terminal. There's a setting for notification duration as per screenshot above.\n<h3>Example:</h3>\n<pre><code>notify-send --urgency=LOW --expire-time=1 --icon=face-laugh "test" "1 second"\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "5", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T00:14:04.900", "id": "172", "postId": "89", "score": "0", "text": "those two ppa's are the same? after googling 'notifyosdconfig ppa' i think the second one you meant was `sudo add-apt-repository ppa:amandeepgrewal/notifyosdconfig`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "91" }, { "creationDate": "2010-11-16T20:59:56.963", "id": "14035", "postId": "89", "score": "1", "text": "Just a note, though the above program works *beautifully*, you're still limited by a maximum time of 10 seconds. You can go *below* 10 seconds, but not above (which is what I was after when I started looking).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4236" }, { "creationDate": "2017-02-12T19:15:25.373", "id": "1376358", "postId": "89", "score": "0", "text": "does this override the default `notify-send` behaviour or is it a seperate command?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "378854" }, { "creationDate": "2017-02-12T19:34:40.627", "id": "1376371", "postId": "89", "score": "0", "text": "Unfortunately, the repository doesnt provide the package anymore, saying `E: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/amandeepgrewal/notifyosdconfig/ubuntu/dists/xenial/main/binary-amd64/Packages 404 Not Found`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "378854" }, { "creationDate": "2019-04-10T21:45:49.133", "id": "1877317", "postId": "89", "score": "0", "text": "Got E: Unable to locate package notifyosdconfig", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "368210" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:07:54.910", "id": "89", "lastActivityDate": "2017-07-10T19:44:33.437", "lastEditDate": "2020-06-12T14:37:07.210", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "35", "parentId": "50", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "14" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "The duration of the notification is, I believe, dependent on the length of the message.\n\nFrom the perspective of someone who was worked with it indirectly (by using the pynotify module in Python), I have discovered that specifying a duration for a message is not possible.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:48:07.703", "id": "57", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T19:48:07.703", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5", "parentId": "50", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "You can't do this normally. However, there is a patched version of notify-osd that supports it:<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/1y1Xo.png\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/1y1Xo.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\" /></a>\n<h1>From Ubuntu 16.04 onwards:</h1>\nYou'll need to add two PPA's:\n<pre><code>sudo add-apt-repository ppa:leolik/leolik\nsudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8\nsudo apt update\n</code></pre>\nThen install it like this:\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get upgrade\nsudo apt-get install notifyosdconfig\n</code></pre>\nThe configuration dialog should be in Applications->Accessories or <code>notifyosdconf</code> from the terminal. There's a setting for the standard notification duration as per screenshot above if you don't set it the <code>--expire-time</code> parameter.\n<h3>Example:</h3>\n<pre><code>notify-send --urgency=LOW --expire-time=1 --icon=face-laugh "test" "1 second"\n</code></pre>\n<h1>Older versions: (9.10-14.10)</h1>\nYou'll need to add two PPA's:\n<pre><code>sudo add-apt-repository ppa:leolik/leolik\nsudo add-apt-repository ppa:amandeepgrewal/notifyosdconfig\nsudo apt-get update\n</code></pre>\nThen install it like this:\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get upgrade\nsudo apt-get install notifyosdconfig\n</code></pre>\nThe configuration dialog should be in Applications->Accessories or <code>notifyosdconf</code> from the terminal. There's a setting for notification duration as per screenshot above.\n<h3>Example:</h3>\n<pre><code>notify-send --urgency=LOW --expire-time=1 --icon=face-laugh "test" "1 second"\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "5", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T00:14:04.900", "id": "172", "postId": "89", "score": "0", "text": "those two ppa's are the same? after googling 'notifyosdconfig ppa' i think the second one you meant was `sudo add-apt-repository ppa:amandeepgrewal/notifyosdconfig`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "91" }, { "creationDate": "2010-11-16T20:59:56.963", "id": "14035", "postId": "89", "score": "1", "text": "Just a note, though the above program works *beautifully*, you're still limited by a maximum time of 10 seconds. You can go *below* 10 seconds, but not above (which is what I was after when I started looking).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4236" }, { "creationDate": "2017-02-12T19:15:25.373", "id": "1376358", "postId": "89", "score": "0", "text": "does this override the default `notify-send` behaviour or is it a seperate command?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "378854" }, { "creationDate": "2017-02-12T19:34:40.627", "id": "1376371", "postId": "89", "score": "0", "text": "Unfortunately, the repository doesnt provide the package anymore, saying `E: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/amandeepgrewal/notifyosdconfig/ubuntu/dists/xenial/main/binary-amd64/Packages 404 Not Found`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "378854" }, { "creationDate": "2019-04-10T21:45:49.133", "id": "1877317", "postId": "89", "score": "0", "text": "Got E: Unable to locate package notifyosdconfig", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "368210" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:07:54.910", "id": "89", "lastActivityDate": "2017-07-10T19:44:33.437", "lastEditDate": "2020-06-12T14:37:07.210", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "35", "parentId": "50", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "14" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "crude but effective and then some - caveat this also kills pending notifications \nthis can only shorten display times just change the <code>1.5</code> in <code>sleep 1.5;</code> below:\n\nref: \ndetails in <a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/14354/close-button-on-notify-osd/189956#189956\">Close button on notify-osd?</a>\n\nx-ref: \n<a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/182723/expiry-time-in-notify-send-notifications\">Expiry time in notify-send notifications</a>\n\n<pre><code>dbus-monitor \"interface='org.freedesktop.Notifications'\" \\\n| grep --line-buffered \"member=Notify\" \\\n| sed -u -e 's/.*/sleep 1.5; killall notify-osd/' \\\n| bash\n</code></pre>\n\nBookmarks: \nself - <a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/50/how-do-i-change-how-long-notifications-are-displayed/192674#192674\">How do I change how long notifications are displayed?</a> \n<a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/182723/expiry-time-in-notify-send-notifications/192673#192673\">Expiry time in notify-send notifications</a> \n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-09-25T03:12:33.230", "id": "192674", "lastActivityDate": "2012-09-25T03:12:33.230", "lastEditDate": "2017-04-13T12:23:52.807", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "92460", "parentId": "50", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" } ]

null

51

1

55

2010-07-28T19:44:59.943

11

3760

For some reason, sometimes when I log in the top panel applets appear garbled. For instance the session applet is missing its icon, and the current username is repeated twice. This doesn't happen very often, but when it does the session applet is not responsive so I can't get to the log out menu option. Is there any other way to log off the current user other than using the (non working) session applet?

45

null

2013-01-05T14:43:47.093

How to log out if the session applet is missing from the top panel?

[ "applet", "gnome", "session" ]

2

1

CC BY-SA 2.5

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-31T21:12:18.653", "id": "557", "postId": "51", "score": "1", "text": "It might be worth trying to restart your gnome panel. Open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+t, by default) and type `killall gnome-panel`, then hit enter. Then wait a few seconds and it should restart. If it doesn't, type `gnome-panel`, and hit enter again to start it manually.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "285" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Press <kbd>Alt</kbd>+<kbd>F2</kbd>, type <code>gnome-session-save --logout</code>, then hit enter. If an application is blocking logout, try <code>gnome-session-save --force-logout</code>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:47:45.707", "id": "55", "lastActivityDate": "2013-01-05T14:43:39.673", "lastEditDate": "2013-01-05T14:43:39.673", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "77178", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "35", "parentId": "51", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "10" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "Press <kbd>Alt</kbd>+<kbd>F2</kbd>, type <code>gnome-session-save --logout</code>, then hit enter. If an application is blocking logout, try <code>gnome-session-save --force-logout</code>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:47:45.707", "id": "55", "lastActivityDate": "2013-01-05T14:43:39.673", "lastEditDate": "2013-01-05T14:43:39.673", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "77178", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "35", "parentId": "51", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "10" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "If you enable <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>Alt</kbd>+<kbd>Del</kbd>, you can use that to kill the X server, which will log you out. To enable this, go to System -> Preferences -> Keyboard, then go to the Layouts tab and click Options. Expand the \"Key sequence to kill X server\" and check the box.\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:56:37.230", "id": "51", "postId": "70", "score": "1", "text": "That's a good tip, but if you do it that way your sesion won't be saved right?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "45" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:58:16.557", "id": "53", "postId": "70", "score": "0", "text": "That is probably true. I don't use session saving so I didn't think about that.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "86" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-31T21:13:57.017", "id": "558", "postId": "70", "score": "1", "text": "You can use RightAlt+SysRq+k to kill X without having to modify your configuration. On my keyboard the SysRq key is above print screen. \n\nActually, you can do a lot with it: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_SysRq_key", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "285" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:54:58.280", "id": "70", "lastActivityDate": "2013-01-05T14:43:47.093", "lastEditDate": "2013-01-05T14:43:47.093", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "77178", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "86", "parentId": "51", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" } ]

null

53

1

64

2010-07-28T19:46:27.363

23

1238

I take photos from time to time, and if I take an exceptionally beautiful one, I'd like to submit it for inclusion in Ubuntu. Where do I send/upload it?

56

null

2012-12-13T21:00:40.090

How do I submit wallpapers to be considered for inclusion in Ubuntu?

[ "desktop-background", "artwork", "photography" ]

1

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Add it to the Ubuntu Artwork pool, here: <a href=\"http://www.flickr.com/groups/ubuntu-artwork/\">http://www.flickr.com/groups/ubuntu-artwork/</a>\n\nA team of judges will select somewhere around 15 photos from this pool for the default wallpapers.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2015-10-17T10:43:18.653", "id": "1000309", "postId": "64", "score": "1", "text": "Too bad we need to create a Yahoo! account just for these submissions. It would be interesting to have something integrated with Launchpad, or better yet OpenID.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "207470" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:52:34.340", "id": "64", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T19:52:34.340", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "35", "parentId": "53", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "19" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "Add it to the Ubuntu Artwork pool, here: <a href=\"http://www.flickr.com/groups/ubuntu-artwork/\">http://www.flickr.com/groups/ubuntu-artwork/</a>\n\nA team of judges will select somewhere around 15 photos from this pool for the default wallpapers.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2015-10-17T10:43:18.653", "id": "1000309", "postId": "64", "score": "1", "text": "Too bad we need to create a Yahoo! account just for these submissions. It would be interesting to have something integrated with Launchpad, or better yet OpenID.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "207470" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:52:34.340", "id": "64", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T19:52:34.340", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "35", "parentId": "53", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "19" } ]

null

56

1

302

2010-07-28T19:48:03.070

8

2021

I recently deployed about a dozen Ubuntu (Karmic) desktops in a small office. Everything was going great, but storage became an issue. I then moved /home to an NFS mount which solved the immediate problem. Months later, I'm regretting this. The company is extremely disorganized with high turnover, people never stay at the same desk for long and now I have 12 machines that anyone needs to access at any given time. This gets crazy with conflicting UID/GID's as well. I'd like to just use LDAP and make the problem go away. The issue is, they want to be self sufficient, so I need some (easy) way for the office administrator to manage users. Preferably something GUI driven and simple/intuitive to use. What are my options?

50

null

2019-01-07T15:42:05.817

Going from a shared NFS /home to a full LDAP solution

[ "ldap", "nfs", "gui" ]

1

2

CC BY-SA 2.5

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:56:10.570", "id": "49", "postId": "56", "score": "2", "text": "LDAP and nfs are two different issues. What about using LDAP for authentication and autofs to automatically mount the home directory via nfs?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:08:05.003", "id": "66", "postId": "56", "score": "0", "text": "I feel your pain. While there are certainly technical solutions available, I am not sure which approach is most applicable to your situation and your conditions. Nevertheless I would probably ask the question at http://serverfault.com/ instead, considering the very general sysadmin character of the question.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "24" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "You can try eBox for the server, it has a very straightforward web interface, you can install it from the repositories, and has all the functionality you need. The whole process is documented in the Ubuntu Server Guide, check <a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/10.04/serverguide/C/ebox.html\" rel=\"noreferrer\">https://help.ubuntu.com/10.04/serverguide/C/ebox.html</a>.\n\nHowever you still would have to take care of the configuration in the client workstations.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T08:52:24.217", "id": "302", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T10:05:39.980", "lastEditDate": "2010-07-29T10:05:39.980", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "215", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "215", "parentId": "56", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "You can try eBox for the server, it has a very straightforward web interface, you can install it from the repositories, and has all the functionality you need. The whole process is documented in the Ubuntu Server Guide, check <a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/10.04/serverguide/C/ebox.html\" rel=\"noreferrer\">https://help.ubuntu.com/10.04/serverguide/C/ebox.html</a>.\n\nHowever you still would have to take care of the configuration in the client workstations.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T08:52:24.217", "id": "302", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T10:05:39.980", "lastEditDate": "2010-07-29T10:05:39.980", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "215", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "215", "parentId": "56", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" } ]

null

58

1

73

2010-07-28T19:48:54.753

10

1107

There are currently 2 clocks on my panel: one in the "Indicator Applet" and one in the "Clock". The one in the "Indicator Applet" is redundant and isn't as good as the "Clock". Does anyone know how to get rid of the clock in the "Indicator Applet"?

88

146105

2016-06-25T21:04:42.683

Indicator Applet: How to get rid of the clock?

[ "applet", "indicator", "clock" ]

1

2

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:50:28.540", "id": "38", "postId": "58", "score": "0", "text": "Do you mean the calendar applet? I'm not aware of a clock in the Indicator Applet.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:51:45.743", "id": "43", "postId": "58", "score": "0", "text": "Do you use Gnome or KDE?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "You must have somehow installed the new, under development Ubuntu clock. Go into Synaptic, and remove the package <code>indicator-datetime</code>. That should fix it.\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:29:11.070", "id": "87", "postId": "73", "score": "0", "text": "Thanks, that worked. I wonder when I installed that though. Maybe it came with another package.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "88" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:38:18.987", "id": "95", "postId": "73", "score": "0", "text": "Did you install Unity? Unity uses it, and so installs the package on install.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "35" }, { "creationDate": "2011-01-04T13:18:19.510", "id": "21520", "postId": "73", "score": "0", "text": "is it possible to install clock as an indicator-applet? the indicator-datetime is too minimal.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "378" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:57:45.980", "id": "73", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T19:57:45.980", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "35", "parentId": "58", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "11" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "You must have somehow installed the new, under development Ubuntu clock. Go into Synaptic, and remove the package <code>indicator-datetime</code>. That should fix it.\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:29:11.070", "id": "87", "postId": "73", "score": "0", "text": "Thanks, that worked. I wonder when I installed that though. Maybe it came with another package.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "88" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:38:18.987", "id": "95", "postId": "73", "score": "0", "text": "Did you install Unity? Unity uses it, and so installs the package on install.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "35" }, { "creationDate": "2011-01-04T13:18:19.510", "id": "21520", "postId": "73", "score": "0", "text": "is it possible to install clock as an indicator-applet? the indicator-datetime is too minimal.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "378" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:57:45.980", "id": "73", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T19:57:45.980", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "35", "parentId": "58", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "11" } ]

null

61

1

528

2010-07-28T19:50:08.977

10

615

I have added Empathy to the list of applications that open by default, and it's configured to auto-connect to MSN when started, but when I login to my laptop the wifi connection takes a few seconds to be ready. Before the net is up, Empathy has already started, tried to login to MSN and failed, and I can't get it to connect after that. This seems to be a bug in Empathy, but how can I get a fix for it, or if not possible, how can I delay its start until the network is up?

94

null

2012-11-12T14:06:05.913

How can I make Empathy retry connecting when it has a network problem

[ "empathy", "startup" ]

3

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Apparently this is a known bug in Empathy, so I decided to launch Empathy from a script that checks if the network is up (connecting to <a href=\"http://www.google.com\" rel=\"noreferrer\">http://www.google.com</a>, internet's true heartbeat :) If the network is not working, it will sleep for 5 seconds and retry, until it tried 30 times\n\nThis is the script (named waitfornet.py)\n\n<pre><code>#!/usr/bin/python\n\nfrom urllib2 import urlopen, URLError\nfrom subprocess import Popen\nfrom time import sleep\nfrom sys import argv\n\nMAX_TRIES = 30\nDELAY = 5\n\nif len (argv) < 2:\n print ('Check for network connectivity and run a command once the net is up')\n print ('Tries up to %d times waiting %d seconds between each try' % (MAX_TRIES, DELAY))\n print ('\\nUSAGE: python waitfornet.py <command to run>')\nelse:\n while True:\n MAX_TRIES -= 1\n if MAX_TRIES < 0:\n raise ValueError ('Reached the max iteration count and the net is still down')\n\n try:\n data = urlopen('http://www.google.com')\n except URLError:\n # if there's a problem connecting to google, that must mean\n # that the net is still down, so sleep 5 seconds and try again\n print ('Internet is down... retrying...')\n sleep (DELAY)\n continue\n\n # if you got here it means that the urlopen succeded\n pid = Popen([argv[1], ' '.join(argv[1:])]).pid\n break\n</code></pre>\n\nand this is how I launch it from the \"Startup Applications\" menu:\n\n<pre><code>~/scripts/waitfornet.py empathy\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-30T23:41:31.453", "id": "528", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-30T23:41:31.453", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "94", "parentId": "61", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "It sounds like Empathy may need a patch to do this kind of thing internally. But you should be able to poke Empathy to do the right thing by disconnecting from your network and reconnect.\n\nI've seemingly had bugs with Empathy refusing the connect to a bunch of networks at various times. But it should give a count down \"Will retry in X seconds.\"\n\nBut that will take code and if you want it, a bug report needs to be made.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:10:21.173", "id": "139", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T21:10:21.173", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "132", "parentId": "61", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "Apparently this is a known bug in Empathy, so I decided to launch Empathy from a script that checks if the network is up (connecting to <a href=\"http://www.google.com\" rel=\"noreferrer\">http://www.google.com</a>, internet's true heartbeat :) If the network is not working, it will sleep for 5 seconds and retry, until it tried 30 times\n\nThis is the script (named waitfornet.py)\n\n<pre><code>#!/usr/bin/python\n\nfrom urllib2 import urlopen, URLError\nfrom subprocess import Popen\nfrom time import sleep\nfrom sys import argv\n\nMAX_TRIES = 30\nDELAY = 5\n\nif len (argv) < 2:\n print ('Check for network connectivity and run a command once the net is up')\n print ('Tries up to %d times waiting %d seconds between each try' % (MAX_TRIES, DELAY))\n print ('\\nUSAGE: python waitfornet.py <command to run>')\nelse:\n while True:\n MAX_TRIES -= 1\n if MAX_TRIES < 0:\n raise ValueError ('Reached the max iteration count and the net is still down')\n\n try:\n data = urlopen('http://www.google.com')\n except URLError:\n # if there's a problem connecting to google, that must mean\n # that the net is still down, so sleep 5 seconds and try again\n print ('Internet is down... retrying...')\n sleep (DELAY)\n continue\n\n # if you got here it means that the urlopen succeded\n pid = Popen([argv[1], ' '.join(argv[1:])]).pid\n break\n</code></pre>\n\nand this is how I launch it from the \"Startup Applications\" menu:\n\n<pre><code>~/scripts/waitfornet.py empathy\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-30T23:41:31.453", "id": "528", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-30T23:41:31.453", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "94", "parentId": "61", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I wrote <a href=\"http://blog.ishans.info/2011/09/24/start-empathy-automatically-when-network-connection-is-available/\" rel=\"nofollow\">a script specifically to overcome this problem</a>. This script (which is based on python and D-Bus) will connect empathy to the network every time when the network is online. Even if the connection goes down and reconnects, the script will automatically reconnect empathy again. \n\nHope you'll enjoy it. Please leave a comment if you need any improvements.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-09-28T16:59:26.657", "id": "63429", "lastActivityDate": "2012-11-12T14:06:05.913", "lastEditDate": "2012-11-12T14:06:05.913", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "92745", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "25813", "parentId": "61", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" } ]

null

66

1

75

2010-07-28T19:53:15.540

12

1246

I am running 8.04 desktop as a server and hosting my own web server, has anyone experienced any issues with upgrade from 8.04 to 10.04?

76

39395

2012-01-04T00:04:16.737

Upgrade experiences from 8.04 LTS to 10.04 LTS?

[ "10.04", "upgrade", "8.04" ]

9

2

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T02:25:36.013", "id": "191", "postId": "66", "score": "3", "text": "I'd suggest you re-word the question as \"Has anyone experienced problems upgrading desktop from 8.04 LTS to 10.04 LTS?\" The question right now is a bit vague and technically I could answer \"No\" and that would still be a valid answer.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "73" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T02:56:12.150", "id": "195", "postId": "66", "score": "0", "text": "I understand but some of the answers below would sound different if I change the title now.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "76" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "I have tested this myself on a VM. And as Andrew said, this was heavily tested before the release.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:59:47.393", "id": "75", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T19:59:47.393", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "4", "parentId": "66", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "10" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "While I haven't, that is one thing that gets heavily tested in LTS releases prior to their release.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:56:49.913", "id": "71", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T19:56:49.913", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "9", "parentId": "66", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "I have tested this myself on a VM. And as Andrew said, this was heavily tested before the release.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T19:59:47.393", "id": "75", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T19:59:47.393", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "4", "parentId": "66", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "10" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Yes, I upgraded a production system, and worked fine.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T22:30:59.437", "id": "183", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T22:30:59.437", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "163", "parentId": "66", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "7" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I upgraded a production system from 8.04 to 10.04. I had to switch from gdm to kdm because gdm would not find any users to log in (but one could log in through a VT.)\n\nI've filed the bug in Launchpad but it was never even triaged, not even with a request for more info! At least it saved me from having to reinstall the box.\n\nOtherwise no hiccups. I removed Flash and Nvidia binary blobs from the machine (user requested it) before upgrading and then reinstalled them from the packages later. The new nouveau drivers are slick (VTs actually work with nouveau.)\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T01:00:33.793", "id": "237", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T01:00:33.793", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "186", "parentId": "66", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Done on a VM, using the desktop edition.\n Seen no issue.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T08:42:54.193", "id": "299", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T08:42:54.193", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "23", "parentId": "66", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I had some issues on Desktop Edition once, something about the packages I had installed made the upgrade process go a little funky, and it kinda screwed up my python (had to manually find and compile module dependencies, and then I ended up having to reinstall later anyway to rid myself of wubi, and everything went fine there). On a clean install, or a production server, that shouldn't be an issue.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T17:33:10.697", "id": "414", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T17:33:10.697", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "228", "parentId": "66", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I’m having problems with a new install of 10.04 on an old AMD machine with a small memory footprint. It runs fine but installing a new kernel causes GRUB2 and/or the Kernel to become unbootable, I just get dumped at the Grub command line prompt. No warnings no error message just……..\n\nI can still manually boot the original kernel but nothing since.\n\nLooking at the bug list there are lots of people having similar problems but little apparent activity to resolve the problem.\n\nI am very sad as the very heavily updated 8.?? was working fine with no problems just a bit of a dirty disk.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-10-04T16:52:02.407", "id": "5180", "lastActivityDate": "2010-10-04T16:52:02.407", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "2358", "parentId": "66", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I actually upgraded from 8.04 to 10.04 but not in the replacement sense. Instead, I did a fresh install of 10.4 in a dual-boot configuration. I did experience problems (see my other postings here) but I eventually solved all of them. The experience is amazing and very rewarding. Highly recommended.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2011-01-06T17:18:09.377", "id": "20325", "lastActivityDate": "2011-01-06T17:18:09.377", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "8018", "parentId": "66", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I installed the desktop version of 10.04 as a triple-boot option on a system with both 8.04 and Vista. I ran into two issues, both of which surprised me as I am used to Ubuntu installations running absolutely smoothly. Firstly, GRUB2 identified my Windows recovery and Vista partitions incorrectly and wouldn't boot either. This was fixed by customizing the boot menu using the correct drive identifiers. The second problem was that after the first update the machine wouldn't boot at all with the error message \"udevadm trigger is not permitted while udev is unconfigured\". The latter issue was fixed using information posted on the web. All three operating systems now seem to be functioning flawlessly. \n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2011-01-06T18:20:10.803", "id": "20346", "lastActivityDate": "2011-01-06T18:20:10.803", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5118", "parentId": "66", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" } ]

null

67

1

126

2010-07-28T19:53:51.137

101

112481

I have a lovely Vim colorscheme (<a href="http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=2140">xoria256</a>) and it looks brilliant in GVim, but when I use normal <code>vim</code> in Terminal, the colorscheme is only partially supported -- for example, the default semi-transparent aubergine background color is used. How do I make Terminal faithfully render my Vim colorscheme?

56

2355

2014-02-21T10:46:02.213

2017-12-13T16:11:45.847

How do I enable full-color support in Vim?

[ "command-line", "vim", "colors" ]

5

1

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2010-11-25T16:32:50.020", "id": "15613", "postId": "67", "score": "4", "text": "Even the default color scheme looks better with 256 colors. If it wasn't for your question, I'd have never found it out. This should be the default.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2217" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "GNOME Terminal supports 256 colors, but doesn't advertise its support. You can override vim's autodetection by putting the following:\n\n<pre class=\"lang-bsh prettyprint-override\"><code>if $COLORTERM == 'gnome-terminal'\n set t_Co=256\nendif\n</code></pre>\n\nin your ~/.vimrc.\n\nNote: if you use GNU screen, it will happily eat those 256-color codes and convert them to basic 16 colors. A better fix is to change TERM to xterm-256color before launching screen/vim.\n\nUpdate for 2017: if you have a sufficiently recent Vim (7.4.1799 or newer), and a sufficiently advanced terminal emulator (xterm, or gnome-terminal based on a sufficiently recent version of VTE), you can <code>:set termguicolors</code> and terminal vim will use full 24-bit colors as defined by your vim theme using <code>highlight guifg=#rrggbb guibg=#rrggbb</code>.\n", "commentCount": "10", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T11:08:33.543", "id": "269", "postId": "126", "score": "1", "text": "This didn't work, my terminal is still aubergine!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "56" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-30T11:48:46.667", "id": "422", "postId": "126", "score": "0", "text": "What can I say -- it works for me when I do `:set t_Co=256 | colorscheme xoria256`.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "136" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-01T09:47:50.440", "id": "607", "postId": "126", "score": "1", "text": "You could test for the presence of gnome-terminal in your vimrc, then set the t_Co variable appropriately. \n\ne.g.:\n\n`if $COLORTERM == 'gnome-terminal'`\n` set t_Co = 256`\n`endif`\n\n(I'm not sure how to add multi-line blocks of code in comments, so add newlines before and after the set statement)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "285" }, { "creationDate": "2011-03-02T20:49:33.243", "id": "31985", "postId": "126", "score": "3", "text": "Better to use gnome-256color for gnome-terminal and screen-256color for screen.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "11729" }, { "creationDate": "2011-03-28T12:31:12.497", "id": "36312", "postId": "126", "score": "0", "text": "Nice. I'd just about given up and just decided to go with the default, then I found this. Thanks!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "6005" }, { "creationDate": "2013-04-04T17:47:03.480", "id": "348803", "postId": "126", "score": "0", "text": "It doesn't work for me... I think some themes designed for gVim need more than 256 colors... How do we enable FULL color support, like with gVim? When I set t_Co=256, some themes look better, but they are still not exactly on par with the gVim ones. It seems that with today's technology, have full color in a linux tty should be no problem. For example, as many color as there are in hex (e.g. #bf3ea2) there should also be at least that many in a tty.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4377" }, { "creationDate": "2013-04-25T13:14:21.200", "id": "358657", "postId": "126", "score": "3", "text": "@trusktr google up CSApprox and CSExact vim extensions.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "136" }, { "creationDate": "2013-07-02T02:35:42.323", "id": "398994", "postId": "126", "score": "0", "text": "@MariusGedminas That's effing nice. Thanks. Too bad Linux console has only 16 colors.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4377" }, { "creationDate": "2013-12-28T02:49:11.877", "id": "508012", "postId": "126", "score": "0", "text": "Setting t_Co=256 also seems to work for xterm.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "54716" }, { "creationDate": "2017-10-20T10:35:58.430", "id": "1547764", "postId": "126", "score": "0", "text": "@trusktr When you're using a terminal emulator in Linux you're not using anything like \"today's technology\".", "userDisplayName": "user12753", "userId": null } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:55:23.690", "id": "126", "lastActivityDate": "2017-12-13T16:10:32.613", "lastEditDate": "2017-12-13T16:10:32.613", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "507051", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "136", "parentId": "67", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "80" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "I made a separate profile for Vim which uses a solid, opaque color in the background. I just manually switch to it whenever I use Vim. Not sure whether or not there's a better method. I'd like to think so.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-08-01T09:50:43.577", "id": "608", "postId": "101", "score": "2", "text": "You can use `if has(\"gui_running\")` in your vimrc to set gui specific options.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "285" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:17:06.947", "id": "101", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:17:06.947", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "10", "parentId": "67", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "GNOME Terminal supports 256 colors, but doesn't advertise its support. You can override vim's autodetection by putting the following:\n\n<pre class=\"lang-bsh prettyprint-override\"><code>if $COLORTERM == 'gnome-terminal'\n set t_Co=256\nendif\n</code></pre>\n\nin your ~/.vimrc.\n\nNote: if you use GNU screen, it will happily eat those 256-color codes and convert them to basic 16 colors. A better fix is to change TERM to xterm-256color before launching screen/vim.\n\nUpdate for 2017: if you have a sufficiently recent Vim (7.4.1799 or newer), and a sufficiently advanced terminal emulator (xterm, or gnome-terminal based on a sufficiently recent version of VTE), you can <code>:set termguicolors</code> and terminal vim will use full 24-bit colors as defined by your vim theme using <code>highlight guifg=#rrggbb guibg=#rrggbb</code>.\n", "commentCount": "10", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T11:08:33.543", "id": "269", "postId": "126", "score": "1", "text": "This didn't work, my terminal is still aubergine!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "56" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-30T11:48:46.667", "id": "422", "postId": "126", "score": "0", "text": "What can I say -- it works for me when I do `:set t_Co=256 | colorscheme xoria256`.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "136" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-01T09:47:50.440", "id": "607", "postId": "126", "score": "1", "text": "You could test for the presence of gnome-terminal in your vimrc, then set the t_Co variable appropriately. \n\ne.g.:\n\n`if $COLORTERM == 'gnome-terminal'`\n` set t_Co = 256`\n`endif`\n\n(I'm not sure how to add multi-line blocks of code in comments, so add newlines before and after the set statement)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "285" }, { "creationDate": "2011-03-02T20:49:33.243", "id": "31985", "postId": "126", "score": "3", "text": "Better to use gnome-256color for gnome-terminal and screen-256color for screen.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "11729" }, { "creationDate": "2011-03-28T12:31:12.497", "id": "36312", "postId": "126", "score": "0", "text": "Nice. I'd just about given up and just decided to go with the default, then I found this. Thanks!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "6005" }, { "creationDate": "2013-04-04T17:47:03.480", "id": "348803", "postId": "126", "score": "0", "text": "It doesn't work for me... I think some themes designed for gVim need more than 256 colors... How do we enable FULL color support, like with gVim? When I set t_Co=256, some themes look better, but they are still not exactly on par with the gVim ones. It seems that with today's technology, have full color in a linux tty should be no problem. For example, as many color as there are in hex (e.g. #bf3ea2) there should also be at least that many in a tty.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4377" }, { "creationDate": "2013-04-25T13:14:21.200", "id": "358657", "postId": "126", "score": "3", "text": "@trusktr google up CSApprox and CSExact vim extensions.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "136" }, { "creationDate": "2013-07-02T02:35:42.323", "id": "398994", "postId": "126", "score": "0", "text": "@MariusGedminas That's effing nice. Thanks. Too bad Linux console has only 16 colors.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4377" }, { "creationDate": "2013-12-28T02:49:11.877", "id": "508012", "postId": "126", "score": "0", "text": "Setting t_Co=256 also seems to work for xterm.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "54716" }, { "creationDate": "2017-10-20T10:35:58.430", "id": "1547764", "postId": "126", "score": "0", "text": "@trusktr When you're using a terminal emulator in Linux you're not using anything like \"today's technology\".", "userDisplayName": "user12753", "userId": null } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:55:23.690", "id": "126", "lastActivityDate": "2017-12-13T16:10:32.613", "lastEditDate": "2017-12-13T16:10:32.613", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "507051", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "136", "parentId": "67", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "80" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "A more general solution is to install the term type \"xterm-256color\". In 10.04 I think it's installed by default. Previously you needed to install \"ncurses-term\" to get it.\n\nThen set the term type in .bashrc with something like the following:\n\n<pre class=\"lang-bsh prettyprint-override\"><code>if [ -n \"$DISPLAY\" -a \"$TERM\" == \"xterm\" ]; then\n export TERM=xterm-256color\nfi\n</code></pre>\n\nIf you'd prefer to only have the 256 colour capability for certain programs (perhaps it confuses some others) use instead:\n\n<pre><code>TERM=xterm-256color myprogram\n</code></pre>\n\nand perhaps set that as an alias for the program.\n\nThen check your terminal colour capabilities with:\n\n<pre><code>$ tput colors\n256\n</code></pre>\n\nYou still may need the vim setting above to have vim recognise it. Most applications will recognise the 256 colours automatically (if they can use them).\n\nEmacs also has colour themes that are much better with 256 colours. To check if it 256-colour capable run:\n\n<pre><code>M-x list-colors-display\n</code></pre>\n\n<a href=\"https://gist.github.com/hSATAC/1095100\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">256colors.pl</a> is Perl script that will display all the colours in your terminal.\n", "commentCount": "6", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-03-02T20:48:54.040", "id": "31983", "postId": "789", "score": "1", "text": "Actually, gnome-256color is more correct for gnome-terminal.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "11729" }, { "creationDate": "2012-09-20T13:56:56.810", "id": "236807", "postId": "789", "score": "0", "text": "will it work in zsh, i don't use bash?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "70144" }, { "creationDate": "2013-01-21T21:06:14.733", "id": "305519", "postId": "789", "score": "2", "text": "Dave, I am not 100% sure if it is correct but here is a **oneliner version** of your command: `[[ -n \"$DISPLAY\" && \"$TERM\" = \"xterm\" ]] && export TERM=xterm-256color`. Please verify and feel free to add it to the post.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "18533" }, { "creationDate": "2013-09-16T16:31:06.427", "id": "443509", "postId": "789", "score": "0", "text": "@JJD Should work, but you can always use `;` to make everthing a one-liner.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "12824" }, { "creationDate": "2013-09-16T16:56:59.000", "id": "443528", "postId": "789", "score": "1", "text": "@dave-jennings The link to the script is broken.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "12824" }, { "creationDate": "2015-01-06T15:17:31.590", "id": "785119", "postId": "789", "score": "0", "text": "You should also check the value of `$COLORTERM`, to avoid false positives.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "189433" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-08-04T13:10:27.350", "id": "789", "lastActivityDate": "2017-12-13T16:11:45.847", "lastEditDate": "2017-12-13T16:11:45.847", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "507051", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "241", "parentId": "67", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "45" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Well, you can always configure Gvim to make it look like Vim. You just have to create a ~/.gvimrc file and paste in it these customisation tricks:\n\n<pre><code>set guioptions-=r \" no scrollbar on the right\nset guioptions-=l \" no scrollbar on the left\nset guioptions-=m \" no menu\nset guioptions-=T \" no toolbar\n</code></pre>\n\nI don't think this solves your problem, but who knows ;-)\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-11-25T15:18:53.653", "id": "14888", "lastActivityDate": "2010-11-25T15:18:53.653", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "6483", "parentId": "67", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Just include the line below into your <code>$HOME/.bashrc</code> (preferably in the last line of the file):\n\n<pre><code>export TERM=\"xterm-256color\"\n</code></pre>\n\nAnd save it. After, restart your gnome-terminal. This change will be available not only in vim, but for all your terminal applications.\n\nTo check if it works, run this little <a href=\"https://raw.github.com/incitat/eran-dotfiles/master/bin/terminalcolors.py\" rel=\"noreferrer\">script</a>:\n\n<pre class=\"lang-py prettyprint-override\"><code>#!/usr/bin/env python\n# Copyright (C) 2006 by Johannes Zellner, <johannes@zellner.org>\n# modified by mac@calmar.ws to fit my output needs\n# modified by crncosta@carloscosta.org to fit my output needs\n\nimport sys\nimport os\n\ndef echo(msg):\n os.system('echo -n \"' + str(msg) + '\"')\n\ndef out(n):\n os.system(\"tput setab \" + str(n) + \"; echo -n \" + (\"\\\"% 4d\\\"\" % n))\n os.system(\"tput setab 0\")\n\n# normal colors 1 - 16\nos.system(\"tput setaf 16\")\nfor n in range(8):\n out(n)\necho(\"\\n\")\nfor n in range(8, 16):\n out(n)\n\necho(\"\\n\")\necho(\"\\n\")\n\ny=16\nwhile y < 231:\n for z in range(0,6):\n out(y)\n y += 1\n\n echo(\"\\n\")\n\n\necho(\"\\n\")\n\nfor n in range(232, 256):\n out(n)\n if n == 237 or n == 243 or n == 249:\n echo(\"\\n\")\n\necho(\"\\n\")\nos.system(\"tput setaf 7\")\nos.system(\"tput setab 0\")\n</code></pre>\n\nThereafter, you will see something like the following (depends on your gnome-terminal theme):\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/Cpd5t.png\" alt=\"terminal\">\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2015-01-28T06:50:48.030", "id": "799379", "postId": "14891", "score": "2", "text": "I wonder why make the script in Python if it only contains shell commands. There are loops, whiles, ifs and functions in Bash, you know ;)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "11015" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-11-25T16:21:28.340", "id": "14891", "lastActivityDate": "2013-10-08T11:00:45.477", "lastEditDate": "2013-10-08T11:00:45.477", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "114818", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5944", "parentId": "67", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "36" } ]

null

69

1

85

2010-07-28T19:54:16.020

13

1666

I work with multiple computers for various reasons. I want to keep those computers in sync configuration wise. I already have a VCS based setup that allows me to manually update configurations on multiple hosts. But i'm looking for a way to do this automatically. What I'm looking for is: <ul> <li>A way to sync configuration (vim, ssh, evolution)</li> <li>keeping certain directories in sync (like ~/Documents)</li> </ul> This is all user configuration and not system configuration. At times the workstation can be offline or behind a slow link, so being able to detect that and act accordingly is a plus.

42

null

2010-08-11T12:24:36.597

Keeping multiple workstations in sync

[ "sync", "configuration", "user-data", "multiple-workstations" ]

5

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "If you don't have any confidential data in those files, you could use <a href=\"http://www.dropbox.com/\" rel=\"noreferrer\">Dropbox</a> to keep them automatically in sync across multiple machines. The Dropbox daemon will synchronize one folder, usually <code>~/Dropbox</code>, but you can include other files or directories in the synchronization by symlinking them into that folder. (I think Dropbox may also offer some other method to keep multiple folders in sync, but I can't find the directions right now)\n", "commentCount": "6", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:35:48.027", "id": "93", "postId": "85", "score": "0", "text": "You can symbolically link folders into `~/Dropbox` with `ln -s`, which achieves something similar.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "66" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:56:39.130", "id": "108", "postId": "85", "score": "1", "text": "@lfaraone: yep, that's what I was saying about symlinking things into the Dropbox folder.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "104" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T09:50:16.557", "id": "256", "postId": "85", "score": "0", "text": "Using dropbox or ubuntu one is an option, but it rules out certain servers which wouldn't be able to sync from such a location. I guess my only option is to continue with the VCS based solution", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "42" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-30T06:18:21.187", "id": "414", "postId": "85", "score": "0", "text": "Even though I'm unable to use Dropbox or Ubuntu One in this case, this answer is the most useful one.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "42" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-30T08:03:15.997", "id": "417", "postId": "85", "score": "0", "text": "@Ressu: thanks :-) but why exactly aren't you able to use Dropbox? Are your servers behind a firewall or something?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "104" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-30T08:45:44.490", "id": "418", "postId": "85", "score": "0", "text": "The reason is that I need those same files on certain servers and getting dropbox to run properly on those hosts without making it globally installed for everyone is a difficult task. Not to mention that I don't have root privileges on certain hosts. But your answer matches the given parameters of the question =)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "42" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:06:17.270", "id": "85", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:06:17.270", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "104", "parentId": "69", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "If you don't have any confidential data in those files, you could use <a href=\"http://www.dropbox.com/\" rel=\"noreferrer\">Dropbox</a> to keep them automatically in sync across multiple machines. The Dropbox daemon will synchronize one folder, usually <code>~/Dropbox</code>, but you can include other files or directories in the synchronization by symlinking them into that folder. (I think Dropbox may also offer some other method to keep multiple folders in sync, but I can't find the directions right now)\n", "commentCount": "6", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:35:48.027", "id": "93", "postId": "85", "score": "0", "text": "You can symbolically link folders into `~/Dropbox` with `ln -s`, which achieves something similar.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "66" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:56:39.130", "id": "108", "postId": "85", "score": "1", "text": "@lfaraone: yep, that's what I was saying about symlinking things into the Dropbox folder.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "104" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T09:50:16.557", "id": "256", "postId": "85", "score": "0", "text": "Using dropbox or ubuntu one is an option, but it rules out certain servers which wouldn't be able to sync from such a location. I guess my only option is to continue with the VCS based solution", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "42" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-30T06:18:21.187", "id": "414", "postId": "85", "score": "0", "text": "Even though I'm unable to use Dropbox or Ubuntu One in this case, this answer is the most useful one.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "42" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-30T08:03:15.997", "id": "417", "postId": "85", "score": "0", "text": "@Ressu: thanks :-) but why exactly aren't you able to use Dropbox? Are your servers behind a firewall or something?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "104" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-30T08:45:44.490", "id": "418", "postId": "85", "score": "0", "text": "The reason is that I need those same files on certain servers and getting dropbox to run properly on those hosts without making it globally installed for everyone is a difficult task. Not to mention that I don't have root privileges on certain hosts. But your answer matches the given parameters of the question =)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "42" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:06:17.270", "id": "85", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:06:17.270", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "104", "parentId": "69", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "While I'd recommend <a href=\"http://dropbox.com/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Dropbox</a> (a better cross-platform solution) if all your workstations are Ubuntu-based you could use Ubuntu One. If you're looking for something more powerful have a look at <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rsync\" rel=\"nofollow\">rsync</a>.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T22:04:38.773", "id": "172", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T22:04:38.773", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "28", "parentId": "69", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "You could create a shared Git repository on a private server with SSH access. For example, I am using a nearlyfreespeech.net account for this, and cost is very low. \n\nIf you want to get fancy you can create a cron script to automatically push/pull changes every so often, always keeping your files up-to-date. As long as you don't work on two machines simultaneously, then you should never encounter any merge conflicts.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T09:46:32.330", "id": "255", "postId": "178", "score": "0", "text": "This is similar to what i already have. I'm looking for a more automated solution. Although using cron would work..", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "42" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T22:25:35.010", "id": "178", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T22:25:35.010", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "163", "parentId": "69", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<a href=\"http://www.canonical.com/enterprise-services/landscape\" rel=\"nofollow\">Landscape</a> is paid service by canonical for managing and monitoring multiple ubuntu systems.\nWhat's better is that by paying for it you also support Ubuntu!\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-08-05T12:57:58.703", "id": "1044", "postId": "1089", "score": "0", "text": "I doubt landscape manages user profiles", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "42" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-05T12:33:08.547", "id": "1089", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-05T12:33:08.547", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "305", "parentId": "69", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Another free service you could use is <a href=\"https://spideroak.com/\" rel=\"nofollow\" title=\"SpiderOak\">Spideroak</a>, which is a bit less simple than Dropbox and UbuntuOne but on the other hand more flexible: You can select any folder you want for backup and decide which folders to sync. This allows nicer configurations because you can use the service for backing up data that you don't want to synchronize on all machines.\n\nAnother advantage (although it is hard to check whether this is really true): All data is encrypted, they have a <a href=\"https://spideroak.com/faq/is_spideroak_really_zero_knowledge_could_you_read_a_users_data_if_forced_at_gunpoint\" rel=\"nofollow\">\"zero knowledge policy\"</a> which means they don't even know the names of your files.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-11T12:24:36.597", "id": "1935", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-11T12:24:36.597", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "275", "parentId": "69", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" } ]

null

72

1

76791

2010-07-28T19:57:32.173

9

311

I am using my machine with multiple accounts logged in at the same time. I am using KDM desktop manager and KDE desktop. Ever since I upgraded to Karmic, when using one user the second user, who is active on another virtual terminal, gets logged out automatically. I have looked through the logs and can't find anything that would cause this. What should I be looking into to figure it out? Is there some sort of feature that was turned on through the upgrades? (the machine has been through many releases..).

103

527764

2021-05-16T07:17:07.440

How can I prevent myself from getting logged out automatically in a multi-user setup?

[ "kde", "users" ]

2

0

CC BY-SA 4.0

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "In the end I lived with this for a while and ended up upgrading Ubuntu to a newer version and it went away. So not sure what it was but probably a bug somewhere.. \n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-11-07T16:14:59.273", "id": "76791", "lastActivityDate": "2011-11-07T16:14:59.273", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "103", "parentId": "72", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "You can check that you have enough TTY's:\n\nOpen a terminal and do:\n\n<pre><code>grep tty /etc/default/console-setup\n</code></pre>\n\nIt should show (check the last number, it should say 6):\n\n<pre><code>ACTIVE_CONSOLES=\"/dev/tty[1-6]\"\n</code></pre>\n\nIf not, edit the /etc/default/console-setup file by typing:\n\n<pre><code>gksudo gedit /etc/default/console-setup\n</code></pre>\n\nAnd look for ACTIVE_CONSOLES, and make the line look this:\n\n<pre><code>ACTIVE_CONSOLES=\"/dev/tty[1-6]\"\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-30T19:00:14.977", "id": "462", "postId": "186", "score": "1", "text": "there are enough ttys.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "103" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T22:33:55.817", "id": "186", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T22:33:55.817", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "154", "parentId": "72", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "In the end I lived with this for a while and ended up upgrading Ubuntu to a newer version and it went away. So not sure what it was but probably a bug somewhere.. \n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-11-07T16:14:59.273", "id": "76791", "lastActivityDate": "2011-11-07T16:14:59.273", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "103", "parentId": "72", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" } ]

null

76

1

129

2010-07-28T20:00:15.083

134

30948

What are the differences between <code>apt-get</code>, <code>aptitude</code>, and <code>synaptic</code>, and which one is the recommended choice for normal day-to-day package management? This is a basic question, but I think it'd be good information to have on the site, and besides I am relatively new to Ubuntu so I could use an expert explanation.

104

274320

2015-10-30T17:45:40.107

What's the difference between package managers?

[ "package-management" ]

7

4

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:06:45.600", "id": "63", "postId": "76", "score": "1", "text": "I have also seen people recommending tasksel. Maybe someone could explain what this one is good for too?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "27" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:08:03.320", "id": "65", "postId": "76", "score": "2", "text": "`tasksel` is for selecting specific tasks, not for installing J. Random Package.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "66" }, { "creationDate": "2010-10-01T09:26:49.693", "id": "1279042", "postId": "76", "score": "0", "text": "An [excellent comparison][1] of `apt-get` and `aptitude`, with a special mention of my favourite front-end, `wajig`. [1]:http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/767/what-is-the-real-difference-between-apt-get-and-aptitude-how-about-wajig", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2591" }, { "creationDate": "2010-10-01T09:58:30.600", "id": "1279043", "postId": "76", "score": "0", "text": "For a more detailed comparison of `apt-get` and `aptitude` see another question on this site - [Is aptitude really better than apt-get?](http://ubuntu.stackexchange.com/questions/1743/is-aptitude-really-better-than-apt-get)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "866" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Probably the most popular package managers are apt-get, aptitude, synaptic, and Software Center. There are others (Linux Mint has its own, and there are some designed for KDE), but these are the ones you'll run into most often.\n\napt-get is a simple command-line tool. It's handy if you know the exact package name of what you want to install and don't want to spend time clicking through a GUI to get it.\n\naptitude is very similar to apt-get, and I've heard that it deals better with crazy dependency situations. Which one is really better is debatable.\n\nsynaptic is a low-level GUI. This is a good choice if you are a fairly advanced user but are not comfortable with command-line utilities.\n\nSoftware Center is a very high-level, new-user-friendly GUI. Software is nicely categorized so that, if you're not exactly sure what app you want, you can find what you need quickly. The Software Center also stands out in that it is the only package manager in this list that allows you to purchase commercial applications.\n\ndpkg is a lesser-used, low-level package manager standard for most Debian-based systems. In reality, apt-get, aptitude, synaptic, and the Ubuntu Software Center are all just front-ends to either dpkg or apt, which is in itself a front-end to dpkg.\n\nIn answer to your question, \"which one is the recommended choice for normal day-to-day package management\", I would say that Software Center is recommended for most uses. But as you gain more experience, you will find some of the features of lower-level package managers useful.\n", "commentCount": "11", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-08-03T20:33:30.773", "id": "738", "postId": "129", "score": "0", "text": "I have to wonder what the point is of Synaptic at this point. People who want libs use the command line, and people that want programs use Software Center?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "324" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-03T21:39:19.653", "id": "751", "postId": "129", "score": "0", "text": "To be honest, I rarely use Synaptic any more, and at the moment I can't think of any particular reason I would use Synaptic over one of the other tools (though I do from time to time). Good question.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "130" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-04T21:20:49.237", "id": "891", "postId": "129", "score": "11", "text": "aptitude vs apt-get is not debatable, aptitude is an improvement over apt-get, and perfectly compatible with it.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "446" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-05T02:26:16.297", "id": "948", "postId": "129", "score": "1", "text": "I don't have the knowledge to debate it, but I've seen others debate it. So to the best of my knowledge it's debatable. As for compatibility, I've heard that it's best not to use both. But again, I don't know. I'll leave that for another question. :-)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "130" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-08T22:42:32.477", "id": "1571", "postId": "129", "score": "0", "text": "Somehow this never occurred to me before, but I actually do use KDE (Kubuntu) primarily, so it'd be a nice bonus to have similar descriptions of the KDE package managers edited in. Not that this answer isn't great as is ;-)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "104" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-09T13:50:35.763", "id": "1640", "postId": "129", "score": "0", "text": "I've actually used Ubuntu for three years and never touched Kubuntu. So I don't know enough about her package managers to compare them. Perhaps you could write up a comparison and propose a new answer. (Hey, who ever said you can't have two good answers?) :-)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "130" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-16T04:21:42.183", "id": "2302", "postId": "129", "score": "0", "text": "@mac: completely missed your comment until now, but that's a good idea. I'll get on that.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "104" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-23T21:31:10.720", "id": "2920", "postId": "129", "score": "0", "text": "Done ;-) If you'd like to edit the information on KDE package managers into your answer, I'll delete mine.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "104" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-24T11:32:09.823", "id": "2947", "postId": "129", "score": "0", "text": "That's all right, I'll leave it in your answer. You deserve a few rep points for your effort. :-) Thanks!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "130" }, { "creationDate": "2010-09-09T23:23:08.723", "id": "3951", "postId": "129", "score": "0", "text": "It isn't really Ubuntu related but Mint 9 has 'Software Manager' which is the equivalent to Ubuntu's 'Software Center'. Although it doesn't support application sharing, it does add 5 star ratings and reviews to make sorting the wheat from the chaff of software packages a lot easier. For a comparison see this http://www.linuxnov.com/ubuntu-10-10-alpha-2-software-center-vs-linux-mint-9-software-manager/", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2139" }, { "creationDate": "2010-10-18T09:59:59.770", "id": "7938", "postId": "129", "score": "3", "text": "aptitude allows advanced package management features such as package holding which apt-get lacks.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4303" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:59:19.793", "id": "129", "lastActivityDate": "2013-02-20T21:04:59.787", "lastEditDate": "2013-02-20T21:04:59.787", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "47437", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "130", "parentId": "76", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "114" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "I personally prefer apt-get because it's a command-line program. And the syntax for installing packages is very simple:\n\n<pre>\nsudo apt-get install packagename\n</pre>\n\nI use apt-get on a day to day basis for installing and removing packages.\n\nSynaptic is GUI-based and aptitude is text-based.\n", "commentCount": "4", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T01:13:16.250", "id": "179", "postId": "81", "score": "0", "text": "`aptitude` can also be used interactively, and for a long time had features most of the other libapt clients lacked.\n\n`sudo aptitude install` works just as well as `sudo apt-get install`. `sudo apitude search` works just as well as `sudo apt-cache search`.\n\nAptitude is, however, slated for removal in the future.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "186" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-05T07:22:11.923", "id": "984", "postId": "81", "score": "0", "text": "@Broam can you provide a source for the claim that Aptitude is slated for removal? Googling around I couldn't find anything about that.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "588" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-05T14:58:48.463", "id": "1084", "postId": "81", "score": "0", "text": "It's slated for removal in default install, like GIMP.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "186" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-05T14:59:08.107", "id": "1085", "postId": "81", "score": "2", "text": "http://www.webupd8.org/2010/06/aptitude-removed-from-ubuntu-1010.html", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "186" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:04:38.053", "id": "81", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:04:38.053", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5", "parentId": "76", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "The <a href=\"http://www.debian.org/doc/FAQ/ch-pkgtools.en.html\">Debian FAQ</a> has a pretty good explanation of the different package managers. (<code>dpkg</code>, <code>apt-get</code>, <code>aptitude</code>, <code>tasksel</code>, <code>synaptic</code>)\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2017-07-27T14:21:59.907", "id": "1492443", "postId": "87", "score": "1", "text": "While this link may answer the question, it is better to include the essential parts of the answer here and provide the link for reference. Link-only answers can become invalid if the linked page changes. - [From Review](/review/low-quality-posts/738352)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "167850" }, { "creationDate": "2017-07-27T18:22:25.253", "id": "1492622", "postId": "87", "score": "1", "text": "Seven years later?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "66" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:07:26.550", "id": "87", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:07:26.550", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "66", "parentId": "76", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "18" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "Probably the most popular package managers are apt-get, aptitude, synaptic, and Software Center. There are others (Linux Mint has its own, and there are some designed for KDE), but these are the ones you'll run into most often.\n\napt-get is a simple command-line tool. It's handy if you know the exact package name of what you want to install and don't want to spend time clicking through a GUI to get it.\n\naptitude is very similar to apt-get, and I've heard that it deals better with crazy dependency situations. Which one is really better is debatable.\n\nsynaptic is a low-level GUI. This is a good choice if you are a fairly advanced user but are not comfortable with command-line utilities.\n\nSoftware Center is a very high-level, new-user-friendly GUI. Software is nicely categorized so that, if you're not exactly sure what app you want, you can find what you need quickly. The Software Center also stands out in that it is the only package manager in this list that allows you to purchase commercial applications.\n\ndpkg is a lesser-used, low-level package manager standard for most Debian-based systems. In reality, apt-get, aptitude, synaptic, and the Ubuntu Software Center are all just front-ends to either dpkg or apt, which is in itself a front-end to dpkg.\n\nIn answer to your question, \"which one is the recommended choice for normal day-to-day package management\", I would say that Software Center is recommended for most uses. But as you gain more experience, you will find some of the features of lower-level package managers useful.\n", "commentCount": "11", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-08-03T20:33:30.773", "id": "738", "postId": "129", "score": "0", "text": "I have to wonder what the point is of Synaptic at this point. People who want libs use the command line, and people that want programs use Software Center?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "324" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-03T21:39:19.653", "id": "751", "postId": "129", "score": "0", "text": "To be honest, I rarely use Synaptic any more, and at the moment I can't think of any particular reason I would use Synaptic over one of the other tools (though I do from time to time). Good question.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "130" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-04T21:20:49.237", "id": "891", "postId": "129", "score": "11", "text": "aptitude vs apt-get is not debatable, aptitude is an improvement over apt-get, and perfectly compatible with it.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "446" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-05T02:26:16.297", "id": "948", "postId": "129", "score": "1", "text": "I don't have the knowledge to debate it, but I've seen others debate it. So to the best of my knowledge it's debatable. As for compatibility, I've heard that it's best not to use both. But again, I don't know. I'll leave that for another question. :-)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "130" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-08T22:42:32.477", "id": "1571", "postId": "129", "score": "0", "text": "Somehow this never occurred to me before, but I actually do use KDE (Kubuntu) primarily, so it'd be a nice bonus to have similar descriptions of the KDE package managers edited in. Not that this answer isn't great as is ;-)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "104" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-09T13:50:35.763", "id": "1640", "postId": "129", "score": "0", "text": "I've actually used Ubuntu for three years and never touched Kubuntu. So I don't know enough about her package managers to compare them. Perhaps you could write up a comparison and propose a new answer. (Hey, who ever said you can't have two good answers?) :-)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "130" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-16T04:21:42.183", "id": "2302", "postId": "129", "score": "0", "text": "@mac: completely missed your comment until now, but that's a good idea. I'll get on that.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "104" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-23T21:31:10.720", "id": "2920", "postId": "129", "score": "0", "text": "Done ;-) If you'd like to edit the information on KDE package managers into your answer, I'll delete mine.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "104" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-24T11:32:09.823", "id": "2947", "postId": "129", "score": "0", "text": "That's all right, I'll leave it in your answer. You deserve a few rep points for your effort. :-) Thanks!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "130" }, { "creationDate": "2010-09-09T23:23:08.723", "id": "3951", "postId": "129", "score": "0", "text": "It isn't really Ubuntu related but Mint 9 has 'Software Manager' which is the equivalent to Ubuntu's 'Software Center'. Although it doesn't support application sharing, it does add 5 star ratings and reviews to make sorting the wheat from the chaff of software packages a lot easier. For a comparison see this http://www.linuxnov.com/ubuntu-10-10-alpha-2-software-center-vs-linux-mint-9-software-manager/", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2139" }, { "creationDate": "2010-10-18T09:59:59.770", "id": "7938", "postId": "129", "score": "3", "text": "aptitude allows advanced package management features such as package holding which apt-get lacks.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4303" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:59:19.793", "id": "129", "lastActivityDate": "2013-02-20T21:04:59.787", "lastEditDate": "2013-02-20T21:04:59.787", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "47437", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "130", "parentId": "76", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "114" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "As an addition to <a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/76/whats-the-difference-between-ubuntus-package-managers/129#129\">mac9416's excellent answer</a>, Kubuntu offers the same command-line tools as Ubuntu, namely <code>dpkg</code>, <code>apt-get</code>, and <code>aptitude</code>. There are also two graphical package managers:\n\nAdept is a straightforward GUI for <code>apt-get</code>, which lets you edit the source lists, browse packages by category or by name, see their status, and install/uninstall them.\n\nKPackageKit is a simple GUI for PackageKit, which is a newer, cross-distribution package management system that uses <code>apt-get</code> behind the scenes. It lets you search for programs by various criteria, install and uninstall programs, make routine upgrades, and edit the source lists.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2018-08-20T00:58:09.917", "id": "1748625", "postId": "2986", "score": "0", "text": "`KPackageKit` is now replaced by `Apper`.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "562148" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-23T21:30:03.480", "id": "2986", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-23T21:30:03.480", "lastEditDate": "2017-04-12T07:23:19.023", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "104", "parentId": "76", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "14" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Basically, they only differ in how low-level they are.\n\ndpkg: not even a proper package manager, apt uses it\n\napt-get: command-line, only if you know the package name\n\naptitude: text-based, but user friendly\n\nsynaptic: equivalent of aptitude in GUI\n\nSoftware Center: for everyday users\n\nBTW, these are all front-ends of apt (except dpkg), which is the only package manager on Ubuntu.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-10-31T11:54:28.347", "id": "10553", "lastActivityDate": "2013-04-02T00:06:41.587", "lastEditDate": "2013-04-02T00:06:41.587", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "65926", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5085", "parentId": "76", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "One other tool that has hardly received mention is <code>tasksel</code>. It's used for selecting specific tasks, mark them for installation, and then installing them (possibly using <code>aptitude</code> -- not sure).\n\nRun <code>tasksel --list-tasks</code> to have a look at what tasks are available.\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-01-18T18:12:52.830", "id": "23903", "postId": "22149", "score": "0", "text": "That actually was mentioned in the comments on the question.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "104" }, { "creationDate": "2011-01-22T19:14:40.507", "id": "24618", "postId": "22149", "score": "1", "text": "@david I saw that mention, but comments are 2nd class citizens.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2591" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2011-01-18T17:36:02.237", "id": "22149", "lastActivityDate": "2011-01-18T17:36:02.237", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "2591", "parentId": "76", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "One key difference between aptitude and apt-get which has escaped notice above is that <code>aptitude</code>, unlike <code>apt-get</code>, will offer you different options in case there is a dependency clash. <code>apt-get</code> will simply fail. <code>aptitude</code> is much more flexible and versatile for that reason. Having never used a GUI package manager, I don't know how Synaptic and others handle such situations.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-07-28T10:59:00.603", "id": "169234", "lastActivityDate": "2012-10-11T11:47:58.797", "lastEditDate": "2012-10-11T11:47:58.797", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "22949", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "79842", "parentId": "76", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" } ]

null

80

1

84

2010-07-28T20:04:00.113

25

3639

I'd like to have a Gmail notification service in my Epiphany indicator applet, without leaving Evolution open in the background all the time. Right now I only get notifications if Evolution is open. Strangely, this is not the case with Google calendars in Evolution -- evolution can be closed yet I still get applet notifications through the clock/calendar applet.

109

null

2015-06-25T18:33:00.143

How can I get Gmail notification in my indicator applet (without leaving Evolution open)?

[ "panel", "indicator", "gmail" ]

4

1

CC BY-SA 2.5

[ { "creationDate": "2010-08-06T17:57:27.713", "id": "1317", "postId": "80", "score": "0", "text": "For each of the answers, can people also list whether that answer also supports google apps accounts, and whether it supports multiple accounts?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "880" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "<a href=\"https://launchpad.net/gm-notify\" rel=\"nofollow\">Gmail Notifier</a> is probably the best option for what you are trying to accomplish.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:07:34.350", "id": "64", "postId": "84", "score": "3", "text": "Search \"Ubuntu Software Center\" for gm-notify to install.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "12" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:06:11.593", "id": "84", "lastActivityDate": "2015-06-25T18:33:00.143", "lastEditDate": "2015-06-25T18:33:00.143", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "367165", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "9", "parentId": "80", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "14" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "<a href=\"https://launchpad.net/gm-notify\" rel=\"nofollow\">Gmail Notifier</a> is probably the best option for what you are trying to accomplish.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:07:34.350", "id": "64", "postId": "84", "score": "3", "text": "Search \"Ubuntu Software Center\" for gm-notify to install.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "12" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:06:11.593", "id": "84", "lastActivityDate": "2015-06-25T18:33:00.143", "lastEditDate": "2015-06-25T18:33:00.143", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "367165", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "9", "parentId": "80", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "14" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I've had good luck with <a href=\"http://packages.ubuntu.com/lucid/checkgmail\" rel=\"nofollow\">CheckGmail</a>. Has a nice GUI, cool toaster popups, and allows you take actions on emails from the tray. \n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install checkgmail; checkgmail &\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-10-01T07:20:56.240", "id": "5111", "postId": "92", "score": "0", "text": "CheckGmail is the only one of these that: 1. Displays the full text of the email. 2. Allows archiving/deleting/marking as read from the popup.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2383" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:10:10.537", "id": "92", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:10:10.537", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "66", "parentId": "80", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I use CloudSN (Cloud Services Notification). It supports gmail, google reader, pop3, imap, twitter, identi.ca\n\n<a href=\"http://chuchiperriman.github.com/cloud-services-notifications/\" rel=\"noreferrer\">http://chuchiperriman.github.com/cloud-services-notifications/</a> (PPA available)\n\nThe best part is that it supports multiple accounts.\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/bYqJn.png\" alt=\"alt text\">\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-09-25T00:22:06.697", "id": "4847", "postId": "940", "score": "0", "text": "This is interesting, something new I'd better not mess with, but ... oh, man, supports google reader / identica too? dammit.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2383" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-05T00:51:57.760", "id": "940", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-06T17:53:38.327", "lastEditDate": "2010-08-06T17:53:38.327", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "289", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "289", "parentId": "80", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Check out GMailWatcher. It is still in early development stage, but works quite well. I am using it for over a month now. Recommended.\n\nIntroductory Blogpost: owaislone.org/blog/2010/jul/gmail-watcher \nLaunchpad URL: <a href=\"https://launchpad.net/gmailwatcher\" rel=\"nofollow\">https://launchpad.net/gmailwatcher</a>\n\nPPA \n\n<pre><code>$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:loneowais/ppa \n$ sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install gmailwatcher\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-05T06:04:52.933", "id": "971", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-05T06:04:52.933", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "584", "parentId": "80", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" } ]

null

82

1

88

2010-07-28T20:04:55.137

15

8880

I have just installed a 10.04 LTS on my development server but the system that I need to run on it (Magento ecommerce) is not compatible with PHP 5.3 which ships with the newest version of Ubuntu. Is there a safe and upgrade-proof way of getting PHP 5.2 installed or will it be easier to use an older version of Ubuntu?

27

235

2012-02-08T20:41:25.757

2015-03-25T13:56:10.997

How to rollback to PHP 5.2?

[ "package-management", "php", "compatibility" ]

4

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "You can use my <a href=\"https://launchpad.net/~txwikinger/+archive/php5.2\" rel=\"nofollow\">ppa</a>, that I have created for this purpose. Please take notice of the pinning that is necessary. Also, aptitude will not recognize the pinning. You must use the aptitude specific method if you want to use it.\n\nNote - this is for 10.04 (lucid) only\n", "commentCount": "7", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:08:53.317", "id": "67", "postId": "88", "score": "1", "text": "Where *is* your PPA?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:10:35.933", "id": "70", "postId": "88", "score": "0", "text": "Sorry.. I am not so fast :D https://launchpad.net/~txwikinger/+archive/php5.2", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-30T18:23:54.863", "id": "459", "postId": "88", "score": "0", "text": "Could you also explain what I should do with this ppa?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "27" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-30T20:09:08.663", "id": "473", "postId": "88", "score": "0", "text": "@silvo: you need to add the ppa to your sources lists, either by using your package manager or using add-apt-repository on the commandline. The details for the ppa are on the website of the ppa.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4" }, { "creationDate": "2011-02-08T16:31:09.673", "id": "27654", "postId": "88", "score": "0", "text": "This is pretty much the perfect answer, thanks. For those unsure, to add the ppa to your sources do `sudo add-apt-repository ppa:txwikinger/php5.2` from the command line. Be sure to follow the ppa link in the post and apply txwikinger's pinning solution. Make sure you run `sudo apt-get update` before you try and install the packages!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "317" }, { "creationDate": "2011-02-08T16:33:50.840", "id": "27656", "postId": "88", "score": "0", "text": "If you are uninstalling an existing PHP instance first, make sure you grab a list of the packages you have first `dpkg -l | grep php| awk '{print $2}' |tr \"\\n\" \" \"`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "317" }, { "creationDate": "2011-02-08T17:56:06.443", "id": "27674", "postId": "88", "score": "0", "text": "Lastly, (I hope) php5-imagick isn't in that ppa so I couldn't install it. Worked around by grabbing php-pear (which is in the ppa) and using `sudo pecl install imagick`. (You'll need to install `libmagickwand-dev` if you don't have it for the module to compile)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "317" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:07:41.433", "id": "88", "lastActivityDate": "2015-03-25T13:56:10.997", "lastEditDate": "2015-03-25T13:56:10.997", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "14356", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "4", "parentId": "82", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "10" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "You can use my <a href=\"https://launchpad.net/~txwikinger/+archive/php5.2\" rel=\"nofollow\">ppa</a>, that I have created for this purpose. Please take notice of the pinning that is necessary. Also, aptitude will not recognize the pinning. You must use the aptitude specific method if you want to use it.\n\nNote - this is for 10.04 (lucid) only\n", "commentCount": "7", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:08:53.317", "id": "67", "postId": "88", "score": "1", "text": "Where *is* your PPA?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:10:35.933", "id": "70", "postId": "88", "score": "0", "text": "Sorry.. I am not so fast :D https://launchpad.net/~txwikinger/+archive/php5.2", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-30T18:23:54.863", "id": "459", "postId": "88", "score": "0", "text": "Could you also explain what I should do with this ppa?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "27" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-30T20:09:08.663", "id": "473", "postId": "88", "score": "0", "text": "@silvo: you need to add the ppa to your sources lists, either by using your package manager or using add-apt-repository on the commandline. The details for the ppa are on the website of the ppa.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4" }, { "creationDate": "2011-02-08T16:31:09.673", "id": "27654", "postId": "88", "score": "0", "text": "This is pretty much the perfect answer, thanks. For those unsure, to add the ppa to your sources do `sudo add-apt-repository ppa:txwikinger/php5.2` from the command line. Be sure to follow the ppa link in the post and apply txwikinger's pinning solution. Make sure you run `sudo apt-get update` before you try and install the packages!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "317" }, { "creationDate": "2011-02-08T16:33:50.840", "id": "27656", "postId": "88", "score": "0", "text": "If you are uninstalling an existing PHP instance first, make sure you grab a list of the packages you have first `dpkg -l | grep php| awk '{print $2}' |tr \"\\n\" \" \"`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "317" }, { "creationDate": "2011-02-08T17:56:06.443", "id": "27674", "postId": "88", "score": "0", "text": "Lastly, (I hope) php5-imagick isn't in that ppa so I couldn't install it. Worked around by grabbing php-pear (which is in the ppa) and using `sudo pecl install imagick`. (You'll need to install `libmagickwand-dev` if you don't have it for the module to compile)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "317" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:07:41.433", "id": "88", "lastActivityDate": "2015-03-25T13:56:10.997", "lastEditDate": "2015-03-25T13:56:10.997", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "14356", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "4", "parentId": "82", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "10" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "It is possible to use karmic packages and pin them with aptitude. This can be done by using this commands:\n\n<pre><code># remove all php packge\nsudo aptitude purge `dpkg -l | grep php| awk '{print $2}' |tr \"\\n\" \" \"`\n# use karmiс for php pakage\n# pin-params: a (archive), c (components), v (version), o (origin) and l (label).\necho -e \"Package: php5\\nPin: release a=karmic\\nPin-Priority: 991\\n\" | sudo tee /etc/apt/preferences.d/php > /dev/null\napt-cache search php5-|grep php5-|awk '{print \"Package:\", $1,\"\\nPin: release a=karmic\\nPin-Priority: 991\\n\"}'|sudo tee -a /etc/apt/preferences.d/php > /dev/null\napt-cache search -n libapache2-mod-php5 |awk '{print \"Package:\", $1,\"\\nPin: release a=karmic\\nPin-Priority: 991\\n\"}'| sudo tee -a /etc/apt/preferences.d/php > /dev/null\necho -e \"Package: php-pear\\nPin: release a=karmic\\nPin-Priority: 991\\n\" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/preferences.d/php > /dev/null\n# add karmic to source list\ngrep 'main restricted' /etc/apt/sources.list|grep -v \"#\"| sed s/lucid/karmic/g | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/karmic.list > /dev/null\n# update package database (use apt-get if aptitude crash)\nsudo apt-get update\n# install php\nsudo aptitude install -t karmic php5-cli php5-cgi\n# or (and) sudo apt-get install -t karmic libapache2-mod-php5\nsudo aptitude hold `dpkg -l | grep php5| awk '{print $2}' |tr \"\\n\" \" \"`\n#done\n</code></pre>\n\nGot this from <a href=\"http://mrkandy.wordpress.com/2010/04/16/install-php-5-2-x-in-ubuntu-10-04-lucid/\" rel=\"nofollow\">link text</a>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:47:21.763", "id": "163", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T21:47:21.763", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "134", "parentId": "82", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "There's a great blog post about this at <a href=\"http://civicactions.com/blog/2010/may/26/ubuntu_1004_and_drupal?page=1#comment-3717\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://civicactions.com/blog/2010/may/26/ubuntu_1004_and_drupal?page=1#comment-3717</a>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-11-24T05:21:15.057", "id": "14667", "lastActivityDate": "2010-11-24T05:21:15.057", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5103", "parentId": "82", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I've recently tried to solve the same problem myself. Instead of making changes to the package management I compiled PHP 5.2.17 from the source code myself and then used the program <a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CheckInstall\" rel=\"nofollow\">Checkinstall</a> to install the new .deb package on my system.\n\nI wrote up the steps in a blog post, <a href=\"http://earthviaradio.wordpress.com/2011/02/04/compiling-php-5-2-for-ubuntu-10-10/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Compiling PHP 5.2 for Ubuntu 10.10</a>, but the steps basically involved the following:\n\n<ol>\n<li>Download PHP source (http://php.net/downloads.php) to /usr/local/src</li>\n<li>Configure source, reading INSTALL doc and output from ./configure --help</li>\n</ol>\n\nmy configure command looked like this:\n\n<pre><code>./configure --prefix=/opt --with-apxs2=/usr/bin/apxs2 --with-curl=/usr/lib --with-pgsql --with-pear --with-mysql --with-gd\n</code></pre>\n\n<ol>\n<li>Compile the source using 'make'</li>\n<li>Install the compiled package using 'checkinstall'</li>\n</ol>\n\nAnd that was it. I had already installed Apache2 using Synaptic (you need to use the apache2-mpm-prefork package for use with PHP). Also if you had any PHP5 pacakges already installed you would need to uninstall them before trying to install your own compiled package.\n\nCompiling the package yourself really doesn't take long at all and is a good experience if you haven't done it already on your Ubuntu machine.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2011-02-04T08:34:48.423", "id": "24730", "lastActivityDate": "2011-02-04T08:34:48.423", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": "user10207", "ownerUserId": null, "parentId": "82", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" } ]

null

83

1

103

2010-07-28T20:05:50.937

53

60995

Can you explain briefly the main concepts and command line tools used to manage file permissions?

106

175814

2018-04-05T20:31:24.470

2020-06-28T14:36:08.560

How do file permissions work?

[ "command-line", "permissions", "chmod" ]

2

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Each file has rights for three different categories:\n\n<ul>\n<li>the owner of the file,</li>\n<li>the group associated with the file, and</li>\n<li>everybody else.</li>\n</ul>\n\nRights mean the right to read the file, the right to write to the file, or the right to execute the file in case of a script or program.\n\nOn the CLI, you may\n\n<ul>\n<li>change the owner with <code>chown</code>, e.g. <code>chown guillermooo</code></li>\n<li>change the group with <code>chgrp</code>, e.g. <code>chgrp root</code></li>\n<li>change the rights with <code>chmod</code>, e.g. <code>chmod u+w filename.ext</code> (Adds writing permission for the owner of the file <code>filename.ext</code>)</li>\n</ul>\n\nIf you'd like to know more about each of these tools, open a terminal and type <code>man [tool]</code>, e.g. <code>man chmod</code>.\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-08-03T21:59:12.340", "id": "757", "postId": "103", "score": "10", "text": "It's a little more tricky with directories - execute permission is required to access the directory's contents. This means (for example) to read or write a file you need execute access to the directory containing it as well as the appropriate permissions on the file itself. This almost never comes up, but that's why it is poorly documented/understood!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "317" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-04T20:24:14.217", "id": "861", "postId": "103", "score": "0", "text": "Huh. You're right. I'll edit it in tomorrow, when I'm less sleepy.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "20" }, { "creationDate": "2013-12-17T16:52:33.917", "id": "501660", "postId": "103", "score": "1", "text": "`chown guillermooo` shouldn't this be `chown guillermooo filename`?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "209300" } ], "communityOwnedDate": "2016-10-26T12:36:39.927", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:17:28.023", "id": "103", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:17:28.023", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "20", "parentId": "83", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "30" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "Each file has rights for three different categories:\n\n<ul>\n<li>the owner of the file,</li>\n<li>the group associated with the file, and</li>\n<li>everybody else.</li>\n</ul>\n\nRights mean the right to read the file, the right to write to the file, or the right to execute the file in case of a script or program.\n\nOn the CLI, you may\n\n<ul>\n<li>change the owner with <code>chown</code>, e.g. <code>chown guillermooo</code></li>\n<li>change the group with <code>chgrp</code>, e.g. <code>chgrp root</code></li>\n<li>change the rights with <code>chmod</code>, e.g. <code>chmod u+w filename.ext</code> (Adds writing permission for the owner of the file <code>filename.ext</code>)</li>\n</ul>\n\nIf you'd like to know more about each of these tools, open a terminal and type <code>man [tool]</code>, e.g. <code>man chmod</code>.\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-08-03T21:59:12.340", "id": "757", "postId": "103", "score": "10", "text": "It's a little more tricky with directories - execute permission is required to access the directory's contents. This means (for example) to read or write a file you need execute access to the directory containing it as well as the appropriate permissions on the file itself. This almost never comes up, but that's why it is poorly documented/understood!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "317" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-04T20:24:14.217", "id": "861", "postId": "103", "score": "0", "text": "Huh. You're right. I'll edit it in tomorrow, when I'm less sleepy.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "20" }, { "creationDate": "2013-12-17T16:52:33.917", "id": "501660", "postId": "103", "score": "1", "text": "`chown guillermooo` shouldn't this be `chown guillermooo filename`?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "209300" } ], "communityOwnedDate": "2016-10-26T12:36:39.927", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:17:28.023", "id": "103", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:17:28.023", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "20", "parentId": "83", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "30" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<blockquote>\nWarning: Changing permissions of files and directories is potentially harmful and may render your system unusuable. When run recursively as root on the wrong path we may come to a point from where we will have to reinstall Ubuntu. It is therefore a good idea to not change permissions outside of HOME directories, and running the commands recursively as root should be avoided whenever possible.\n</blockquote>\n<h2>File permissions</h2>\nUbuntu has inherited the concept of permissions from Unix when for files or directories there are three tasks we can permit or deny:\n<ul>\n<li>r (read) file/directory may be opened for read access.</li>\n<li>w (write) file/directory may be opened for write/edit access.</li>\n<li>x (execute) file may be executed as a program/directory may be traversed.</li>\n</ul>\n(Traversing a directory essentially means using it as part of a path name. See <a href=\"https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/13891\">https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/13891</a> or <a href=\"https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/21251\">https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/21251</a> for more explanations.)\nIn addition we have three cases as to whom we grant a permission:\n<ul>\n<li>u (user) the owner of a file is granted any of the permissions.</li>\n<li>g (group) group the file belongs to is granted a permission.</li>\n<li>o (other) all others are granted a permission.</li>\n</ul>\nNow to get the combination of these sorted we use a binary system where each bit defines a permission. This can be best shown in the following Table\n<pre><code> Permission | Binary | Octal | User | Group | Other |\n ======================================================\n r | 100 | 4 | | | |\n w | 010 | 2 | | | |\n x | 001 | 1 | | | |\n =======================================================\n Number\n</code></pre>\nNow if we want for example\na) the owner of a file (= user) has read, write, and execute permission, \nb) the file's group granted read and execute permissions, and \nc) all others should only have read access.\nThen the resulting file permission will be:\n<pre><code> u g o\nrwx r-x r--\n</code></pre>\nTo get this in the octal numbers, eg. for the <a href=\"http://manpages.ubuntu.com/chmod.1\" rel=\"noreferrer\"><code>chmod</code></a> command or when we have to understand an error message we need to fill above table as below:\n<pre><code> Permission | Binary | Octal | User | Group | Other |\n ======================================================\n r | 100 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |\n w | 010 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |\n x | 001 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |\n ======================================================\n Numbers add to 7 5 4 \n</code></pre>\nEach permission number needs to be added to sum up for a user (4+2+1=7), group (4+0+1=5), and other (4+0+0=4). The resulting number then is:\n<pre><code> u g o\n 7 5 4\n</code></pre>\nWe now have two options to change the permission bits with <code>chmod</code>:\n<pre><code>chmod u+rwx g+rx o+r filename\n</code></pre>\nor much simpler with\n<pre><code>chmod 751 filename\n</code></pre>\nBoth commands will do the same.\n<blockquote>\nThe default permission of a newly created file in our home will be 664 (-rw-rw-r--).\n</blockquote>\nIf we want files to be executable as programs we will have to change this permission.\n<ul>\n<li>Note that we will also have to change the permission of the directory this executable may be in. Only if both, the file's and the directory's executable bit are set we will be allowed to run this file as a program.\n</li>\n<li>When copying a file to our home it will lose it's permissions which will be replaced by our own default permissions (unless we copy using advanced options e.g. an archive option).\n</li>\n<li>Also note that file may inherit their permission from their mount point, resp. mount options. This is important when mounting Windows formatted drives which do not support Unix permissions.\n</li>\n</ul>\n<h2>Users and Groups</h2>\nWe soon realize that this was only half of the story. We also need to sort out belongings. To do this each file or folder has a defined owner, and a defined group membership.\nEach time we create a file we will be the owner of a file, and the file's group will also be us. With <code>ls -l</code> we can see permissions, ownership, and group as seen from the following example output:\n<pre><code>-rw-rw-r-- 1 takkat takkat 4096 Sep 12 20:25 test\n</code></pre>\n<blockquote>\n<ul>\n<li>We are only allowed to change permissions, groups or ownership of a file that is our's.</li>\n</ul>\n</blockquote>\nIf we are not the file owner we will get a <code>Permission denied</code> error. Only root can change this for all files. This is why we have to use <code>sudo</code> when editing permission of files that are not ours. There are two commands to do so <a href=\"http://manpages.ubuntu.com/chown.1\" rel=\"noreferrer\"><code>chown</code></a> for users and groups and <a href=\"http://manpages.ubuntu.com/chgrp.1\" rel=\"noreferrer\"><code>chgrp</code></a> for groups only.\nTo change a file ownership from anybody to user <code>takkat</code> and - optionally - the group <code>takkat</code> we may issue this command:\n<pre><code>sudo chown takkat[:takkat] testfile\n</code></pre>\nTo only change a file's group to <code>takkat</code> we issue\n<pre><code>sudo chgrp takkat testfile\n</code></pre>\nRead the manpages of the commands for more details and options. There also is this nice more elaborate guide recommended for further reading:\n<ul>\n<li>Ubuntu Community Help: <a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/community/FilePermissions\" rel=\"noreferrer\">File Permissions</a></li>\n</ul>\nAlso find some related questions here:\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/6723/change-folder-permissions-and-ownership\">Change folder permissions and ownership</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/44542/what-is-umask-and-how-does-it-work\">What is "umask" and how does it work?</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/152001/how-can-i-get-octal-file-permissions-from-command-line\">How can I get octal file permissions from command line?</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/11840/how-to-chmod-on-an-ntfs-or-fat32-partition\">How do I use 'chmod' on an NTFS (or FAT32) partition?</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/29589/chmod-ux-versus-chmod-x\">'chmod u+x' versus 'chmod +x'</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/17144/how-can-i-become-the-owner-of-a-file-that-origins-from-another-pc-user\">How can I become the owner of a file that origins from another pc / user?</a></li>\n</ul>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2013-09-19T20:53:29.707", "id": "347680", "lastActivityDate": "2020-06-28T14:36:08.560", "lastEditDate": "2020-06-28T14:36:08.560", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "3940", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "3940", "parentId": "83", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "50" } ]

null

86

1

null

2010-07-28T20:06:56.113

69

148412

I'd like to create an Ubuntu live USB stick on a Mac to use to install Ubuntu on another machine. How do I accomplish this?

56

527764

2018-06-15T16:37:38.707

2021-03-30T20:00:22.493

How do I create an Ubuntu live USB using a Mac?

[ "live-usb", "mac" ]

5

3

CC BY-SA 4.0

[ { "creationDate": "2012-11-21T00:13:51.407", "id": "273207", "postId": "86", "score": "0", "text": "there is no need to convert from iso to dmg, the MD5 turned out to be identical prior and after the conversion.", "userDisplayName": "user109607", "userId": null }, { "creationDate": "2013-06-07T17:50:26.830", "id": "384464", "postId": "86", "score": "1", "text": "@Unicycle1234 That is not true. It really needs to be converted.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "62483" }, { "creationDate": "2014-09-03T06:11:17.960", "id": "705832", "postId": "86", "score": "0", "text": "Be sure to answer the key point in the question - will it work on another computer (i.e not the macintosh, but rather another machine in need of rescue or install)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "311667" } ]

null

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "Taken from <a href=\"http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-mac-osx\">here</a>:\n\n<blockquote>\n We would encourage Mac users to download Ubuntu Desktop Edition by\n burning a CD. But if you prefer to use a USB stick, please follow the\n instructions below.\n \n Note: this procedure requires that you create an .img file from the .iso file you download. It will also change the filesystem that is\n on the USB stick to make it bootable, so backup all data before\n continuing.\n \n Tip: Drag and drop a file from Finder to Terminal to 'paste' the full path without risking typing errors.\n \n <ol>\n <li><a href=\"http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop\">Download Ubuntu Desktop</a></li>\n <li>Open the Terminal (in <code>/Applications/Utilities/</code> or query Terminal in Spotlight)</li>\n <li>Convert the .iso file to .img using the convert option of hdiutil. Example:\n\n<pre><code>hdiutil convert -format UDRW ~/path/to/target.iso -o ~/path/to/ubuntu.img\n</code></pre>\n \n Note: OS X tends to put the .dmg ending on the output file\n automatically.</li>\n <li>Run <code>diskutil list</code> to get the current list of devices</li>\n <li>Insert your flash media</li>\n <li>Run <code>diskutil list</code> again and determine the device node assigned to your flash media \n (e.g. <code>/dev/disk2</code>)</li>\n <li>Run \n\n<pre><code>diskutil unmountDisk /dev/diskN\n</code></pre>\n \n (replace <code>N</code> with the disk number from the last command; in the previous example, <code>N</code> would be 2)</li>\n <li>Execute the following command while replacing <code>/path/to/downloaded.img</code> with the path where the image file is\n located; for example, <code>./ubuntu.img</code> or <code>./ubuntu.dmg</code>).\n\n<pre><code>sudo dd if=/path/to/downloaded.img of=/dev/rdiskN bs=1m\n</code></pre>\n \n <ul>\n <li>Using <code>/dev/rdisk</code> instead of <code>/dev/disk</code> may be faster.</li>\n <li>If you see the error <code>dd: Invalid number '1m'</code>, you are using GNU <code>dd</code>. Use the same command but replace <code>bs=1m</code> with <code>bs=1M</code>.</li>\n <li>If you see the error <code>dd:/devdiskN: Resource busy</code>, make sure the disk is not in use. Start the Disk Utility.app and unmount (don't\n eject) the drive.</li>\n </ul></li>\n <li>Run <code>diskutil eject /dev/diskN</code> and remove your flash media when the command completes</li>\n <li>Restart your Mac and press <kbd>Alt</kbd> while the Mac is restarting to choose the USB-Stick</li>\n </ol>\n</blockquote>\n", "commentCount": "6", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2014-06-22T21:37:22.123", "id": "650089", "postId": "12049", "score": "8", "text": "Follow-up question: does this process create a USB drive that will boot on a PC, a Mac, or both?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "6161" }, { "creationDate": "2016-05-16T22:05:03.547", "id": "1155828", "postId": "12049", "score": "1", "text": "Works for me on PC", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "292906" }, { "creationDate": "2016-11-11T08:30:54.207", "id": "1302131", "postId": "12049", "score": "3", "text": "The linked resources changed quite a bit since this answer. It recommends UNetbootin now.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "175814" }, { "creationDate": "2017-04-28T01:58:06.833", "id": "1430265", "postId": "12049", "score": "0", "text": "FWIW, I was recently (April 2017) trying to use UNetbootin on a Mac. When it was all ready, the suggested **target** write device, which was the only one available, was not the USB drive at all. It was a Windows Bootcamp partition on the Mac. Which would have gotten nuked by the `dd`. So, don't trust unetbootin blindly, I'll avoid it from now on. I'll try using this answer instead, at least I get to decide on who's getting **dd'ed**.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "478805" }, { "creationDate": "2017-04-28T03:56:36.323", "id": "1430302", "postId": "12049", "score": "1", "text": "*Using /dev/rdisk instead of /dev/disk may be faster.* Not only faster, but since the **rdisk**s are macos \"aliases\"/synonyms for **r**emovable **disk**, you should have slightly less risk of having `dd` blow away your actual onboard SSD/HD disks.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "478805" }, { "creationDate": "2018-02-03T12:10:14.757", "id": "1621662", "postId": "12049", "score": "4", "text": "The \"r\" in the \"rdisk\" device name stands for _raw_, not removable. Access to the disk through that device is unbuffered. That's what it's faster. (There are rdisk devices for internal drives as well.)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2293" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-11-08T08:55:23.133", "id": "12049", "lastActivityDate": "2014-01-20T09:33:12.417", "lastEditDate": "2014-01-20T09:33:12.417", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "176889", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "4980", "parentId": "86", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "82" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "You can do it really easily with <a href=\"http://unetbootin.sourceforge.net/\">unetbootin</a> which is available for Mac OS - the upside being it doesn't need more than a few clicks on a simple GUI.\n\n(note this is only for newer Intel Mac's, and won't work with older PowerPC machines unfortunately.)\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2014-09-03T06:18:14.900", "id": "705834", "postId": "37958", "score": "0", "text": "This works for booting on a PC! Gooood.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "311667" }, { "creationDate": "2016-09-27T18:48:28.060", "id": "1265085", "postId": "37958", "score": "3", "text": "This is the process suggested by Ubuntu's web site. But it didn't work for me. The app could never see any thumb drive I inserted. There were no instructions for how the thumb drive needed to be formatted, so I tried FAT (which is supposedly Fat32); but had to guess on the other setting (master boot whatever...?). Anyway, the above command-line instructions did work, so I did that.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "600056" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-04-29T12:19:23.067", "id": "37958", "lastActivityDate": "2011-11-07T03:23:58.717", "lastEditDate": "2011-11-07T03:23:58.717", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "15232", "parentId": "86", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "22" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "You could try following the instructions on ubuntu.com.\n\n<a href=\"http://www.ubuntu.com/download/help/create-a-usb-stick-on-mac-osx\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">How to create a bootable USB stick on OS X</a>\n\n<h2>Useful Links</h2>\n\nAdditionally, you could try looking at some of these links for help:\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/community/How%20to%20install%20Ubuntu%20on%20MacBook%20using%20USB%20Stick\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">How to install Ubuntu on MacBook using USB Stick (help.ubuntu.com)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/h-to-croweate-an-ubuntu-installation-usb-on-the-mac/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">How To Create A Portable Ubuntu Installation USB On The Mac (makeuseof.com)</a></li>\n</ul>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2021-03-29T22:17:17.883", "id": "2263350", "postId": "158649", "score": "0", "text": "Please don't use the first steps from ubuntu.com. They suggest using Etcher, for some unfathomable reason, which sends data to a remote server even if you opt out. Use the help.ubuntu.com steps or another answer here.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "752505" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-07-02T14:10:27.990", "id": "158649", "lastActivityDate": "2017-12-12T19:24:47.277", "lastEditDate": "2017-12-12T19:24:47.277", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "527764", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "13044", "parentId": "86", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Follow these steps:\n<ol>\n<li>Download the latest Ubuntu ISO from <a href=\"http://www.ubuntu.com/download\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">here</a> and UNetbootin from <a href=\"http://unetbootin.github.io/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">here</a>.\n</li>\n<li>Insert your USB drive.\n</li>\n<li>Make UNetbootin executable from file properties.\n</li>\n<li>Run it.\n</li>\n<li>Now click in Diskimage. Give the path of the downloaded Ubuntu ISO.\n</li>\n<li>Then select your pen Drive from the list.\n</li>\n<li>Then press <kbd>OK</kbd>.\n</li>\n<li>Wait until finish.\n</li>\n</ol>\nAfter that you are able to boot or install Ubuntu from that pen-drive.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2012-07-02T14:38:12.163", "id": "158655", "lastActivityDate": "2021-03-30T20:00:22.493", "lastEditDate": "2021-03-30T20:00:22.493", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "618353", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "73309", "parentId": "86", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "You can use the Linux USB Creator. The Linux USB Creator for Mac has been released. This is the easiest way to create a live linux USB on a mac.\n\nIf you use OSX Lion, you can <a href=\"http://www.mediafire.com/?rctco14mzjayaa9\" rel=\"nofollow\">Download this file</a>, and if you use OSX Snow Leopard, you can <a href=\"http://www.mediafire.com/?txek9zhxl42k12h\" rel=\"nofollow\">Download this file</a>\n\nFor more information on the Linux USB creator, just visit the <a href=\"http://penguintosh.com/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Website</a>\n\nThe other option is to use <a href=\"http://unetbootin.sourceforge.net/\" rel=\"nofollow\">UNetbootin</a>.\n\nIf your Mac is a G4 or G5 take a look at <a href=\"https://discussions.apple.com/thread/2551469?start=0&tstart=0\" rel=\"nofollow\">this</a>.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2013-06-07T17:56:28.510", "id": "305357", "lastActivityDate": "2013-09-10T05:10:04.157", "lastEditDate": "2013-09-10T05:10:04.157", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "59676", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "59676", "parentId": "86", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" } ]

null

93

1

593

2010-07-28T20:11:02.627

7

281

I'd like to create an interactive media experience powered by Ubuntu, incorporating projected video, music, and assorted strange input devices. Has anyone used Ubuntu to orchestrate something like this? Can you recommend any specific software/hardware?

56

1067

2010-12-27T12:52:11.210

Ubuntu and Interactive Media Installations

[ "video", "multimedia", "input-devices" ]

2

3

CC BY-SA 2.5

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:31:42.867", "id": "123", "postId": "93", "score": "4", "text": "Can you please elaborate further?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-30T19:48:34.377", "id": "469", "postId": "93", "score": "0", "text": "I second George. Can you elaborate your problem a bit?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "87" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-31T10:10:52.237", "id": "517", "postId": "93", "score": "1", "text": "I don't have a problem per se. I want to take a room, paint the walls and ceiling white, aim projectors at the walls and ceiling, plug in speakers, and add sensors, so that when people walk through the room, the rooms exhibits lights and sounds parameterized by the \"input\" of people in the room. I am looking for some good tools for this that are open source and run on Ubuntu.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "56" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "<a href=\"http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=993376\" rel=\"noreferrer\">Here</a> are instructions for getting Ubuntu to detect a Wii remote, which could easily be hacked into an artistic prop or some inconspicuous object.\n\nYou could use <a href=\"http://www.lavrsen.dk/foswiki/bin/view/Motion/WebHome\" rel=\"noreferrer\">Motion</a> to detect the movement of people walking through your installation.\n\nI haven't used it personally, but <a href=\"http://negativeacknowledge.com/2010/06/automated-nerf-turret/\" rel=\"noreferrer\">here</a> is an interesting DIY project for an automated NERF turret, which detects a moving target, tracks it, shoots and plays sounds.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-08-02T10:07:35.277", "id": "661", "postId": "593", "score": "0", "text": "Awesome! This is exactly the kind of stuff I'm looking for.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "56" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-31T20:26:48.653", "id": "593", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-31T20:26:48.653", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "7", "parentId": "93", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "Are you talking about setting a machine as a Media Center / DVR (Digital Video Recorder, aka PVR)?\n\nHere are three interesting solutions for this:\n\n<ol>\n<li>Mythbuntu:\n\nMythbuntu is an Ubuntu derivative containing MythTV which is an open source DVR. It is very complete and has a growing community.\nYou can watch/record/manage your TV shows, movies, music, etc... It has a very full-featured media library.\n\nOfficial website: <a href=\"http://www.mythbuntu.org/\" rel=\"nofollow\">www.mythbuntu.org</a></li>\n<li>Moovida (aka Elisa)\n\nMoovida is a media center application that allows you to easily create your digital library and watch any of your media (DivX, h264, avi, asf, wmv, mkv, flv, mov, ogg, and almost any audio format...) on your TV.\n\nIt has a Youtube Feature, covert art for your music, Last.fm support. You can play your music by genre, rating and even acoustic similarity. Moovida 2.0 is available in over 20 languages.\n\nOfficial website: <a href=\"http://www.moovida.com/\" rel=\"nofollow\">www.moovida.com</a></li>\n<li>Enna\n\nEnna is a Media Center application and is based on the powerful Enlightenment Foundations Libraries (EFL) as for its graphical user interface and GeeXboX libraries as for multimedia playback and information retrieval.\n\nIts main features are Music/Video playing, Bookstore (GoComics and OneManga), Photo gallery, Weather, Media database...\n\nOfficial website: <a href=\"http://enna.geexbox.org/index.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">enna.geexbox.org</a></li>\n</ol>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-30T21:11:46.800", "id": "526", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-30T21:11:46.800", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "154", "parentId": "93", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "<a href=\"http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=993376\" rel=\"noreferrer\">Here</a> are instructions for getting Ubuntu to detect a Wii remote, which could easily be hacked into an artistic prop or some inconspicuous object.\n\nYou could use <a href=\"http://www.lavrsen.dk/foswiki/bin/view/Motion/WebHome\" rel=\"noreferrer\">Motion</a> to detect the movement of people walking through your installation.\n\nI haven't used it personally, but <a href=\"http://negativeacknowledge.com/2010/06/automated-nerf-turret/\" rel=\"noreferrer\">here</a> is an interesting DIY project for an automated NERF turret, which detects a moving target, tracks it, shoots and plays sounds.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-08-02T10:07:35.277", "id": "661", "postId": "593", "score": "0", "text": "Awesome! This is exactly the kind of stuff I'm looking for.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "56" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-31T20:26:48.653", "id": "593", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-31T20:26:48.653", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "7", "parentId": "93", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" } ]

null

94

1

null

2010-07-28T20:11:03.717

8

2139

<blockquote> Possible Duplicate: <a href="https://askubuntu.com/questions/72679/is-there-any-sound-enhancers-equalizer">Is there any Sound enhancers/equalizer?</a> </blockquote> I often want to tweak the sound quality, but have found no other way than to install plugins for each piece of software. Unfortunately this is not available for all the apps I use, e.g. Spotify. Is there a way to install a system-wide equalizer on Ubuntu?

38

-1

2017-04-13T12:23:44.677

2012-05-30T18:51:15.507

Is there a system-wide equalizer for PulseAudio or ALSA?

[ "sound", "system", "equalizer" ]

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

null

[]

null

0

2012-07-30T22:57:01.350

null

95

1

106

2010-07-28T20:11:14.030

31

72699

I have messed up my Ruby dev environment on Ubuntu 10.04. What is the best possible way to remove these packages from my system? <ul> <li>Ruby</li> <li>All Gems</li> <li>RubyGems</li> </ul> To start fresh, I would like to re-install Ruby using <a href="http://rvm.beginrescueend.com/" rel="noreferrer">RVM</a>.

118

527764

2018-06-15T16:36:27.833

How can I completely remove Ruby + Rails + Gems?

[ "10.04", "ruby", "software-uninstall", "rvm" ]

4

1

CC BY-SA 4.0

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:13:36.550", "id": "71", "postId": "95", "score": "1", "text": "How did you install it? Did you use the the Ubuntu packages?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "If you're using Ubuntu Packages run <code>sudo apt-get purge <packages></code>\n\nSo that should be something like:\n\n<code>sudo apt-get purge ruby rubygems</code>\n\nFrom the <a href=\"http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/lucid/en/man8/apt-get.8.html\">apt-get man page</a>:\n\n<blockquote>\n<pre><code> purge\n purge is identical to remove except that packages are removed and purged (any configuration files are deleted too).\n</code></pre>\n</blockquote>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2020-08-16T04:08:18.493", "id": "2145795", "postId": "106", "score": "2", "text": "`sudo apt-get --purge autoremove packagename` (as per [this answer](https://askubuntu.com/a/380030)) worked better for me, as it also removed dependencies. One thing I'm not sure of is whether installed gems are also removed.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "463250" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:19:24.757", "id": "106", "lastActivityDate": "2010-10-05T17:19:46.957", "lastEditDate": "2010-10-05T17:19:46.957", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "41", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "41", "parentId": "95", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "25" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "If you're using Ubuntu Packages run <code>sudo apt-get purge <packages></code>\n\nSo that should be something like:\n\n<code>sudo apt-get purge ruby rubygems</code>\n\nFrom the <a href=\"http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/lucid/en/man8/apt-get.8.html\">apt-get man page</a>:\n\n<blockquote>\n<pre><code> purge\n purge is identical to remove except that packages are removed and purged (any configuration files are deleted too).\n</code></pre>\n</blockquote>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2020-08-16T04:08:18.493", "id": "2145795", "postId": "106", "score": "2", "text": "`sudo apt-get --purge autoremove packagename` (as per [this answer](https://askubuntu.com/a/380030)) worked better for me, as it also removed dependencies. One thing I'm not sure of is whether installed gems are also removed.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "463250" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:19:24.757", "id": "106", "lastActivityDate": "2010-10-05T17:19:46.957", "lastEditDate": "2010-10-05T17:19:46.957", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "41", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "41", "parentId": "95", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "25" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Using synaptic, you can remove the Ruby packages (select \"completely remove\" option).\nI guess this is the equivalent of the commandline: sudo apt-get purge\n\nNow for the gems: they are not considered as packages. You will need to delete them manually (unless you want to use Ruby to do it, but since you say it's broken...)\n\nBy default, the Ruby gems are installed in your home folder, under the .gem folder.\nIf you really want to get things clean, just delete ~/.gem, and it should be enough.\nWhen you reinstall Ruby and everything, the folder will get created again, and you will be good to go.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-08-01T08:25:28.697", "id": "603", "postId": "322", "score": "5", "text": "Gems installed as root seem to find their way to `/var/lib/gems`, it's probably worth cleaning there too.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "285" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T10:00:53.370", "id": "322", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T10:00:53.370", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "23", "parentId": "95", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "If you are using RVM why bother even uninstalling the system ruby?\n\nI install both 1.8.7 and 1.9.2-rc via RVM.\n\nAfter you have installed RVM you can set the RVM 1.8.7 to be your default ruby installation. Just don't install RVM as root.\n\nFor those wondering, <a href=\"https://rvm.io/\" rel=\"nofollow\">https://rvm.io/</a> has the RVM install instructions.\n\nMake sure you read the instructions on what packages you need to install for Ubuntu before installing 1.8.7 via RVM. If you don't install them you may have issues with some gems.\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-01-03T12:14:04.120", "id": "21338", "postId": "930", "score": "0", "text": "I was going to answer with this as well! Don't waste your time, the new RVM environment will take precedence over your borked system environment.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "37" }, { "creationDate": "2011-11-30T15:20:07.623", "id": "95351", "postId": "930", "score": "0", "text": "The RVM installation doesn't seem to work behind a firewall.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "16211" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-08-05T00:27:00.383", "id": "930", "lastActivityDate": "2015-04-27T02:07:08.980", "lastEditDate": "2015-04-27T02:07:08.980", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "103537", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "522", "parentId": "95", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "8" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "If you have installed Ruby using RVM then the following command will completely remove RVM installed directory:\n\n<pre><code> rvm implode\n</code></pre>\n\nRunning this command will ask for your confirmation to delete the <code>.rvm</code> directory.\n\nAfter it completes deleting the <code>.rvm</code> directory, you get the following message which is worth notable:\n\n<blockquote>\n Note you may need to manually remove /etc/rvmrc and ~/.rvmrc if they\n exist still.\n \n Please check all .bashrc .bash_profile .profile and .zshrc for RVM\n source lines and delete or comment out if this was a Per-User\n installation.\n</blockquote>\n\nRemove Ruby Gems\n\n<pre><code>gem uninstall rvm\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2018-01-23T11:07:14.827", "id": "998990", "lastActivityDate": "2018-01-23T11:07:14.827", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "77805", "parentId": "95", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" } ]

null

96

1

153

2010-07-28T20:11:47.820

17

16219

I have been playing with package management by adding sources from older Ubuntu releases in order to get older versions of some software (e.g. PHP). Unfortunately at some point I must have overdid it as now every attempt to use apt-get or synaptic ends in an error message being displayed saying that there is no candidate available to install. I would like to start fresh - remove all the installed packages and added sources. Is there a quick way to do this, or do I need to reinstall the OS?

27

6005

2012-06-22T13:27:36.493

Is there a way to reset all packages/sources and start from scratch?

[ "package-management", "uninstall" ]

3

1

CC BY-SA 2.5

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:14:31.807", "id": "74", "postId": "96", "score": "4", "text": "This is called re-install, isn't it? :D", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "You could always remove all packages (making a few exceptions for apt-get, etc.)\n\nThen run:\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop\n</code></pre>\n\nThis installs the desktop metapackage which has pretty much every other package as a dependency.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:29:44.520", "id": "153", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T21:29:44.520", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5", "parentId": "96", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "Remove all but the current release of Ubuntu you're running from <code>/etc/apt/sources.list</code>. Then <code>sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get dist-upgrade</code>. Let me know if you still have trouble. \n\nYou may have to reinstall. \n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:22:20.977", "id": "107", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:22:20.977", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "66", "parentId": "96", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "You could always remove all packages (making a few exceptions for apt-get, etc.)\n\nThen run:\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop\n</code></pre>\n\nThis installs the desktop metapackage which has pretty much every other package as a dependency.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:29:44.520", "id": "153", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T21:29:44.520", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5", "parentId": "96", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "You can do an installation of Ubuntu over top of an existing installation. You'll lose all of your (non-local [1]) system files and applications, but it will preserve everything in <code>/home</code>.\n\nSelect the advanced partitioning option from the menu of either the desktop CD installer or the alternate CD installer. Set the mountpoint of your existing root partition to <code>/</code> and make sure the format box is not checked. Repeat these steps for your home partition, if you have one.\n\n1: Where local system directories would be <code>/usr/src</code>, <code>/usr/local</code>, and <code>/var/local</code>.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T22:25:36.930", "id": "179", "lastActivityDate": "2010-10-14T01:19:57.567", "lastEditDate": "2010-10-14T01:19:57.567", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "235", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "46", "parentId": "96", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "7" } ]

null

99

1

105

2010-07-28T20:14:39.667

9

1094

I've been waiting for a couple years to be able to do an <pre class="lang-bsh prettyprint-override"><code>apt-get install haskell-platform </code></pre> on Ubuntu. Will a haskell platform-package be available on Ubuntu 10.10?

56

367165

2015-12-14T14:10:05.827

Will Haskell Platform be available in 10.10?

[ "10.10", "haskell" ]

2

0

CC BY-SA 3.0

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Yes, it's already <a href=\"https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/haskell-platform/\">packaged</a> and released in <code>maverick</code> (the development branch of Ubuntu): \n\n<pre><code>$ rmadison haskell-platform\nhaskell-platform | 2010.1.0.0.1 | maverick/universe | source, all\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:18:45.790", "id": "105", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:18:45.790", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "66", "parentId": "99", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "8" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "Yes\n\n<a href=\"https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/haskell-platform\" rel=\"nofollow\">https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/haskell-platform</a>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:17:56.680", "id": "104", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:17:56.680", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "24", "parentId": "99", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "Yes, it's already <a href=\"https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/haskell-platform/\">packaged</a> and released in <code>maverick</code> (the development branch of Ubuntu): \n\n<pre><code>$ rmadison haskell-platform\nhaskell-platform | 2010.1.0.0.1 | maverick/universe | source, all\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:18:45.790", "id": "105", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:18:45.790", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "66", "parentId": "99", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "8" } ]

null

100

1

137

2010-07-28T20:16:58.197

16

15588

I was playing music with my headphones plugged in. The music was coming out of the headphones, but I also noticed that my speakers were playing the same music. Why is this, and how can I fix it?

56

208574

2014-12-16T01:53:58.260

2018-02-11T21:49:24.877

Sound comes out of my speakers even when headphones are plugged in

[ "sound", "headphones", "speakers" ]

2

4

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2010-10-25T05:47:24.437", "id": "9292", "postId": "100", "score": "0", "text": "Possibly related: http://askubuntu.com/questions/6993/internal-microphone-not-working", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "87" }, { "creationDate": "2012-09-23T03:23:37.800", "id": "238090", "postId": "100", "score": "0", "text": "[This answer](http://askubuntu.com/a/150959/61218) helped me to get rid of this problem. My card was an Intel card.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "61218" }, { "creationDate": "2012-10-03T00:22:35.797", "id": "243428", "postId": "100", "score": "0", "text": "possible duplicate of [Sound from both headphones and speakers](http://askubuntu.com/questions/150887/sound-from-both-headphones-and-speakers)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "22949" }, { "creationDate": "2019-08-03T04:31:56.350", "id": "1938203", "postId": "100", "score": "0", "text": "This question is not localised. and could have perfectly good answers, but as others have said try the above answers.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "645203" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "This is probably an alsa issue. I had the same problem, but it got reported as a bug and fixed. \n\n<a href=\"https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/477226\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">link to bug report</a>\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T02:58:14.470", "id": "197", "postId": "137", "score": "0", "text": "+1: This is an ALSA bug. In addition to whatever workaround you can get, please file it - our audio maintainer is pretty good with these :)\n\nThe driver needs to have a correct mapping of all the various inputs your sound hardware has - one of which is a “you've got headphones plugged in” signal - and not all systems have correct mappings.\n\nRunning “ubuntu-bug” should get you the symptoms-based reporter, where you can get the relevant audio logs to a bug.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "188" }, { "creationDate": "2010-11-29T21:03:34.060", "id": "16206", "postId": "137", "score": "0", "text": "It has worked for me since the upgrade to 10.10 on hda intel platforms. the previous solution was to open sound preferences, which triggered a probe and changeover to headphones. in my opinion, not a bug...tradeoff for speed increase by not polling the interface", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5768" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:09:48.617", "id": "137", "lastActivityDate": "2018-02-11T21:49:24.877", "lastEditDate": "2018-02-11T21:49:24.877", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "616827", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "145", "parentId": "100", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "9" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "This is probably an alsa issue. I had the same problem, but it got reported as a bug and fixed. \n\n<a href=\"https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/477226\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">link to bug report</a>\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T02:58:14.470", "id": "197", "postId": "137", "score": "0", "text": "+1: This is an ALSA bug. In addition to whatever workaround you can get, please file it - our audio maintainer is pretty good with these :)\n\nThe driver needs to have a correct mapping of all the various inputs your sound hardware has - one of which is a “you've got headphones plugged in” signal - and not all systems have correct mappings.\n\nRunning “ubuntu-bug” should get you the symptoms-based reporter, where you can get the relevant audio logs to a bug.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "188" }, { "creationDate": "2010-11-29T21:03:34.060", "id": "16206", "postId": "137", "score": "0", "text": "It has worked for me since the upgrade to 10.10 on hda intel platforms. the previous solution was to open sound preferences, which triggered a probe and changeover to headphones. in my opinion, not a bug...tradeoff for speed increase by not polling the interface", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5768" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:09:48.617", "id": "137", "lastActivityDate": "2018-02-11T21:49:24.877", "lastEditDate": "2018-02-11T21:49:24.877", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "616827", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "145", "parentId": "100", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "9" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I had the same issue. It appears that the new kernel did not correctly detect the sound card model that you have. You will have to edit the <code>/etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf</code> file and set the model manually with\n\n<pre><code>options snd-hda-intel model=<model>\n</code></pre>\n\nUnfortunately, finding the correct sound card model can take a little guess work. I took me several tries to find the sound card model that would detect the headphones correctly.\n\nThis link gives a list of sound card model:\n<a href=\"http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1043568\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1043568</a>\n\nMore information can be found on the <a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HdaIntelSoundHowto\" rel=\"nofollow\">Ubuntu Wiki</a>.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T05:57:16.220", "id": "222", "postId": "216", "score": "0", "text": "If you have to do this, file a bug too; the kernel *should* detect the module automatically.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "192" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T23:35:46.143", "id": "216", "lastActivityDate": "2011-11-29T15:55:51.117", "lastEditDate": "2011-11-29T15:55:51.117", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "235", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "172", "parentId": "100", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" } ]

null

2012-10-03T05:35:47.333

null

108

1

114

2010-07-28T20:23:56.213

11

229

I have reported a bug that occurs in Karmic on launchpad, and I have been asked to re-test it on lucid or maverick. How can I do this best?

4

235

2011-07-10T18:38:05.810

How can I best retest a bug in a newer or development release?

[ "launchpad", "bug-reporting" ]

5

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "For testing Maverick, <code>testdrive</code> is easiest. It'll automatically download the latest Maverick daily and run it in a Virtual Machine.\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install testdrive virtualbox-ose\ntestdrive\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T03:37:58.337", "id": "201", "postId": "114", "score": "3", "text": "Good answer for most bugs. However, if it's a bug that is specific to your hardware, testdrive will not help. In this case, use one of the test build ISOs as a live CD - see https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Testing/ISO .", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "192" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-22T19:36:33.960", "id": "2835", "postId": "114", "score": "0", "text": "Yes.. this is a good point", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:34:12.337", "id": "114", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:34:12.337", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "35", "parentId": "108", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "15" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "Without upgrading? You may need to setup a Virtual instance of Lucid or Maverick or install that specific version under a new partition on your machine. I find that VirtualBox works well (and is free) for Ubuntu.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:27:49.667", "id": "109", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:27:49.667", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "41", "parentId": "108", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Three routes:\n\n<ul>\n<li>Install Ubuntu in a VM. \n\nPros: Your installation is persistent, and you can switch back and forth between the VM and your normal desktop with ease.\n\nCons: It'll be slow. </li>\n<li>Use a LiveCD. \n\nPros: Most straightforward, same method as when you first installed Ubuntu. \n\nCons: No persistence of session, your environment is lost when you restart. </li>\n<li>Install on a separate machine. CD read times are sloooow. \n\nPros: Persistence, speed. \n\nCons: Expensive if you don't have the hardware. </li>\n</ul>\n\nPersonally, I'd go the VM route. You'll need to do with a LiveCD or physical install if your bug involves the hardware.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-30T12:35:27.867", "id": "432", "postId": "110", "score": "0", "text": "Instead of the CD, I suggest using an USB stick instead. You can create a bootable USB stick from a Live CD iso with System-->Administration-->Create a USB startup disk", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "275" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:29:42.223", "id": "110", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:29:42.223", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "66", "parentId": "108", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "9" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I depends on what kind of bug it was (estethic, a program crash, etc) but the simplest way would be to download Lucid's live cd, boot it and see if you can reproduce the bug. \n\nIf it's something that requires a real installation and it's not enough booting a live cd, then install Lucid on a virtual machine using VirtualBox, and you can test almost anything in there without affecting your current environment.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:32:33.917", "id": "113", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:32:33.917", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "94", "parentId": "108", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "For testing Maverick, <code>testdrive</code> is easiest. It'll automatically download the latest Maverick daily and run it in a Virtual Machine.\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install testdrive virtualbox-ose\ntestdrive\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T03:37:58.337", "id": "201", "postId": "114", "score": "3", "text": "Good answer for most bugs. However, if it's a bug that is specific to your hardware, testdrive will not help. In this case, use one of the test build ISOs as a live CD - see https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Testing/ISO .", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "192" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-22T19:36:33.960", "id": "2835", "postId": "114", "score": "0", "text": "Yes.. this is a good point", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:34:12.337", "id": "114", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:34:12.337", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "35", "parentId": "108", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "15" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "This depends on what bug you're trying to re-test. For almost all bugs, testing in a VM is great. As mentioned on <a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/108/how-can-i-best-retest-a-bug-in-a-newer-or-development-release/114#114\">another answer</a>, Testdrive is good for that.\n\nFor hardware related bugs you'll need to run on the real hardware, which means that a LiveCD is a more appropriate method.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T02:07:46.447", "id": "251", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T02:07:46.447", "lastEditDate": "2017-04-12T07:23:19.023", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "188", "parentId": "108", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" } ]

null

111

1

117

2010-07-28T20:31:41.063

37

99038

I would like to secure my server and it seems that IPtables is one of the first steps. Unfortunately editing the rules in a terminal is a bit complicated and dangerous (those who ever did an <code>iptables -F</code> will know what I mean ;) ). Could you recommend any good graphical interfaces for managing my IPtables rules?

27

59676

2012-08-13T10:49:53.173

2020-08-29T02:55:21.177

GUI for iptables?

[ "gui", "iptables", "security" ]

7

0

CC BY-SA 3.0

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "<a href=\"http://www.fs-security.com/\" rel=\"noreferrer\">Firestarter</a> has always worked well in my opinion. It supports a robust GUI and supports all options of iptables. \n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/pqg11.jpg\" alt=\"status\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/DNwbs.jpg\" alt=\"events\">\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install firestarter\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2014-01-22T04:30:38.267", "id": "526111", "postId": "117", "score": "14", "text": "Firestarter is deemed abandoned software and has been removed from Ubuntu repositories as of 13.10 Saucy Salamander. For more info, https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Firestarter", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "24621" }, { "creationDate": "2016-01-20T22:31:17.217", "id": "1070383", "postId": "117", "score": "4", "text": "Unfortunately firestarter is abandoned. https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Firestarter It seems that at present gufw, which is a GUI wrapper around ufw, which in turn is a CLI wrapper around iptables, is the closest thing.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "14355" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:37:15.557", "id": "117", "lastActivityDate": "2014-03-16T14:33:49.223", "lastEditDate": "2014-03-16T14:33:49.223", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "65926", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "66", "parentId": "111", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "20" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "Try Firewall Builder.\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install fwbuilder\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "4", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:10:55.260", "id": "113", "postId": "115", "score": "0", "text": "+1 I like this, although it's somewhat more complex than Firestarter. It's targeted at multi-system administrators.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "104" }, { "creationDate": "2017-06-11T02:03:45.323", "id": "1460545", "postId": "115", "score": "0", "text": "Unfortunately this doesn't seem to be any less dead than Firestarter. Last update was in July 2013.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "52719" }, { "creationDate": "2019-03-25T13:00:01.287", "id": "1868440", "postId": "115", "score": "0", "text": "+1 for being still in available with apt-get --- getting started tutorial found here https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yoAhn6tdlw4", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "668469" }, { "creationDate": "2022-11-17T19:15:32.007", "id": "2514814", "postId": "115", "score": "0", "text": "From what I see it only allows you to build a completely new network configuration from scratch, which is absolute rocket science. It cannot \"import\" the existing reality of your network configuration and allow you to make minimal changes to it.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "162312" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:35:52.957", "id": "115", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:35:52.957", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "35", "parentId": "111", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "14" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "<a href=\"http://www.fs-security.com/\" rel=\"noreferrer\">Firestarter</a> has always worked well in my opinion. It supports a robust GUI and supports all options of iptables. \n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/pqg11.jpg\" alt=\"status\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/DNwbs.jpg\" alt=\"events\">\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install firestarter\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2014-01-22T04:30:38.267", "id": "526111", "postId": "117", "score": "14", "text": "Firestarter is deemed abandoned software and has been removed from Ubuntu repositories as of 13.10 Saucy Salamander. For more info, https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Firestarter", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "24621" }, { "creationDate": "2016-01-20T22:31:17.217", "id": "1070383", "postId": "117", "score": "4", "text": "Unfortunately firestarter is abandoned. https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Firestarter It seems that at present gufw, which is a GUI wrapper around ufw, which in turn is a CLI wrapper around iptables, is the closest thing.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "14355" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:37:15.557", "id": "117", "lastActivityDate": "2014-03-16T14:33:49.223", "lastEditDate": "2014-03-16T14:33:49.223", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "65926", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "66", "parentId": "111", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "20" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I've never taken time to understand iptables, but I believe <a href=\"http://gufw.tuxfamily.org/\">gufw</a> does the job. Even I was able to set up a firewall within a couple of minutes.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:47:15.393", "id": "97", "postId": "118", "score": "10", "text": "gufw wraps `ufw`, not `iptables`, and doesn't support all of `iptables`' functionality.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "66" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:38:01.517", "id": "118", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:38:01.517", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "130", "parentId": "111", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "15" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "For most purposes, ufw (Uncomplicated FireWall) is an excellent way to build simple iptables firewalls. The rules produced are decent, though there may be features of iptables that you need that ufw doesn't cover.\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install ufw\n</code></pre>\n\nIt's a command line tool, but there is also gufw if you want a GUI version. \n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-04T20:22:00.803", "id": "828", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-04T20:22:00.803", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "352", "parentId": "111", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "7" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I’m using <a href=\"https://www.efw.io/firewall/manager\" rel=\"nofollow\">Elastic Firewall</a> …worked like a breeze so far! \n\nPlus it works on multiple machines.\n\nYou can go with a free account with them or try one of the paid plans for enhanced power. either way, the thing does a pretty good job at very reasonable rates.\n\nUnfortunately editing the rules in a terminal is a bit complicated and dangerous (those who ever did an <code>iptables -F</code> will know what I mean ;) )\n\nI know what you mean, appending rules through the command line can be time consuming and prone to so many errors, so having a firewall manager to automate Linux iptables policies can save you a lot of time and nerves.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2016-07-25T18:41:53.603", "id": "802810", "lastActivityDate": "2016-07-26T11:45:11.390", "lastEditDate": "2016-07-26T11:45:11.390", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "457662", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "572373", "parentId": "111", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "-3" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<a href=\"https://linuxhacks.org/gui-for-iptables/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">Iptables-Editor-Gui</a> is a gui for iptables (requires ruby and ruby-gtk2)\nSource: <a href=\"https://linuxhacks.org/gui-for-iptables/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">Linuxhacks.org</a> \nDisclosure: I am the owner of Linuxhacks.org\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2019-04-14T23:07:01.900", "id": "1133927", "lastActivityDate": "2020-08-29T02:55:21.177", "lastEditDate": "2020-08-29T02:55:21.177", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "527764", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "433960", "parentId": "111", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Firestarter's still in Raspbian Stretch at least. If you look at <a href=\"https://netfilter.org/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">https://netfilter.org/</a> which is the effective homepage of iptables it's copyright 2014, the task hasn't changed. Iptables probably isn't changing. There is such a thing as maturity in software.\n\nThere are 233 repositories on Github mentioning Firestarter <a href=\"https://github.com/search?q=firestarter\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">https://github.com/search?q=firestarter</a>. What's in Raspbian Stretch is Firestarter 1.0.3 copyright 2005 by Thomas Junnonen. There are undoubtedly forks of the original Firestarter, I'm happy using the original.\n\nI'd be wary of oversimplified software that may leave out useful features. I've been studying iptables for a day or so, I just wanted a \"second opinion\". I'll take what Firestarter comes up with and use it as a starting point. I'm impressed that it recognized my internet connection EasyTether and seems willing to build NAT stuff for wifi. I have an old DSL router I'll probably use for output, I just wasn't sure how to bridge from EasyTether to the router. Iptables can do it, if it's at all like OpenBSD's pf. Not a typical application, glad Firestarter wants to solve the problem. It's Gnome but nobody's perfect. Works fine in LXDE with some Gnome libs installed.\n\nFirestarter homepage, found in help -> about <a href=\"http://www.fs-security.com/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">http://www.fs-security.com/</a> Yeah, OK, it's maybe a little flaky. I can't get to his official download page. More importantly I can't see the iptables code it generates. It doesn't copy, it doesn't run, it considers the gateway I'm actively using to be offline.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2020-01-24T23:43:21.553", "id": "1205525", "lastActivityDate": "2020-01-25T00:44:00.447", "lastEditDate": "2020-01-25T00:44:00.447", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "806920", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "806920", "parentId": "111", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" } ]

null

112

1

202

2010-07-28T20:32:30.123

8

1376

Of those identd daemons available in Ubuntu 10.04, can any of them be made to work with IPv6? If so, a nudge in the right direction regarding how to configure the IPv6 support would be nice.

24

4

2010-08-11T13:50:18.930

2013-09-27T22:37:19.157

Is there a identd-like package in Ubuntu that supports IPv6?

[ "ipv6" ]

1

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "<code>oidentd</code> supports ipv6, but said support doesn't seem to be documented very well (or, y'know, at all...).\n\nAfter installing it, you'll need to edit <code>/etc/default/oidentd</code> and change this:\n\n<pre><code>OIDENT_OPTIONS=\"-mf\"\n</code></pre>\n\nto this:\n\n<pre><code>OIDENT_OPTIONS=\"-mf -a ::\"\n</code></pre>\n\nand restart it, then it should listen on all your interfaces (both IPv4 and IPv6).\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T23:06:18.313", "id": "202", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T23:06:18.313", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "57", "parentId": "112", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "<code>oidentd</code> supports ipv6, but said support doesn't seem to be documented very well (or, y'know, at all...).\n\nAfter installing it, you'll need to edit <code>/etc/default/oidentd</code> and change this:\n\n<pre><code>OIDENT_OPTIONS=\"-mf\"\n</code></pre>\n\nto this:\n\n<pre><code>OIDENT_OPTIONS=\"-mf -a ::\"\n</code></pre>\n\nand restart it, then it should listen on all your interfaces (both IPv4 and IPv6).\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T23:06:18.313", "id": "202", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T23:06:18.313", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "57", "parentId": "112", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" } ]

null

116

1

119

2010-07-28T20:36:56.557

25

30386

I've downloaded some nice themes, icon packages, and pointers from sites like gnome-look. Now what do I do? Where else can I get these kinds of things?

109

235

2012-07-03T13:50:22.960

2012-08-29T21:59:06.327

How do I get and install more themes, icons, and pointers?

[ "themes", "icons", "pointers", "appearance" ]

4

0

CC BY-SA 3.0

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "<h1>Installing new themes in Ubuntu 10.10 and below</h1>\n\nTo install the themes open the Theme Manager which can be accessed from System > Preferences > Appearances then just drag the theme/icons etc on to the window.\n\nOnce installed you can either directly use the theme or modify it to use individual components like icons, borders, etc in the Theme Manager.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2016-06-18T00:53:23.013", "id": "1184155", "postId": "119", "score": "0", "text": "It's somewhat amusing that the accepted answer now applies only to EOL releases.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "18612" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:41:40.197", "id": "119", "lastActivityDate": "2011-12-05T05:52:46.363", "lastEditDate": "2011-12-05T05:52:46.363", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "41", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "84", "parentId": "116", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "10" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "<h1>Installing new themes in Ubuntu 10.10 and below</h1>\n\nTo install the themes open the Theme Manager which can be accessed from System > Preferences > Appearances then just drag the theme/icons etc on to the window.\n\nOnce installed you can either directly use the theme or modify it to use individual components like icons, borders, etc in the Theme Manager.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2016-06-18T00:53:23.013", "id": "1184155", "postId": "119", "score": "0", "text": "It's somewhat amusing that the accepted answer now applies only to EOL releases.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "18612" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:41:40.197", "id": "119", "lastActivityDate": "2011-12-05T05:52:46.363", "lastEditDate": "2011-12-05T05:52:46.363", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "41", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "84", "parentId": "116", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "10" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "In Ubuntu 11.04 and earlier System > Preferences > Appearance\n\nThen click \"Get more themes online\" which points to: <a href=\"http://art.gnome.org/themes\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://art.gnome.org/themes</a>\n\nUbuntu 11.10 has a simplified Appearances preference that dosen't include a button for getting more themes.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:42:36.857", "id": "121", "lastActivityDate": "2011-10-19T06:58:20.973", "lastEditDate": "2011-10-19T06:58:20.973", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "9558", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "41", "parentId": "116", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<h1>Installing new themes in Ubuntu 11.10 and 12.04 LTS</h1>\n\nUbuntu 11.10 and later versions switched to GNOME 3, and in the process lost the ability to add new themes easily through the Appearances window. However, new themes can be installed in other ways.\n\n11.04 and earlier uses GTK+2 themes; for Ubuntu 11.10 and up, you'll want GTK+3 themes. These can be found easily at a site like <a href=\"http://gnome-look.org/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">gnome-look.org</a>.\n\nOnce you have your themes, extract them to the appropriate folders.\n\n<ul>\n<li>GTK+3 themes go in <code>~/.themes</code> (or <code>/usr/share/themes</code> to be available for all users)</li>\n<li>Icon themes go in <code>~/.icons</code> (or <code>/usr/share/icons</code> to be available for all users)</li>\n</ul>\n\nTo install and use the themes you download, you'll need to either:\n\n<ul>\n<li>install the <a href=\"http://apt.ubuntu.com/p/gnome-tweak-tool\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">GNOME Tweak Tool</a><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/TGCf7.png\" alt=\"Install GNOME Tweak Tool\">. You may also want to install the User Themes Extension (<code>gnome-shell-extensions-user-theme</code>); see the source below for more information.</li>\n<li>install <a href=\"http://apt.ubuntu.com/p/myunity\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">MyUnity</a><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/TGCf7.png\" alt=\"MyUnity\"></li>\n</ul>\n\nUse <a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/61567/how-do-i-change-to-a-theme-not-listed-in-the-appearance-screen\">these instructions</a> to change to your newly installed theme.\n\nSource: <a href=\"http://maketecheasier.com/install-custom-gnome-shell-themes/2011/09/27\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">http://maketecheasier.com/install-custom-gnome-shell-themes/2011/09/27</a>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-10-19T07:38:19.303", "id": "69148", "lastActivityDate": "2012-06-18T09:08:08.710", "lastEditDate": "2017-04-13T12:23:36.527", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "18612", "parentId": "116", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "16" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<h2>Installing cursors/icons/themes in 11.10 and above:</h2>\n\nWhen you found a nice icon or cursor packages you download it, right click on it and choose 'extract here'. Then you open Nautilus with root previleges <code>gksu nautilus</code> and copy/move the extracted folder to the folder <code>/usr/share/icons/</code>.\nFor theme packages you copy/move the extracted folder to <code>/usr/share/themes</code>.\n\nThen you go to the Software Center and install the gnome-tweak-tool. Afterwards open the Dash with the Super(Windows)-Key and type tweak and choose the 'advances preferences' (or so, I'm not on an English system). Under 'theme' you should be able to change your cursor/icons/theme to whatever you like/installed.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-10-22T20:27:45.920", "id": "80313", "postId": "69154", "score": "0", "text": "From what I understand, `/usr/share/` folders apply system-wide to all users, which is good if you want everyone who uses your machine to have access to these themes. If you want them only for yourself, then `~/.icons` or `~/.themes` is what you want.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "18612" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-10-19T07:41:30.217", "id": "69154", "lastActivityDate": "2012-08-29T21:59:06.327", "lastEditDate": "2012-08-29T21:59:06.327", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "14356", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "19885", "parentId": "116", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "7" } ]

null

120

1

589

2010-07-28T20:42:08.370

62

77541

After upgrading my laptop from karmic to lucid, my fat32 partition won't mount automatically. I get the message: <pre><code>The disk drive for /osshare is not ready yet or not present Continue to wait; or Press S to skip mounting or M for manual recovery </code></pre> Funny thing is, if I skip, then <code>/osshare/</code> is mounted once I log in. I've a similar setup on my desktop, and it works fine. Fstab on desktop: <pre><code>UUID=4663-6853 /osshare vfat utf8,umask=007,gid=46 0 1 </code></pre> <code>/etc/fstab</code> on laptop: <pre><code>UUID=1234-5678 /osshare vfat utf8,auto,rw,user 0 0 </code></pre>

128

169736

2014-05-08T22:59:01.043

2015-11-19T08:12:26.277

How do I avoid the "S to Skip" message on boot?

[ "boot", "filesystem", "fstab" ]

4

CC BY-SA 2.5

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T22:12:49.390", "id": "138", "postId": "120", "score": "0", "text": "What happens when you mount the disk manually in Ubuntu? (`sudo mount /ossshare`)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "66" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T23:23:39.910", "id": "160", "postId": "120", "score": "0", "text": "That's the thing, I don't need to. Once I press S to skip and login, /osshare is mounted.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "128" }, { "creationDate": "2015-05-28T16:32:35.797", "id": "895103", "postId": "120", "score": "0", "text": "Related: [/etc/fstab skip on error](http://serverfault.com/q/466110/130437) at SF", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "78223" }, { "creationDate": "2018-06-08T05:16:57.213", "id": "1703314", "postId": "120", "score": "0", "text": "This question belongs on [unix.se]", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "29097" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "You should add the option <code>nobootwait</code> to your <code>/etc/fstab</code>. So that it looks like:\n\n<pre><code>UUID=1234-5678 /osshare vfat utf8,auto,rw,user,nobootwait 0 0 \n</code></pre>\n\nFrom <code>fstab(5)</code>:\n\n<blockquote>\n The <code>mountall(8)</code> program that mounts filesystem during boot also recognises additional options that the ordinary <code>mount(8)</code> tool does not.\n These are: <code>bootwait</code> which can be applied to remote filesystems\n mounted outside of <code>/usr</code> or <code>/var</code>, without which <code>mountall(8)</code> would not\n hold up the boot for these; <code>nobootwait</code> which can be applied to non-remote filesystems to explicitly instruct <code>mountall(8)</code> not to hold up\n the boot for them;\n</blockquote>\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-05-15T19:43:55.557", "id": "47085", "postId": "589", "score": "0", "text": "Does not work here my cifs mount option list looks like: auto,nofail,nobootwait,credentials=/etc/mycred and the message still appears", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1452" }, { "creationDate": "2012-02-10T22:21:53.037", "id": "119256", "postId": "589", "score": "7", "text": "Thanks! `nobootwait` is a good idea for extra EBS volumes mounted on EC2 instances, too.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2273" }, { "creationDate": "2014-06-01T06:26:13.233", "id": "631293", "postId": "589", "score": "1", "text": "And if that doesn't work, just remove the entry for the offending disk from your fstab. Then at least you can start from scratch if there is a deeper problem. Obviously this is not appropriate for your `/boot` `/swap` or `/` partitions, though.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "182590" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-31T19:19:18.940", "id": "589", "lastActivityDate": "2012-10-06T00:41:04.327", "lastEditDate": "2012-10-06T00:41:04.327", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "53752", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "236", "parentId": "120", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "78" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "I believe you need to change the options from <code>auto</code> to <code>noauto</code>\n", "commentCount": "5", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:50:47.053", "id": "99", "postId": "122", "score": "0", "text": "Will that not mean I'll need to mount the partition manually once I log in?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "128" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:59:56.330", "id": "110", "postId": "122", "score": "0", "text": "I'm not sure I don't recall that specific options repercussions. However comparing the fstab line from your desktop and the one on your laptop I would try removing the `auto` option all together.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "41" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T02:57:52.410", "id": "196", "postId": "122", "score": "2", "text": "Yes, you will have to mount it manually.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "66" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T04:45:15.497", "id": "214", "postId": "122", "score": "0", "text": "You can use gvfs-mount to automatically mount the partition after you log in (call it from Startup Applications).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "115" }, { "creationDate": "2015-11-29T14:45:30.043", "id": "1033307", "postId": "122", "score": "0", "text": "The auto type lets the mount command guess what type of file system is used. I dont think it has anything to do in breaking your system in case of bad disk.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "36155" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T20:46:02.090", "id": "122", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T20:46:02.090", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "41", "parentId": "120", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "It sounds like you might need to edit your fstab tables as an extra drive is messing with your boot-up, give the following a try:\n\n<ol>\n<li><kbd>Alt</kbd>+<kbd>F2</kbd></li>\n<li>Type <code>gksudo nautilus</code> and hit the run button</li>\n<li>Navigate to <code>/etc/fstab</code></li>\n<li>Open file and edit out the extra drive that is launching</li>\n<li>Save the file when done and close</li>\n<li>Restart machine</li>\n</ol>\n\nThis should stop the extra drive from interrupting your boot-up process.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2016-02-28T17:05:02.367", "id": "1100565", "postId": "473", "score": "2", "text": "Quicker: `gksudo gedit /etc/fstab`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "263353" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-30T03:42:22.427", "id": "473", "lastActivityDate": "2012-10-06T00:41:11.317", "lastEditDate": "2012-10-06T00:41:11.317", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "53752", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "267", "parentId": "120", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "You should add the option <code>nobootwait</code> to your <code>/etc/fstab</code>. So that it looks like:\n\n<pre><code>UUID=1234-5678 /osshare vfat utf8,auto,rw,user,nobootwait 0 0 \n</code></pre>\n\nFrom <code>fstab(5)</code>:\n\n<blockquote>\n The <code>mountall(8)</code> program that mounts filesystem during boot also recognises additional options that the ordinary <code>mount(8)</code> tool does not.\n These are: <code>bootwait</code> which can be applied to remote filesystems\n mounted outside of <code>/usr</code> or <code>/var</code>, without which <code>mountall(8)</code> would not\n hold up the boot for these; <code>nobootwait</code> which can be applied to non-remote filesystems to explicitly instruct <code>mountall(8)</code> not to hold up\n the boot for them;\n</blockquote>\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-05-15T19:43:55.557", "id": "47085", "postId": "589", "score": "0", "text": "Does not work here my cifs mount option list looks like: auto,nofail,nobootwait,credentials=/etc/mycred and the message still appears", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1452" }, { "creationDate": "2012-02-10T22:21:53.037", "id": "119256", "postId": "589", "score": "7", "text": "Thanks! `nobootwait` is a good idea for extra EBS volumes mounted on EC2 instances, too.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2273" }, { "creationDate": "2014-06-01T06:26:13.233", "id": "631293", "postId": "589", "score": "1", "text": "And if that doesn't work, just remove the entry for the offending disk from your fstab. Then at least you can start from scratch if there is a deeper problem. Obviously this is not appropriate for your `/boot` `/swap` or `/` partitions, though.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "182590" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-31T19:19:18.940", "id": "589", "lastActivityDate": "2012-10-06T00:41:04.327", "lastEditDate": "2012-10-06T00:41:04.327", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "53752", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "236", "parentId": "120", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "78" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Another option for <code>/etc/fstab</code> mounts appears to be the \"bg\" option, which not only backgrounds the <code>nfs</code> mount, but also attempts retries at a regular interval after boot finishes. So when the <code>nfs</code> server comes back online, your mounts will eventually come back online.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2015-09-10T09:00:06.947", "id": "972167", "postId": "195677", "score": "2", "text": "Any link to the documentation? This only applies to NFS-mounts?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "22865" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-10-02T18:43:39.627", "id": "195677", "lastActivityDate": "2015-05-28T17:27:57.420", "lastEditDate": "2015-05-28T17:27:57.420", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "78223", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "94116", "parentId": "120", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "10" } ]

null

127

1

260

2010-07-28T20:56:38.163

20

686

I'd like to get involved with Ubuntu QA by creating automated tests. Is there an ongoing effort to create these tests? Where can I learn more?

56

22949

2012-12-28T08:50:09.020

2013-01-04T18:18:46.423

How do I get involved with testing and QA with Ubuntu?

[ "automation", "testing", "quality" ]

6

0

CC BY-SA 3.0

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "The QA team does extensive automated testing - it's part of the requirements for hardware to get Ubuntu certified.\n\nThe project they use is <a href=\"https://edge.launchpad.net/checkbox\" rel=\"nofollow\">Checkbox</a>. Don't be fooled by the quite cut-down version shipped in the <code>checkbox-gtk</code> package - the full suite contains a huge range of tests.\n\nThe <a href=\"http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-qa\" rel=\"nofollow\">Ubuntu QA</a> mailing list is where you want to go for checkbox questions, or to discuss merge requests. This <a href=\"http://qa.ubuntu.com/automation/\" rel=\"nofollow\">link</a> discusses about the complete set of tools used by the QA team for automation.\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2012-12-28T06:45:27.563", "id": "289076", "postId": "260", "score": "2", "text": "Please add this link too: http://qa.ubuntu.com/automation/", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "11932" }, { "creationDate": "2013-01-04T15:53:13.407", "id": "293519", "postId": "260", "score": "0", "text": "@saji89: you can go ahead and suggest an edit.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2355" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T02:49:24.723", "id": "260", "lastActivityDate": "2013-01-04T18:18:46.423", "lastEditDate": "2013-01-04T18:18:46.423", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "11932", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "188", "parentId": "127", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "13" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "Usually automated testing is done on a per project basis and the quality of those tests are highly dependant on the project's organisation and quality control. Tests can be tied into the building of debs and such but as far as I know I've never heard of any external testing framework outside of any particular project.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:12:05.927", "id": "141", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T21:12:05.927", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "132", "parentId": "127", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "A project does exist at <a href=\"https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Testing/Automation\" rel=\"nofollow\">https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Testing/Automation</a> for this - I'm not sure how much it currently covers, but there is also automated upgrade testing done to test out upgrading various package combinations.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:46:44.273", "id": "162", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T21:46:44.273", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "129", "parentId": "127", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "There is <a href=\"http://qa.ubuntu.com/\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://qa.ubuntu.com/</a> - which links to e.g. <a href=\"http://mago.ubuntu.com/\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://mago.ubuntu.com/</a>\n\nWhile I cannot point at something specific, this appears to be a good starting point.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T23:14:59.033", "id": "207", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T23:14:59.033", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "169", "parentId": "127", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "The QA team does extensive automated testing - it's part of the requirements for hardware to get Ubuntu certified.\n\nThe project they use is <a href=\"https://edge.launchpad.net/checkbox\" rel=\"nofollow\">Checkbox</a>. Don't be fooled by the quite cut-down version shipped in the <code>checkbox-gtk</code> package - the full suite contains a huge range of tests.\n\nThe <a href=\"http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-qa\" rel=\"nofollow\">Ubuntu QA</a> mailing list is where you want to go for checkbox questions, or to discuss merge requests. This <a href=\"http://qa.ubuntu.com/automation/\" rel=\"nofollow\">link</a> discusses about the complete set of tools used by the QA team for automation.\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2012-12-28T06:45:27.563", "id": "289076", "postId": "260", "score": "2", "text": "Please add this link too: http://qa.ubuntu.com/automation/", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "11932" }, { "creationDate": "2013-01-04T15:53:13.407", "id": "293519", "postId": "260", "score": "0", "text": "@saji89: you can go ahead and suggest an edit.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2355" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T02:49:24.723", "id": "260", "lastActivityDate": "2013-01-04T18:18:46.423", "lastEditDate": "2013-01-04T18:18:46.423", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "11932", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "188", "parentId": "127", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "13" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "You can get involved with testing by joining the <a href=\"https://wiki.ubuntu.com/QATeam/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">QA team</a>, their <a href=\"https://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-quality\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">mailing list - ubuntu-quality</a>, and their <a href=\"https://blueprints.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+spec/qa-r-autopilot-in-ue\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">launchpad page</a>.\n\nThe last link will take you to the autopilot launchpad site which is thier automatated testing package.\n\nSee my answer <a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/233219/how-do-i-contribute-to-autopilot-tests/233264#233264\">here</a> for additional details on how Ubuntu automated testing works.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-12-28T06:37:30.517", "id": "233521", "lastActivityDate": "2012-12-28T06:37:30.517", "lastEditDate": "2017-04-13T12:24:08.307", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "106495", "parentId": "127", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "There are a couple ways to get involved in writing automated tests. The quality team is involved in writing autopkg and autopilot tests for ubuntu packages.\n\nAutopkg\n\nAutopkg tests are run at build time automatically by the buildbots for the package. The goal of these tests is to provide system and integration testing to guarantee basic functionality. You can see the live output of the current autopkg tests <a href=\"https://jenkins.qa.ubuntu.com/view/Raring/view/AutoPkgTest/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">here</a>. If your interested in writing these tests, see:\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/236202/how-do-i-contribute-an-autopkg-test-to-ubuntu\">How do I contribute an autopkg test to ubuntu?</a></li>\n</ul>\n\nAutopilot\n\nThese tests are written in python using the autopilot framework. The goal of these tests is to provide higher level application and functional testing. The tests are written in python and can be user executed or scripted via a test runner such as UTAH or jenkins to run and publish results automatically. For more information on autopilot, check out the project on <a href=\"https://launchpad.net/autopilot\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">launchpad</a> as well as the <a href=\"http://unity.ubuntu.com/autopilot/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">documentation</a> for the project. If your interested in writing these tests, see:\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/233219/how-do-i-contribute-to-autopilot-tests\">How do I contribute an autopilot test?</a></li>\n</ul>\n\nGetting Help\n\nFor more information or to get help, email the <a href=\"https://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-quality\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">ubuntu-quality list</a> or visit #ubuntu-quality on freenode.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2013-01-04T15:42:55.053", "id": "236157", "lastActivityDate": "2013-01-04T17:12:46.253", "lastEditDate": "2017-04-13T12:24:08.307", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "32111", "parentId": "127", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" } ]

null

128

1

null

2010-07-28T20:57:41.563

11

3488

I will be going to University soon and am looking for a tablet/netbook on which I can use a stylus to write notes (Chinese characters mostly). I have only found 2 netbooks (with swivel screens and full keyboards) that might work for me. One is the ASUS Eee PC T101MT, and the other is a Gigabyte Touchnote. Does anyone know of tablets (keyboardless) that Ubuntu fully works on?

138

null

2012-06-23T10:07:07.613

What are the multi-touch netbooks/tablets that work with Ubuntu?

[ "tablet", "ubuntu-netbook", "multi-touch" ]

4

5

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:40:51.793", "id": "128", "postId": "128", "score": "1", "text": "You should remove netbook from your question altogether. Not the word you're looking for.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "119" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T22:25:46.227", "id": "141", "postId": "128", "score": "1", "text": "There are 2 different types of computers that will work for me. A netbook with a multi-touch screen and a tablet. This is why I have the tablet/netbook in the question.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "138" }, { "creationDate": "2011-02-14T04:02:23.913", "id": "28827", "postId": "128", "score": "0", "text": "Likely he is adding `netbook` because he wants something portable and within the budget of someone living in that region.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1304" }, { "creationDate": "2011-02-14T04:03:28.967", "id": "28828", "postId": "128", "score": "0", "text": "Multi-touch is not a necessary component of capacitive handwriting capture. There have been capacitive touch- and/or pen-capture devices for a long time, but multi-touch in main-stream operating systems is fairly new.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1304" }, { "creationDate": "2012-02-27T18:28:40.037", "id": "126880", "postId": "128", "score": "0", "text": "This question appears to be abandoned, if you are experiencing a similar issue please [ask a new question](http://askubuntu.com/questions/ask) with details pertaining to your problem. If you feel this question is *not* abandoned, please flag the question explaining that. :)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "46312" } ]

null

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "Well Ubuntu is working on multitouch and it should be in either the next release or the release after. Synaptics is making it too but I dont know if thats ready yet. \n\nThe touch screens will work it will just move the mouse to the place you touch it just wont do anything special.\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T17:20:55.177", "id": "340", "postId": "159", "score": "0", "text": "I had some basic multitouch functionality with my standard Synaptics laptop touchpad awhile back. Nothing special, just two-fingered scrolling that didn't work all that well anyway.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "10" }, { "creationDate": "2011-02-14T03:33:20.533", "id": "28817", "postId": "159", "score": "0", "text": "Macbooks aren't supported by the Canonical work yet. Instead, see http://askubuntu.com/questions/9460/is-it-possible-to-get-dragging-working-on-a-macbook-multi-touch-touch-pad/26198#26198 for support for the basics (dragging, scroll, etc).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1304" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:42:51.857", "id": "159", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T21:42:51.857", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "153", "parentId": "128", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Try <a href=\"http://www.alwaysinnovating.com/touchbook/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Touchbook</a>.\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:52:18.390", "id": "133", "postId": "160", "score": "0", "text": "Looks interesting. I'll have to keep my eye on this one.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "88" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T22:29:18.567", "id": "143", "postId": "160", "score": "0", "text": "Right now they are not shipping any units because they are working on their latest innovation. So I'm not sure if I will have time to wait for this one.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "138" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:45:07.520", "id": "160", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T21:45:07.520", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "143", "parentId": "128", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I currently use a Lenovo X61 Tablet pc with Xournal as my handwritten notes application. There was some custom configuration I had to do, but for the most part it worked fine.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T16:20:41.873", "id": "402", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T16:20:41.873", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "88", "parentId": "128", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Please see this to get help with MultiTouch in Ubuntu: <a href=\"https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Multitouch#Community%20Help\" rel=\"noreferrer\">https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Multitouch#Community%20Help</a>\n\nThe same page has a section dedicated to devices currently supported or being tested by the community. Your two choices don't seem listed there but I'd encourage you to file bugs:\nubuntu-bug utouch\n\nIf you can do so from any of the devices, within a 10.10 live CD, that would be best.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-10-22T20:53:39.233", "id": "8956", "lastActivityDate": "2010-10-22T20:53:39.233", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "4601", "parentId": "128", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" } ]

null

2012-02-27T18:31:59.837

user70540

null

131

1

133

2010-07-28T21:00:34.410

58

7856

Before I buy my next laptop, I'd like to make sure that it will work perfectly with Ubuntu. Is there a list of completely supported computers anywhere?

56

175814

2018-04-06T22:36:37.557

2022-03-03T16:11:12.660

Where can I find a list of computers guaranteed to work with Ubuntu?

[ "hardware", "compatibility", "hardware-certification" ]

9

5

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2011-12-03T11:44:44.843", "id": "96260", "postId": "131", "score": "3", "text": "The way it stands, it's subjective, and it will lead to a \"my-laptop-is-better-than-yours\" question. :)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "6005" }, { "creationDate": "2011-12-03T12:00:10.400", "id": "96264", "postId": "131", "score": "0", "text": "ok @jrg, but is there a place where I can find laptops that is supported?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "10698" }, { "creationDate": "2011-12-03T12:16:14.910", "id": "96272", "postId": "131", "score": "0", "text": "I think this question should be generalized so that it sounds like \"how do I find laptops that is officially/fully supported by Ubuntu?\"", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "6932" }, { "creationDate": "2018-04-06T19:03:02.437", "id": "1660803", "postId": "131", "score": "0", "text": "I don't see this question as primarily opinion-based, though it depends on how you interpret the words \"guaranteed\", \"perfectly\", and \"completely\".", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "301745" }, { "creationDate": "2023-08-10T08:46:35.283", "id": "2594780", "postId": "131", "score": "0", "text": "Related: [Will my device work with Ubuntu?](https://askubuntu.com/questions/986878/will-my-device-work-with-ubuntu) and [How do I know if a laptop will work with Ubuntu?](https://askubuntu.com/questions/10958/how-do-i-know-if-a-laptop-will-work-with-ubuntu)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "618353" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "There is an ongoing QA effort for Laptops and Desktops in the Ubuntu Community - you can find that information here:\n\n<a href=\"https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Testing/Laptop/OldReports\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">Old Ubuntu Laptop Reports</a> and for everything 11.04 and onwards, <a href=\"http://laptop.qa.ubuntu.com/qatracker/laptop\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">Laptop Testing Site</a>\n\nYou can find the reports for Lucid tested Laptops tests here: <a href=\"https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Testing/Laptop/Lucid/Reports\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">10.04 Lucid Laptop Tests</a>. The best course of action is to find a handful of laptops you're interested in then check the Reports on each.\n\nIf you feel compelled to help you can find more information at the <a href=\"https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Testing/Laptop\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">Laptop Testing</a> page.\n\nFinally there is a detailed list of compatible systems on the <a href=\"http://www.ubuntu.com/certification\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">Ubuntu Certification</a> page.\n", "commentCount": "4", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-04-01T12:03:21.683", "id": "36962", "postId": "133", "score": "0", "text": "So.. when running a live CD (or after installation), I can run through a test suite. Is this the same test suite referred to at the laptop testing site? Are there plans to compile the results of those user tests into that database? I was initially expecting that they would be already integrated into it, but based on the very low number of test results, it seems that that is not (yet?) the case.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "3865" }, { "creationDate": "2011-04-01T12:11:56.443", "id": "36964", "postId": "133", "score": "0", "text": "@intuited I don't know those details - I would recommend asking a new question on this site to get an expert with knowledge of the testing procedure to weigh in", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "41" }, { "creationDate": "2011-04-01T15:23:36.630", "id": "36979", "postId": "133", "score": "0", "text": "[Done](http://askubuntu.com/questions/33013/will-livecd-test-results-be-aggregated-into-the-laptop-testing-tracker).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "3865" }, { "creationDate": "2013-01-10T21:48:51.277", "id": "298696", "postId": "133", "score": "0", "text": "Well [Ubuntu Friendly](https://friendly.ubuntu.com/) is not too promising - Three notebooks rated by one user each...", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "134729" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:06:54.253", "id": "133", "lastActivityDate": "2019-11-07T12:35:57.367", "lastEditDate": "2019-11-07T12:35:57.367", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "349903", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "41", "parentId": "131", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "43" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "There is an ongoing QA effort for Laptops and Desktops in the Ubuntu Community - you can find that information here:\n\n<a href=\"https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Testing/Laptop/OldReports\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">Old Ubuntu Laptop Reports</a> and for everything 11.04 and onwards, <a href=\"http://laptop.qa.ubuntu.com/qatracker/laptop\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">Laptop Testing Site</a>\n\nYou can find the reports for Lucid tested Laptops tests here: <a href=\"https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Testing/Laptop/Lucid/Reports\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">10.04 Lucid Laptop Tests</a>. The best course of action is to find a handful of laptops you're interested in then check the Reports on each.\n\nIf you feel compelled to help you can find more information at the <a href=\"https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Testing/Laptop\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">Laptop Testing</a> page.\n\nFinally there is a detailed list of compatible systems on the <a href=\"http://www.ubuntu.com/certification\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">Ubuntu Certification</a> page.\n", "commentCount": "4", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-04-01T12:03:21.683", "id": "36962", "postId": "133", "score": "0", "text": "So.. when running a live CD (or after installation), I can run through a test suite. Is this the same test suite referred to at the laptop testing site? Are there plans to compile the results of those user tests into that database? I was initially expecting that they would be already integrated into it, but based on the very low number of test results, it seems that that is not (yet?) the case.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "3865" }, { "creationDate": "2011-04-01T12:11:56.443", "id": "36964", "postId": "133", "score": "0", "text": "@intuited I don't know those details - I would recommend asking a new question on this site to get an expert with knowledge of the testing procedure to weigh in", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "41" }, { "creationDate": "2011-04-01T15:23:36.630", "id": "36979", "postId": "133", "score": "0", "text": "[Done](http://askubuntu.com/questions/33013/will-livecd-test-results-be-aggregated-into-the-laptop-testing-tracker).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "3865" }, { "creationDate": "2013-01-10T21:48:51.277", "id": "298696", "postId": "133", "score": "0", "text": "Well [Ubuntu Friendly](https://friendly.ubuntu.com/) is not too promising - Three notebooks rated by one user each...", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "134729" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:06:54.253", "id": "133", "lastActivityDate": "2019-11-07T12:35:57.367", "lastEditDate": "2019-11-07T12:35:57.367", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "349903", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "41", "parentId": "131", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "43" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "If you get a computer with Ubuntu preinstalled, it's guaranteed to work with Ubuntu. <a href=\"http://www.dell.com/ubuntu\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">Dell</a> and <a href=\"http://www.system76.com/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">System76</a> are the two most recommended companies from which to get Ubuntu computers.\n", "commentCount": "7", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:14:01.373", "id": "114", "postId": "135", "score": "20", "text": "A side benefit of this route is showing the computer manufacturers see that there is a demand for PCs with something other than Windows preinstalled.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "104" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:20:12.813", "id": "118", "postId": "135", "score": "5", "text": "Agree with David - that's Bug #1 for Ubuntu https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+bug/1", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "41" }, { "creationDate": "2010-10-06T09:03:56.803", "id": "5341", "postId": "135", "score": "5", "text": "The problem is that there is a new ubuntu every 6 months. Just because it works with the version installed when you buy it, does not mean it will work on the next ubuntu release.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "448" }, { "creationDate": "2010-10-30T18:04:34.440", "id": "10688", "postId": "135", "score": "1", "text": "@trampster In my experience, hardware compatibility only improves with time (these days - the 2.4 to 2.6 kernel change did affect hardware compatibility). The exceptions are some things like the Synaptic touchpad configuration regression w/ Hal.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5050" }, { "creationDate": "2011-04-01T04:59:58.453", "id": "36932", "postId": "135", "score": "1", "text": "I've never owned a machine that came with ubuntu pre-installed, but I would not expect a guarantee of things working correctly after upgrades. Most problems seem to be caused by regression bugs in device drivers and such. Although vendors (Dell, Acer, etc.) could take the initiative to thoroughly test their supported models during ubuntu code freeze periods and to provide fixes for issues if necessary before official release, I would be somewhat surprised to learn that they actually do this.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "3865" }, { "creationDate": "2012-11-01T11:14:54.313", "id": "261269", "postId": "135", "score": "1", "text": "A preinstall can possibly go kaput by way of updates to future versions.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "54298" }, { "creationDate": "2018-05-17T01:38:42.400", "id": "1688206", "postId": "135", "score": "0", "text": "I have Dell Inspirion 3542 with Ubuntu preinstalled (it was 12.04 or 14.04) and now it's not that good: 16.04 and 18.04 freeze on shutdown.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "393875" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:07:07.390", "id": "135", "lastActivityDate": "2018-04-06T19:07:03.630", "lastEditDate": "2018-04-06T19:07:03.630", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "301745", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "35", "parentId": "131", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "21" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "There is a <a href=\"https://wiki.ubuntu.com/HardwareSupport/\" rel=\"nofollow\">wiki page of supported hardware</a>, but I don't think it's fully exhaustive. The motherboard I'm using works fine and doesn't appear anywhere on that list.\n", "commentCount": "4", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-10-06T12:34:46.817", "id": "5354", "postId": "136", "score": "0", "text": "Perhaps you could add the details of your motherboard to the list?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "458" }, { "creationDate": "2010-10-06T13:12:41.143", "id": "5357", "postId": "136", "score": "1", "text": "@Richard: Sensible suggestion, but it's described as an \"Immutable Page\". Perhaps I don't have the required edit permissions. I'm using a Gigabyte GA-MA785GT-UD3H 785G Socket AM3 motherboard if you have edit access and would like to add it. I'll add the disclaimer though that I am far from an Ubuntu or Linux expert so all I can verify is that it appears to function acceptably. I cannot say for certain that every aspect of the motherboard is tested and functions correctly.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "141" }, { "creationDate": "2010-10-06T22:10:25.820", "id": "5389", "postId": "136", "score": "1", "text": "Fair enough. On that basis I have added the category / sub category and page which is at https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Gigabyte_GA-MA785GT-UD3H. Please check you are happy with the content as I have quoted you and let me know if you want me to make any changes.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "458" }, { "creationDate": "2010-10-07T07:40:24.820", "id": "5410", "postId": "136", "score": "0", "text": "@Richard: Nice one.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "141" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:08:52.207", "id": "136", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T21:08:52.207", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "141", "parentId": "131", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Another retailer for preinstalled Ubuntu systems is <a href=\"http://zareason.com/shop/home.php\" rel=\"nofollow\">ZaReason</a>.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:17:40.487", "id": "146", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T21:17:40.487", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "88", "parentId": "131", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "16" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<a href=\"https://ubuntu.com/certified\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">This page</a> on ubuntu.com has the breakdown of certified machines by manufacturer and model type.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2010-08-05T03:42:27.850", "id": "958", "lastActivityDate": "2022-03-03T16:11:12.660", "lastEditDate": "2022-03-03T16:11:12.660", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "68186", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "235", "parentId": "131", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "22" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Another way is get some flashdrive with ubuntu and test at the store\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-10-13T03:36:40.493", "id": "6570", "postId": "2602", "score": "0", "text": "You can also use a LiveCD", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "3220" }, { "creationDate": "2012-11-01T11:15:21.613", "id": "261270", "postId": "2602", "score": "2", "text": "The stores often don't allow customers to test bootable media.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "54298" }, { "creationDate": "2015-01-30T02:50:52.600", "id": "800805", "postId": "2602", "score": "0", "text": "@hexafraction And I don't have a Lenovo store in my area.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "82144" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-18T18:30:51.807", "id": "2602", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-18T18:30:51.807", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": "Igor Belchior", "ownerUserId": null, "parentId": "131", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Laptop compatibility information here : <a href=\"http://www.linux-laptop.net/\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://www.linux-laptop.net/</a>\n\nSome details about DELL compatibility with Ubuntu here: <a href=\"http://www.linux-laptop.net/dell.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://www.linux-laptop.net/dell.html</a>\n\nBut alas, no mention of the Inspiron 13z.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-11-29T07:03:54.630", "id": "16104", "postId": "6653", "score": "0", "text": "Another source of linux on laptop info : http://www.linlap.com/wiki/laptops", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "171" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-10-13T02:12:20.837", "id": "6653", "lastActivityDate": "2010-10-13T02:12:20.837", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "171", "parentId": "131", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "There is an open hardware validation programme for laptops, desktops, and netbooks called <a href=\"https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuFriendly\" rel=\"nofollow\">Ubuntu Friendly</a>. It is still under works, and will probably will launched for 11.10.\n\nThe launchpad project is located <a href=\"https://launchpad.net/ubuntu-friendly\" rel=\"nofollow\">here</a>\n\nThe idea is to allow anyone to test any hardware, and report the results back. Multiple positive results for the same hardware will result in a Ubuntu Friendly certification.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2015-09-03T15:57:49.340", "id": "966592", "postId": "47413", "score": "0", "text": "Ubuntu Friendly was decommissioned in 2013.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "232993" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-06-07T08:23:18.293", "id": "47413", "lastActivityDate": "2011-06-07T08:23:18.293", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "11736", "parentId": "131", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "It's too general a question to make one specific recommendation so your best solution is to look at the <a href=\"http://www.ubuntu.com/certification/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">Ubuntu Certified Hardware</a> page.\n\nYou can review which laptop best suits your requirements by the manufacturer of your choice.\n\nIt lists all the laptops certified for Ubuntu by release as well\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-12-03T12:00:46.857", "id": "96265", "postId": "84816", "score": "0", "text": "This is problaby the best place to start looking. But is there a site that rates how much of a specific computer is supported?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "10698" }, { "creationDate": "2011-12-03T12:09:15.430", "id": "96268", "postId": "84816", "score": "0", "text": "Not that I am aware of - the [Ubuntu Wiki](https://wiki.ubuntu.com/HardwareSupport) for hardware support has some further links for research.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4982" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-12-03T11:29:56.490", "id": "84816", "lastActivityDate": "2018-04-06T19:14:52.350", "lastEditDate": "2018-04-06T19:14:52.350", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "301745", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "4982", "parentId": "131", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "9" } ]

null

134

1

140

2010-07-28T21:07:03.257

228

212343

How do I create a desktop wallpaper slideshow with my own set of images? <ul> <li>With the images coming from a pictures folder, or pre-selected</li> <li>With the images displayed in order, or randomly</li> <li>With the images changing every few minutes, or after random periods of time</li> </ul>

56

58612

2012-08-22T08:47:23.883

2024-01-09T14:27:37.130

How do I create a desktop wallpaper slideshow?

[ "desktop-background", "appearance" ]

20

1

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2018-09-22T19:03:36.537", "id": "1769654", "postId": "134", "score": "5", "text": "In 2018, Variety seems to me the best tool for this job: https://peterlevi.com/variety/", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "671005" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "<h2>For 11.04 and previous versions</h2>\n\nThere's a program for creating wallpaper slideshows called CREBS. Check out this article about it: <a href=\"http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2010/05/crebs-the-ultimate-wallpaper-slideshow-application\" rel=\"noreferrer\">http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2010/05/crebs-the-ultimate-wallpaper-slideshow-application</a>\n\nA simpler app that has fewer features but is easier to use can be found here: <a href=\"http://gnome-look.org/content/show.php/Wallpaper+Slideshow?content=125178\" rel=\"noreferrer\">http://gnome-look.org/content/show.php/Wallpaper+Slideshow?content=125178</a>\n\n<img src=\"https://lh5.ggpht.com/_FJH0hYZmVtc/S_06k3BoUSI/AAAAAAAAH-A/f7UXF-GHagg/s1600-\" alt=\"alt text\">\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:11:19.890", "id": "140", "lastActivityDate": "2012-09-28T03:06:04.100", "lastEditDate": "2017-03-09T18:04:14.220", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "35", "parentId": "134", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "63" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "<h2>For 11.04 and previous versions</h2>\n\nThere's a program for creating wallpaper slideshows called CREBS. Check out this article about it: <a href=\"http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2010/05/crebs-the-ultimate-wallpaper-slideshow-application\" rel=\"noreferrer\">http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2010/05/crebs-the-ultimate-wallpaper-slideshow-application</a>\n\nA simpler app that has fewer features but is easier to use can be found here: <a href=\"http://gnome-look.org/content/show.php/Wallpaper+Slideshow?content=125178\" rel=\"noreferrer\">http://gnome-look.org/content/show.php/Wallpaper+Slideshow?content=125178</a>\n\n<img src=\"https://lh5.ggpht.com/_FJH0hYZmVtc/S_06k3BoUSI/AAAAAAAAH-A/f7UXF-GHagg/s1600-\" alt=\"alt text\">\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:11:19.890", "id": "140", "lastActivityDate": "2012-09-28T03:06:04.100", "lastEditDate": "2017-03-09T18:04:14.220", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "35", "parentId": "134", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "63" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Create an XML file yourself. Use this script as a starting point with caution, it may have some errors.\n\n<pre class=\"lang-bsh prettyprint-override\"><code>#!/bin/bash\n\nFILE=\"background.xml\"\nDURATION=10.0\nTRANSITION=0.0\n\nCURRENTDIR=$PWD\nTRANSITION_XML=\"\n<static>\n <duration>$DURATION</duration>\n <file>$CURRENTDIR/%s</file>\n</static>\n<transition>\n <duration>$TRANSITION</duration>\n <from>$CURRENTDIR/%s</from>\n <to>$CURRENTDIR/%s</to>\n</transition>\n\"\n\n# Random order\nshopt -s nullgob nocaseglob # ignore non-existant extensions, case-insensitve\nIMGS=( *.{jpg,jpeg,png,gif} )\nINDICES=( $(shuf -e ${!IMGS[@]}) ) # randomize indices of images\nINDICES+=(${INDICES[0]}) # go back to first image after last\nCOUNTER=${#IMGS[@]}\n\nexec > \"$FILE\" # all further output to the XML file\necho \"<background><starttime></starttime>\"\n\nfor ((i = 0; i < COUNTER; i++))\ndo\n index=${INDICES[i]}\n printf \"$TRANSITION_XML\" \"${IMGS[index]}\" \"${IMGS[index]}\" \"${IMGS[index + 1]}\"\ndone\n\necho \"</background>\"\n</code></pre>\n\nInstructions:\n\nOnce the <code>background.xml</code> file has been generated, right-click on the desktop, select Change Background Image, click Add..., then navigate to the directory containing the XML file. Just above the \"Open\" button change the selector from \"Image\" to \"All files\", then select the background.xml file and click on the \"Open\" button. The file can be renamed to be more descriptive, such as <code>my_family.xml</code>, <code>landscapes-3.xml</code>, etc., allowing one to have multiple slide show playlists. \n", "commentCount": "8", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2013-07-09T20:35:51.727", "id": "403458", "postId": "10943", "score": "1", "text": "I have modified the above script, adapting it to be a Nautilus Script: http://www.stefanobagnatica.it/dl/jaub/create_slideshow.sh.txt\nJust put that in .local/share/nautilus/scripts, than in Nautilus select folder with wallpapers and right click > Scripts > create_slideshow: it will create XML file in .backgrounds and XML wallpaper definition file in gnome-background-properties folder.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "12064" }, { "creationDate": "2015-12-19T01:23:17.850", "id": "1046517", "postId": "10943", "score": "0", "text": "@Pisu could you please upload that script to another location? It now gives a 404 error.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "313771" }, { "creationDate": "2015-12-20T05:11:09.650", "id": "1047235", "postId": "10943", "score": "0", "text": "http://paste.ubuntu.com/8091445/", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "12064" }, { "creationDate": "2016-02-23T01:45:05.447", "id": "1096593", "postId": "10943", "score": "0", "text": "while this might seem like a nice answer, there are no instructions as to what to do with the file after it is created.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "257376" }, { "creationDate": "2016-11-24T17:03:16.417", "id": "1312107", "postId": "10943", "score": "0", "text": "The DURATION and TRANSITION values in the script are suitable for testing, but for actual use should be changed to something like 1795.0 and 5.0, giving static display times of half an hour per image with 5-second dissolve transitions.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "205882" }, { "creationDate": "2016-11-24T17:08:35.230", "id": "1312110", "postId": "10943", "score": "0", "text": "@Kalamalka Kid, once the background.xml file has been generated, right-click on the desktop, select Change Background Image, click Add..., then navigate to the directory containing the XML file. Just above the \"Open\" button change the selector from \"Image\" to \"All files\", then select the background.xml file and click on the \"Open\" button. The file can be renamed to be more descriptive, such as \"my_family.xml\", \"landscapes-3.xml\", etc., allowing one to have multiple slide show playlists.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "205882" }, { "creationDate": "2016-11-25T18:39:43.933", "id": "1312819", "postId": "10943", "score": "0", "text": "A cleaned-up and commented version of the script can be obtained from http://paste.ubuntu.com/23533511/ that outputs neatly formatted and indented XML code with comments. It has been tested on Ubuntu 10.04 \"Lucid Lynx\" with GNOME 2.30 as a Nautilus script and as a stand-alone script run from a terminal window in the directory containing the wallpaper images to be used in a slide show.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "205882" }, { "creationDate": "2018-05-06T10:16:42.617", "id": "1679538", "postId": "10943", "score": "1", "text": "Just tried it out out Ubuntu 16.04 - unfortunately there is no \"All files\" selector anymore. Any idea how do make it work on Ubuntu 16.04?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "781354" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-11-02T10:44:48.700", "id": "10943", "lastActivityDate": "2017-09-19T12:30:27.287", "lastEditDate": "2017-09-19T12:30:27.287", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "158442", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "2833", "parentId": "134", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "29" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I wanted to do the same thing a while back; here is my script: <a href=\"http://pastebin.com/FkaxaN3J\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://pastebin.com/FkaxaN3J</a>\n\nJust stick it in the directory, make executable, and run.\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2012-02-27T14:48:21.187", "id": "126777", "postId": "21815", "score": "1", "text": "Your script looks pretty good. Are you up for creating a slightly different version to answer this question: http://askubuntu.com/q/35971/458 ? It has been open for 10 months and is not getting answers.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "458" }, { "creationDate": "2012-02-28T02:21:33.450", "id": "127086", "postId": "21815", "score": "0", "text": "@RichardHolloway, that's a good question you've linked, but one that I've run out of time to help answer. If you or anyone else wants to take the script and run with it, they're welcome to do so.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "8724" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2011-01-16T13:18:30.353", "id": "21815", "lastActivityDate": "2011-01-16T13:27:22.607", "lastEditDate": "2011-01-16T13:27:22.607", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "8724", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "8724", "parentId": "134", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Use cortina, it works pretty well.\n\nIt can set the desktop background picture to be set a random file from a given directory.\n\nIt can be installed via Ubuntu Software Center.\n\n<a href=\"https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/applications/cortina\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://hostmar.co/software-banner\" alt=\"Install via the software center\"></a>\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-05-23T14:52:38.403", "id": "49122", "postId": "21816", "score": "1", "text": "I don't see this in the Software Centre in Natty, am I missing something, or has it been removed?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1686" }, { "creationDate": "2012-03-14T18:32:31.063", "id": "133406", "postId": "21816", "score": "2", "text": "Cortina is only available in the (currently unreleased) Ubuntu 12.04. However, [it is broken](https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/cortina/+bug/948914).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "866" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-01-16T13:25:05.900", "id": "21816", "lastActivityDate": "2012-08-22T08:51:46.967", "lastEditDate": "2017-03-11T19:00:05.787", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "9013", "parentId": "134", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "You might be interested in a program that automatically creates such a wallpaper-slideshow.\n\nAccording to <a href=\"http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2011/02/wallpaper-gallery-is-a-shotwell-friendly-wallpaper-changer-for-ubuntu/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">this OMG! Ubuntu post</a>, you have for example <a href=\"http://www.olmec.co.nz/software/wallpaperchanger/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">'Wallpaper Gallery'</a>. It takes as input data tagged photos from your Shotwell gallery. Therefore it becomes very easy to add & remove photos for instance.\n\nFirst select the tags concerning the photos you want to be displayed, then configure as you wish the switching time, the order, etc. Here some screenshots :\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/b3pIy.png\" alt=\"Wallpaper Gallery display options\">\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/Dhygp.png\" alt=\"Wallpaper Gallery data source\">\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2011-02-16T17:08:24.927", "id": "26664", "lastActivityDate": "2011-02-16T17:08:24.927", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5592", "parentId": "134", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "For gnome 3, generate the xml using one of the previous answers, then you could add the generated xml via the command line:\n\n<pre><code>gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///home/pykler/.backgrounds/realtime/background.xml'\n</code></pre>\n\nAnother Solution (this will add your bg to the Appearance area under gnome-control-center):\n\n<pre><code>mkdir -p ~/.local/share/gnome-background-properties/\n\ncat >~/.local/share/gnome-background-properties/custom-wallpapers.xml <<EOF\n<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\n<!DOCTYPE wallpapers SYSTEM \"gnome-wp-list.dtd\">\n<wallpapers>\n <wallpaper deleted=\"false\">\n <name>Pykler</name>\n <filename>/home/pykler/.backgrounds/realtime/background.xml</filename>\n <options>zoom</options>\n </wallpaper>\n </wallpapers>\nEOF\n</code></pre>\n\nReplace the name \"Pykler\" and the path \"/home/pykler/.backgrounds/realtime/background.xml\" as needed.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-10-16T02:53:16.360", "id": "67279", "lastActivityDate": "2011-10-22T15:28:22.823", "lastEditDate": "2011-10-22T15:28:22.823", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "27775", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "27775", "parentId": "134", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "9" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "For Gnome 3, you can use the Wallpaper Slideshow App. \n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/bXxDY.png\" alt=\"Wallpaper Slideshow App screenshot\">\n\nAccording to its developer, it has the following features:\n\n<ul>\n<li>Lets you choose the folder via a browser.</li>\n<li>Lets you set the timeout in seconds.</li>\n<li>Lets you chose depth of subdirectory.</li>\n<li>You can enable or disable it with a single click.</li>\n<li>Full-feature tooltips</li>\n</ul>\n\nTo download:\n\n<pre><code>git clone git://gitorious.org/gnome-3-wp/gnome-3-wp.git\n</code></pre>\n\nThen run <code>wp-show</code> in the gnome-3-wp folder in your home folder.\n\nFor more information, see <a href=\"http://dsathe.blogspot.com/2011/06/auto-background-changer-for-gnome-3-gui.html\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">here</a> and <a href=\"http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2011/06/wallpaper-slideshow-app-for-gnome-3/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">here</a>.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-10-23T12:52:38.670", "id": "80547", "postId": "67281", "score": "0", "text": "Won't work on newlly installed Oneiric Ubuntu 11.10. Had to fix the #!/usr/bin/env python2 to #!/usr/bin/env python but still it gives a bunch of errors.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "30014" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-10-16T03:06:35.150", "id": "67281", "lastActivityDate": "2011-10-16T07:39:55.497", "lastEditDate": "2011-10-16T07:39:55.497", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "15726", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "15726", "parentId": "134", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<h2>Wallch</h2>\n\nIn software center there are two wallpaper changer - wallch for Gnome-Shell/Unity/Gnome-Classic and Wally for KUbuntu. \n\nLets concentrate on Wallch. \n\nSadly the version of Wallch in the software centre is outdated and has many issues especially with 14.04! There's a repository with the recent version.\n\nTo install, add the repository (you don't need to do this on 16.04):\n\n<pre><code>sudo add-apt-repository ppa:wallch/wallch-daily\n</code></pre>\n\nThen install Wallch:\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install wallch\n</code></pre>\n\nThen start from Dash:\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/Xcbev.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\">\n\nLets now launch the application preferences:\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/E50Fb.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\">\n\nLet's untick the bubble notification - its annoying - at the same time you could disable sounds!\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/8nyKy.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\">\n\nAt the same time you can define the start-up options:\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/umSbo.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\">\n\nSave - and add a folder of pictures - in this example, use <code>/usr/share/backgrounds</code> for the default wallpapers that come with Ubuntu\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/BxU5h.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\">\n\nNow we've got two choices:\n\nStart up choice 1\n\n(thanks @Naruto)\n\nkeep wallch in in the launcher\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/1SNf5.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\">\n\nexit wallch and start changing wallpapers\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/oUHli.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\">\n\nStart up choice 2\n\nstart wallch on login without needing to have a launcher\n\nFrom the dash:\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/2ndjD.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\">\n\nThen create a new startup application with the command <code>wallch --constant</code>\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/PFFsk.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\">\n\nN.B. - for some computers this will not work. The solution is to introduce a delay to the startup of the wallch daemon as per the following Q&A:\n\n<a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/117721/wallch-not-auto-cycling-backgrounds-on-log-in\">Wallch not auto-cycling backgrounds on log in</a>\n", "commentCount": "5", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2014-08-01T08:12:46.743", "id": "680873", "postId": "67294", "score": "0", "text": "Wallch is defective on Lubuntu 14.04. The change interval keeps defaulting to 10 minutes or thereabouts after a reboot.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "25031" }, { "creationDate": "2014-08-07T13:04:59.443", "id": "685803", "postId": "67294", "score": "1", "text": "fire a bug report on launchpad - the maintainer is an active user here as well and will hopefully respond quickly to any issues reported.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "14356" }, { "creationDate": "2015-10-17T20:29:08.303", "id": "1000774", "postId": "67294", "score": "0", "text": "The version on the software centre is just outdated! Here's where to install the recent version:\n\n`sudo add-apt-repository ppa:wallch/wallch-daily`\n\n`sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install wallch`\n\nThe software centre version didn't work for me but the up to date one works flawlessly! I'm 14.04 64 bits", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "174392" }, { "creationDate": "2016-03-18T11:42:06.903", "id": "1113396", "postId": "67294", "score": "0", "text": "A daily build looks risky. Is there not another ppa for wallch?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "20358" }, { "creationDate": "2017-01-04T04:26:53.947", "id": "1343183", "postId": "67294", "score": "0", "text": "@fossfreedom♦ does this works on ubuntu 16.04", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "433168" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-10-16T03:45:54.333", "id": "67294", "lastActivityDate": "2017-09-19T11:48:30.697", "lastEditDate": "2017-09-19T11:48:30.697", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "158442", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "14356", "parentId": "134", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "88" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "If you use it to manage your photos and like it easy I recommend to use <code>Shotwell</code>, which should be installed by default.\n\nOpen it:\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/SbkM6.png\" alt=\"open shotwell\">\n\nSelect the photos you want to be set as background slideshow:\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/cqwPF.png\" alt=\"select images\">\n\nOpen <code>File</code> → <code>Set as Desktop Slideshow</code> or press <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>B</kbd>:\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/kTrHw.png\" alt=\"set as slideshow\">\n\nAdjust time settings:\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/5myFp.png\" alt=\"set time\">\n\nDone.\n", "commentCount": "15", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2014-06-06T06:00:59.970", "id": "635436", "postId": "120965", "score": "10", "text": "Thanks a bunch! I like this solution over Wallch.. as you don't have to install any extra apps to achieve the same purpose", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "16075" }, { "creationDate": "2014-06-27T15:16:49.560", "id": "653260", "postId": "120965", "score": "4", "text": "do i need to create a startup application for the same or will it work everytime?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "150320" }, { "creationDate": "2015-01-28T00:45:13.387", "id": "799270", "postId": "120965", "score": "5", "text": "Old thread, but comes up highest in search.\nThis is BY FAR the easiest method. Still works perfectly and, to @Arun Kumar's question, loads automatically with no further work.\nNote: When trying to import images from a symlink, I had to change the import location in Settings by picking the folder, otherwise it would not allow selection of the images.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "165265" }, { "creationDate": "2015-09-23T14:49:30.080", "id": "982337", "postId": "120965", "score": "1", "text": "Is the solution displaying Images randomly or sequentially? The images are zoomed or filled or spanned or something? Do they fit the desktop perfectly?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "401562" }, { "creationDate": "2016-02-23T02:03:24.230", "id": "1096597", "postId": "120965", "score": "0", "text": "is there a way to set the photos to be centred, scaled, zoomed, stretched etc with this feature? I dont see anything in preferences.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "257376" }, { "creationDate": "2016-07-08T18:33:23.393", "id": "1199990", "postId": "120965", "score": "0", "text": "Once I have set the desktop background slideshow from Shotwell, how do I disable it?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "539567" }, { "creationDate": "2017-10-18T16:38:50.167", "id": "1546672", "postId": "120965", "score": "0", "text": "Creating wallpaper slideshows is a feature that was added in Shotwell 0.8.0, released 2010-12-23.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "205882" }, { "creationDate": "2018-01-01T19:53:48.273", "id": "1598563", "postId": "120965", "score": "1", "text": "@Kalamalka Kid If you want your images scaled to your screen with e.g. a black background, follow the above post then go to Ubuntu System Settings > Appearance > Look > Background. Choose 'Scale' in the dropdown box and black as the color. This works in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "259970" }, { "creationDate": "2019-01-01T20:05:51.160", "id": "1824458", "postId": "120965", "score": "1", "text": "The problem I see with `Shotwell` is that it has a limited number of images to use (roughly 2000), and before processing them, shotwell copies the images (for better performance, I assume), duplicating thus their sizes on the disk.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "393882" }, { "creationDate": "2019-03-19T14:08:11.450", "id": "1865307", "postId": "120965", "score": "0", "text": "one single issue, you need to select the photos themselves by multi select, selecting a folder or an album in the tree does not help, besides that GREAT UP!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "714729" }, { "creationDate": "2019-07-27T05:01:24.687", "id": "1934779", "postId": "120965", "score": "0", "text": "This should be the accepted answer.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "355556" }, { "creationDate": "2020-01-07T11:03:35.543", "id": "2014238", "postId": "120965", "score": "0", "text": "On 18.04 it just gives me a colored (no image) background despite selecting about 20 images to rotate.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "551485" }, { "creationDate": "2021-04-09T18:23:45.103", "id": "2268131", "postId": "120965", "score": "0", "text": "They seem to have taken it out because Shotwell 0.28.4 does not have the feature you are talking about.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "846446" }, { "creationDate": "2021-07-28T01:19:49.197", "id": "2317071", "postId": "120965", "score": "0", "text": "This solution works on 18.04 in Jul/2021. Nice answer, thank you Jakob", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "577493" }, { "creationDate": "2024-01-09T14:13:20.913", "id": "2627168", "postId": "120965", "score": "0", "text": "Shotwell works best ( in my opinion ) without having to create your own xml files for a slide show. If you want them spanned for dual screen you can use gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-options spanned", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "96104" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-04-11T08:55:31.227", "id": "120965", "lastActivityDate": "2012-04-11T08:55:31.227", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "46531", "parentId": "134", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "297" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Yes, you can.\n\nLocate an already made animated wallpaper and modify it.\n\nFor example, there should be one in <code>/usr/share/backgrounds/contest</code> (at least on Precise Pangolin).\n\nThe file is called <code>precise.xml</code> in my case and it is an XML file. All you need to know to modify it is that any tag like <code><background></code> contains other tags and texts and must be closed with <code></background></code>.\n\nTry to find out what these tags mean (see below), change the name of these pictures and save as... somewhere. Call it whatever_you_want.xml.\n\nThen change your background: choose a new wallpaper by browsing your computer and, instead of choosing a .jpg, choose your .xml.\n\nSome tags:\n\n<code><background></code> contains everything. Your file must begin with it and end with <code></background></code>. It's called the root tag. \n<code><starttime></code> defines when the diaporama starts. A precise date must be given, any date. \n<code><static></code> contains the definition of a still image. \n<code><transition></code> is used to fade from one image to the other. \n<code><duration></code> gives in seconds the time during witch the picture is displayed or the fading time. \n<code><file></code> contains a single image to show as still. \n<code><from></code> and <code><to></code> contain single images which are respectively the one at the beginning and at the end of a fading. \n\nSome additional hints:\n\nBy adding the number of seconds of all the <code><duration></code> tags in the file, you'll know how much time it takes to perform a complete loop of the diaporama.\n\nThe nicest configuration is this one (simplified, without durations): \n\n<pre class=\"lang-xml prettyprint-override\"><code><static>\n <file>image1</file>\n</static>\n<transition>\n <from>image1</from>\n <to>image2</to>\n</transition>\n<static>\n <file>image2</file>\n</static>\n<transition>\n <from>image2</from>\n <to>image3</to>\n</transition>\n...\n</code></pre>\n\nDon't forget to end your diaporama with a transition to your first picture, or else it will abruptly change from one static to another.\n\nI tried to do an animated background, once. Images displayed less than 1 second each. You can try it for fun, but frankly, you'll want to throw your mouse to the monitor before the end of the day.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2012-05-03T19:40:05.480", "id": "130980", "lastActivityDate": "2019-09-18T07:18:26.493", "lastEditDate": "2019-09-18T07:18:26.493", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "250300", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "25784", "parentId": "134", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "After seeing this request, I was curious about a solution and found something to be able to get your wallpaper image to be a part of the default wallpaper selection when going into <code>System Settings >> Appearances</code>. Follow the steps below in a terminal:\n\n<ol>\n<li><code>cd /usr/share/gnome-background-properties</code> \n\n<ul>\n<li>This will take you to the specific path mentioned</li>\n</ul></li>\n<li><code>sudo cp ./ubuntu-wallpapers.xml ~</code>\n\n<ul>\n<li>This will copy the file ubuntu-wallpapers.xml into your home\ndirectory</li>\n</ul></li>\n<li><code>sudo vim ./ubuntu-wallpapers.xml</code>\n\n<ul>\n<li>The command <code>vim</code> is a terminal editor but you can change it to <code>gedit</code> if you wish</li>\n</ul></li>\n</ol>\n\nOnce you are in that file, you will see tags called <code><wallpaper></code> and <code></wallpaper></code> that is around the other tags like <code><name></code> and <code><options></code>. You will need to copy that and paste it right below that entry. Once done, you should edit that extra entry you added to match what you want. An example can be found below:\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/naXK6.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\">\n\nIn this example, I made changes to the <code><name></code>, <code><filename></code>, <code><pcolor></code>, and <code><scolor></code> information to match what I needed for the wallpaper I wanted. Now I see the wallpaper as a default selection in the wallpaper section of the <code>System Settings -> Appearance</code> GUI:\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/remuH.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\">\n\nIf anything doesn't work, use the following command to import back the save file we made from above:\n\n<code>sudo cp ~/ubuntu-wallpapers.xml /usr/share/gnome-background-properties/</code>\n\nHope this helps.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-05-10T20:26:11.897", "id": "135171", "lastActivityDate": "2012-05-10T20:26:11.897", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "19097", "parentId": "134", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I wanted the changing wallpaper and custom wallpaper pictures to appear under the default options for selecting a wallpaper in Ubuntu 12.04,so I did the following\n\nUsing Terminal navigate to:\n\n<pre><code>/usr/share/gnome-background-properties\n</code></pre>\n\ntyping <code>ls</code> will list all files in that folder you should see a file called precise-wallpapers.xml, back it up in case something goes wrong\n\n<pre><code>sudo cp ./precise-wallpapers.xml ~\n</code></pre>\n\nthen edit it to add wallpapers that you want to appear in your default wallpaper options\n\n<pre><code>sudo gedit precise-wallpapers.xml\n</code></pre>\n\nthis is how I added a polarbears wallpaper, previously I copied the precise.xml located in the contest folder and edited it with pictures that I wanted to display:\n\n<pre><code><?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\n<!DOCTYPE wallpapers SYSTEM \"gnome-wp-list.dtd\">\n<wallpapers>\n <wallpaper deleted=\"false\">\n <name>Ubuntu 12.04 Community Wallpapers</name>\n <filename>/usr/share/backgrounds/contest/precise.xml</filename>\n <options>zoom</options>\n </wallpaper>\n <wallpaper>\n <name>polarbears</name>\n <filename>/usr/share/backgrounds/polarbears/polarbears.xml</filename>\n <options>zoom</options>\n </wallpaper>\n <wallpaper>\n <name>Delicate Petals</name>\n <filename>/usr/share/backgrounds/Delicate_Petals_by_lefthandgergo.jpg</filename>\n <options>zoom</options>\n <pcolor>#000000</pcolor>\n <scolor>#000000</scolor>\n <shade_type>solid</shade_type>\n </wallpaper>\n <wallpaper>\n</code></pre>\n\nyou can add regular jpg or png files, I recommend copying them to the /usr/share/backgrounds then adding them to this xml file. \nI hope this helps.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-05-19T15:07:06.233", "id": "139383", "lastActivityDate": "2012-05-19T15:07:06.233", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "64666", "parentId": "134", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Ok here is how I did it, which is probably not the best way to do it but it worked and I didn't have to install anything to do it. Back in 11.10 I found the below python script (<code>slideshow.py</code>) which generates a <code>slideshow.xml</code> file (run from directory with the images in it). This is still the file needed in 12.04 but you also need another XML file. Put the XML file generated by <code>slideshow.py</code> script in <code>/usr/share/backgrounds/contest</code> and <code>chown</code> it to <code>root</code>. Once that is done you'll need to run the second python script (<code>wallpapers.py</code>) which was adapted from the first. Put the file generated from <code>wallpapers.py</code> in <code>/usr/share/gnome-background-properties</code> and again <code>chown</code> it to root. At that point you should be able to go into \"System Settings\" -> Appearance and pick your slideshow or any of the pics in it.\n\nslideshow.py:\n\n<pre><code>#!/usr/bin/env python\n#coding=utf-8\n# slideshow.py\nimport glob, os\nimport shutil\nimport time\nimport Image\n\nfilelist=[]\ndef filelie(path):\n if os.path.isfile(path):\n wenjian=os.path.splitext(path)[1][1:]\n if wenjian==\"jpg\" or wenjian==\"png\" or wenjian==\"gif\":\n try:\n kuan,gao = Image.open(path).size\n if kuan>=1024 and gao>=768:\n filelist.append(path)\n except IOError:\n pass\n elif os.path.isdir(path):\n for item in os.listdir(path):\n itemsrc = os.path.join(path, item)\n filelie(itemsrc)\n\ncurdir = os.getcwd()\nfilelie(curdir)\ncurrentImageFiles = filelist\n#print filelist\nif os.path.isfile('slideshow.xml'):\n os.remove('slideshow.xml')\n\n\ncurrentTime = time.localtime()\nlength = len(currentImageFiles)\n\nf = file('slideshow.xml', 'w')\n\nf.write('<background>\\n')\nf.write('\\t<starttime>\\n')\nf.write('\\t\\t<year>' + str(currentTime.tm_year) + '</year>\\n')\nf.write('\\t\\t<month>' + str(currentTime.tm_mon) + '</month>\\n')\nf.write('\\t\\t<day>' + str(currentTime.tm_mday) + '</day>\\n')\nf.write('\\t\\t<hour>' + str(currentTime.tm_hour) + '</hour>\\n')\nf.write('\\t\\t<minute>' + str(currentTime.tm_min) + '</minute>\\n')\nf.write('\\t\\t<second>' + str(currentTime.tm_sec) + '</second>\\n')\nf.write('\\t</starttime>\\n')\nf.write('\\n')\n\nfor i in currentImageFiles:\n length = length - 1\n f.write('\\t<static>\\n')\n f.write('\\t\\t<duration>96.0</duration>\\n')\n f.write('\\t\\t<file>' + currentImageFiles[length] +'</file>\\n')\n f.write('\\t</static>\\n')\n f.write('\\t<transition>\\n')\n f.write('\\t\\t<duration>3.0</duration>\\n')\n f.write('\\t\\t<from>' + currentImageFiles[length] + '</from>\\n')\n if length >= 1:\n f.write('\\t\\t<to>' + currentImageFiles[length-1] + '</to>\\n')\n if length <1:\n f.write('\\t\\t<to>' + currentImageFiles[len(currentImageFiles)-1] + '</to>\\n')\n f.write('\\t</transition>\\n')\n\nf.write('</background>\\n')\nf.close()\n</code></pre>\n\nwallpapers.py:\n\n<pre><code>#!/usr/bin/env python\n#coding=utf-8\nimport glob, os\nimport shutil\nimport time\nimport Image\n\nfilelist=[]\ndef filelie(path):\n if os.path.isfile(path):\n wenjian=os.path.splitext(path)[1][1:]\n if wenjian==\"jpg\" or wenjian==\"png\" or wenjian==\"gif\":\n try:\n kuan,gao = Image.open(path).size\n if kuan>=1024 and gao>=768:\n filelist.append(path)\n except IOError:\n pass\n elif os.path.isdir(path):\n for item in os.listdir(path):\n itemsrc = os.path.join(path, item)\n filelie(itemsrc)\n\ncurdir = os.getcwd()\nfilelie(curdir)\ncurrentImageFiles = filelist\n#print filelist\nif os.path.isfile('mywallpapers.xml'):\n os.remove('mywallpapers.xml')\n\n\ncurrentTime = time.localtime()\nlength = len(currentImageFiles)\n\nf = file('mywallpapers.xml', 'w')\n\nf.write('<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\\n')\nf.write('<!DOCTYPE wallpapers SYSTEM \"gnome-wp-list.dtd\">\\n')\nf.write('<wallpapers>\\n')\nf.write('\\t<wallpaper deleted=\"false\">\\n')\nf.write('\\t\\t<name>My custom Wallpapers</name>\\n')\nf.write('\\t\\t<filename>/usr/share/backgrounds/contest/slideshow.xml</filename>\\n')\nf.write('\\t\\t<options>zoom</options>\\n')\nf.write('\\t</wallpaper>\\n')\n\nfor i in currentImageFiles:\n length = length - 1\n f.write('\\t<wallpaper>\\n')\n f.write('\\t\\t<name>' + os.path.basename(currentImageFiles[length]) +'</name>\\n')\n f.write('\\t\\t<filename>' + currentImageFiles[length] +'</filename>\\n')\n f.write('\\t\\t<options>zoom</options>\\n')\n f.write('\\t\\t<pcolor>#000000</pcolor>\\n')\n f.write('\\t\\t<scolor>#000000</scolor>\\n')\n f.write('\\t\\t<shade_type>solid</shade_type>\\n')\n f.write('\\t</wallpaper>\\n')\n\nf.write('</wallpapers>\\n')\nf.close()\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-07-20T18:05:11.770", "id": "166051", "lastActivityDate": "2012-07-20T18:05:11.770", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "31874", "parentId": "134", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "try slidewall as well, it has clock displayed..\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2012-08-17T19:52:02.490", "id": "219316", "postId": "177114", "score": "3", "text": "Maybe you can edit your question to help the OP understand how Slidewall can answer their question as well as how to get it :-)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "53498" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-08-17T16:52:49.337", "id": "177114", "lastActivityDate": "2012-08-17T16:52:49.337", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "45707", "parentId": "134", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "-3" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Go to System Settings > Appearance then mark the photo with clock on it at the right side.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2015-03-17T23:08:50.267", "id": "833285", "postId": "297738", "score": "2", "text": "The original poster doesn't want to manually change the image every ten minutes... they want to be able to set it up to run automatically from a directory of images that they choose.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "155644" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2013-05-20T10:35:55.403", "id": "297738", "lastActivityDate": "2013-05-20T10:56:18.663", "lastEditDate": "2013-05-20T10:56:18.663", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "147044", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "146195", "parentId": "134", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "-3" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Change it from appearance, under system settings as seen below\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/gXDry.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\">\n\nOr you can do so, by installing Desktop Nova. To install, just press <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>Alt</kbd>+<kbd>T</kbd> on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install desktopnova desktopnova-tray desktopnova-module-gnome\n</code></pre>\n\nOnce installed, search for it in Dash, and click on it, and when the program open, add your images, and setup the time interval.\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/NbXMl.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\">\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/UfUQH.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\">\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/YXU4W.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\">\n\nCommand complements of <a href=\"http://www.howtoforge.com/desktopnova-automatically-change-wallpapers-on-ubuntu-11.04-with-classic-gnome\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">Desktopnova</a>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2013-05-20T11:07:07.057", "id": "374333", "postId": "297745", "score": "0", "text": "quite detailed explanation @Mitch", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "68760" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2013-05-20T10:53:30.460", "id": "297745", "lastActivityDate": "2013-05-20T10:53:30.460", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "59676", "parentId": "134", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<h1><a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/D3yty.png\" rel=\"noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/D3yty.png\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" alt=\"IMG: \" title=\"Skype-logo\"></a> &ensp; Variety</h1>\n\nHomepage: <a href=\"http://peterlevi.com/variety\" rel=\"noreferrer\">http://peterlevi.com/variety</a> \nGithub: <a href=\"https://github.com/varietywalls/variety\" rel=\"noreferrer\">https://github.com/varietywalls/variety</a>\n\n<blockquote>\n Variety is a wallpaper manager for Linux systems. It supports numerous\n desktops and wallpaper sources, including local files and online\n services: Flickr, Wallhaven, Unsplash, and more.\n \n Where supported, Variety sits as a tray icon to allow easy pausing and\n resuming. Otherwise, its desktop entry menu provides a similar set of\n options.\n \n Variety also includes a range of image effects, such as oil painting\n and blur, as well as options to layer quotes and a clock onto the\n background.\n</blockquote>\n\n<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/Z9GXd.png\" rel=\"noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/Z9GXd.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\"></a>\n\n<h2>Install</h2>\n\nIt's available in the Universe repo. To install it, run \n\n<pre><code>sudo apt install variety\n</code></pre>\n\n<hr>\n\nAlso you can install it from <a href=\"https://launchpad.net/~peterlevi/+archive/ubuntu/ppa\" rel=\"noreferrer\">Peter Levi's PPA</a> by running \n\n<pre><code>sudo add-apt-repository ppa:peterlevi/ppa\nsudo apt-get update\nsudo apt-get install variety\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2013-08-03T15:44:18.867", "id": "417594", "postId": "313667", "score": "0", "text": "Wow, amazing software. Very nice features, including nice display of clock and proverbs.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "17593" }, { "creationDate": "2013-08-24T01:17:26.683", "id": "428827", "postId": "313667", "score": "3", "text": "Thanks for that, much better than wallch, it let's you download images from multiple sources.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "186763" }, { "creationDate": "2019-09-17T13:42:39.977", "id": "1960830", "postId": "313667", "score": "0", "text": "I tested them all and this was the best, more possibilities and features", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "858706" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2013-06-28T04:04:43.347", "id": "313667", "lastActivityDate": "2018-10-20T16:21:47.963", "lastEditDate": "2018-10-20T16:21:47.963", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "790920", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "65220", "parentId": "134", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "54" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<a href=\"http://feh.finalrewind.org/\" rel=\"nofollow\">feh, an imlib2 based image viewer</a> is a very flexible, efficient and and powerful X11 image viewer aimed mostly at console users. \"Unlike most other viewers, it does not have a fancy GUI, but simply displays images. It is controlled via commandline arguments and configurable key/mouse actions.\"\n\nI'm doing randomized slideshows of a set of many thousands of images with it, in a deep directory structure. When running in window mode, rather than desktop background, I can add comments to them easily when I see one I like, and go into sequential mode to look for similar ones.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2014-07-06T01:15:59.617", "id": "492168", "lastActivityDate": "2014-07-06T01:15:59.617", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "6130", "parentId": "134", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "-1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<h2><a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/uDSA5.png\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/QMESK.png\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" alt=\"IMG: \" title=\"Skype-logo\"></a> &ensp; Desk Changer for GNOME shell</h2>\n\nby egach\n\nIn case you use gnome-shell (version > 3.8, default in Ubuntu 17.10 and later), use this nice extension. \n\n<blockquote>\n Simple wallpaper changer with multiple profile support. Supports\n integration into the system menu or its own panel icon. The daemon is\n written in Python and runs independently of the extension.\n</blockquote>\n\nExtension Homepage: <a href=\"https://github.com/BigE/desk-changer/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">https://github.com/BigE/desk-changer/</a>\n\n<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/uDSA5.png\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/uDSA5.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\"></a>\n\n<h2>Install</h2>\n\nFirst you have to install gnome-tweaks\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt install gnome-tweaks\n</code></pre>\n\nVisit the <a href=\"https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/1131/desk-changer/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">gnome-extension</a> homepage and switch the slide on. Afterwards you can configure the extension to change the background's change time and the backgrounds itselfs. To do so open gnome-tweaks, go to the Extension tab and click on the Configure icon of the desk-changer.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2018-10-20T11:09:17.713", "id": "1085511", "lastActivityDate": "2018-10-20T16:22:49.980", "lastEditDate": "2018-10-20T16:22:49.980", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "790920", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "790920", "parentId": "134", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<h2><a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/8oI2C.png\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/8oI2C.png\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" alt=\"IMG: \" title=\"logo\"></a> &ensp; Random Wallpaper for GNOME shell</h2>\n\nby iFlow\n\n<blockquote>\n In case you use gnome-shell (version > 3.12, default in Ubuntu 17.10\n and later), use this nice extension. This extension fetches a random\n wallpaper from an online source and sets it as desktop background. \n The desktop background can be updated periodically or manually.\n \n Online sources:\n - unsplash.com\n - desktopper.co\n - wallheaven.cc\n - reddit.com\n - basic JSON APIs or Files (See the GitHub wiki for more information) (Chromecast, Bing, NASA, Google Earth View, etc.)\n</blockquote>\n\nExtension Homepage: <a href=\"https://github.com/ifl0w/RandomWallpaperGnome3\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">https://github.com/ifl0w/RandomWallpaperGnome3</a>\n\n<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/9ZeYH.png\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/9ZeYH.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\"></a>\n\n<h2>Install</h2>\n\nFirst you have to install gnome-tweaks\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt install gnome-tweaks\n</code></pre>\n\nVisit the <a href=\"https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/1040/random-wallpaper/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">gnome-extension</a> homepage and switch the slide on. Afterwards you can configure the extension. To do so open gnome-tweaks, go to the Extension tab and click on the Configure icon of the random-wallpaper.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2018-11-10T14:39:16.730", "id": "1091703", "lastActivityDate": "2018-11-10T14:39:16.730", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "790920", "parentId": "134", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" } ]

null

142

1

144

2010-07-28T21:12:20.670

58

41539

Does anyone know of a simple Image Editor, with functionality comparable to <a href="http://www.getpaint.net/screenshots.html">Paint.NET</a>, for Ubuntu? I've always found GIMP to be overkill and too complicated for what I want to do.

88

107450

2014-05-03T13:05:18.057

2022-11-26T22:34:56.027

Is there a Paint.NET alternative?

[ "software-recommendation", "image-editor" ]

7

4

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2014-05-03T13:10:34.417", "id": "605599", "postId": "142", "score": "2", "text": "There are several image editing packages in the software centre. Select \"Graphics\" then \"Painting & Editing\" for a list. You may like Pinta - Quite basic but there are plenty of others", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "107450" }, { "creationDate": "2014-07-01T03:32:16.637", "id": "655309", "postId": "142", "score": "0", "text": "@WarrenHill I had already did that, years ago. That might give me a list, that doesn't mean those programs are any good. Besides, not all programs are in the Software Center.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "88" }, { "creationDate": "2017-03-12T05:26:46.647", "id": "1395729", "postId": "142", "score": "0", "text": "You can make GIMP look a lot better by going to Windows -> Single Window Mode.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "329227" }, { "creationDate": "2018-04-27T17:56:37.600", "id": "1672915", "postId": "142", "score": "3", "text": "I don't think this question is actually too broad. There aren't that many raster graphics editors for Ubuntu that are simple, while nonetheless possessing the features people are accustomed to from programs like Paint.NET, much less ones that are *similar* to Paint.NET. I'm voting to reopen this.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "22949" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Yes, try <a href=\"http://apt.ubuntu.com/p/pinta\" rel=\"noreferrer\">Pinta</a><a href=\"http://apt.ubuntu.com/p/pinta\" rel=\"noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/GszVh.png\" alt=\"Install mypaint\"></a>\n\n<blockquote>\n Pinta is a drawing/editing program modeled after Paint.NET. It's goal is to provide a simplified alternative to GIMP for casual users. It is currently early in development.\n</blockquote>\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://pinta-project.com/\" rel=\"noreferrer\">Homepage</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://launchpad.net/~moonlight-team/+archive/pinta/+packages\" rel=\"noreferrer\">PPA</a> </li>\n</ul>\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/bBLKi.jpg\" alt=\"Pinta screenshot\">\n", "commentCount": "7", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:30:49.620", "id": "122", "postId": "144", "score": "1", "text": "The toolbars have almost the same button layout as the GIMP!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5" }, { "creationDate": "2010-10-03T04:18:09.513", "id": "5190", "postId": "144", "score": "3", "text": "As of maverick, it can be found in the official repository as well.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "570" }, { "creationDate": "2018-10-21T07:23:53.440", "id": "1785771", "postId": "144", "score": "7", "text": "it's useable but crashes very often.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "519758" }, { "creationDate": "2019-08-25T18:56:13.250", "id": "1949281", "postId": "144", "score": "5", "text": "For anyone reading this, do not use Pinta. Its usability is far behind Paint.NET and I have lost data multiple times because Pinta randomly crashes and makes the entire computer unresponsive, forcing a reboot.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "938003" }, { "creationDate": "2020-02-11T21:02:42.007", "id": "2031451", "postId": "144", "score": "4", "text": "Pinta crashes for me just about everytime I use it. Can't do simple things without crashing.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "70333" }, { "creationDate": "2020-08-03T16:48:20.263", "id": "2139387", "postId": "144", "score": "0", "text": "In my experience, Pinta can't handle higher resolution images, because it slows down extremely. Also, the latest version is from 2015, which indicates the development has stopped.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "233271" }, { "creationDate": "2022-12-08T20:42:52.863", "id": "2521161", "postId": "144", "score": "1", "text": "Pinta is being developed again. The apt repos have an old version. The Snap repos have the latest. I haven't tried it on 22.10, so I don't know if it still has issues.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "88" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:13:49.500", "id": "144", "lastActivityDate": "2019-10-20T17:35:47.297", "lastEditDate": "2019-10-20T17:35:47.297", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "816190", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "56", "parentId": "142", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "66" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "Yes, try <a href=\"http://apt.ubuntu.com/p/pinta\" rel=\"noreferrer\">Pinta</a><a href=\"http://apt.ubuntu.com/p/pinta\" rel=\"noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/GszVh.png\" alt=\"Install mypaint\"></a>\n\n<blockquote>\n Pinta is a drawing/editing program modeled after Paint.NET. It's goal is to provide a simplified alternative to GIMP for casual users. It is currently early in development.\n</blockquote>\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://pinta-project.com/\" rel=\"noreferrer\">Homepage</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://launchpad.net/~moonlight-team/+archive/pinta/+packages\" rel=\"noreferrer\">PPA</a> </li>\n</ul>\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/bBLKi.jpg\" alt=\"Pinta screenshot\">\n", "commentCount": "7", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:30:49.620", "id": "122", "postId": "144", "score": "1", "text": "The toolbars have almost the same button layout as the GIMP!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5" }, { "creationDate": "2010-10-03T04:18:09.513", "id": "5190", "postId": "144", "score": "3", "text": "As of maverick, it can be found in the official repository as well.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "570" }, { "creationDate": "2018-10-21T07:23:53.440", "id": "1785771", "postId": "144", "score": "7", "text": "it's useable but crashes very often.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "519758" }, { "creationDate": "2019-08-25T18:56:13.250", "id": "1949281", "postId": "144", "score": "5", "text": "For anyone reading this, do not use Pinta. Its usability is far behind Paint.NET and I have lost data multiple times because Pinta randomly crashes and makes the entire computer unresponsive, forcing a reboot.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "938003" }, { "creationDate": "2020-02-11T21:02:42.007", "id": "2031451", "postId": "144", "score": "4", "text": "Pinta crashes for me just about everytime I use it. Can't do simple things without crashing.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "70333" }, { "creationDate": "2020-08-03T16:48:20.263", "id": "2139387", "postId": "144", "score": "0", "text": "In my experience, Pinta can't handle higher resolution images, because it slows down extremely. Also, the latest version is from 2015, which indicates the development has stopped.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "233271" }, { "creationDate": "2022-12-08T20:42:52.863", "id": "2521161", "postId": "144", "score": "1", "text": "Pinta is being developed again. The apt repos have an old version. The Snap repos have the latest. I haven't tried it on 22.10, so I don't know if it still has issues.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "88" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:13:49.500", "id": "144", "lastActivityDate": "2019-10-20T17:35:47.297", "lastEditDate": "2019-10-20T17:35:47.297", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "816190", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "56", "parentId": "142", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "66" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "You might also want to check out Krita or for plain photo editing digikam with its plugins.\n\nBoth are packaged in Ubuntu. Also for kids related drawing tuxpaint is great.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:18:28.943", "id": "147", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T21:18:28.943", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "103", "parentId": "142", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "There's Pinta as David points out, which clones the user interface and took the same open sourced code to implement image adjustements and effects. There are other lightweight alternatives that might fit the bill if you don't require features such as layers or filters: <a href=\"http://code.google.com/p/gnome-paint/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Gnome Paint</a> and KolourPaint for KDE. \n\nThe Gnome Paint site hosts a DEB file, so you can download that and double click to install. To install KolourPaint:\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install kolourpaint4\n</code></pre>\n\nOr search for it on the Software Center. Note that if you don't currently have any other KDE app, then installing KolourPaint will also install other KDE specific libraries that will take a considerable amout of disk space. That being said, I found KolourPaint more feature complete than Gnome Paint.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:22:51.067", "id": "148", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T21:22:51.067", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "45", "parentId": "142", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Are you looking for something like <a href=\"http://www.tuxpaint.org/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">TuxPaint</a>?\n\n<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/IrVTY.png\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/IrVTY.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\"></a>\n", "commentCount": "6", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:38:41.543", "id": "127", "postId": "149", "score": "69", "text": "That is one ugly GUI.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "119" }, { "creationDate": "2011-02-22T02:03:40.443", "id": "30360", "postId": "149", "score": "6", "text": "It answers the question so I +1'd it. Don't really think its fair for it to be in the negatives. I mean, its for 3-12 year olds so it has to be simple!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "11133" }, { "creationDate": "2011-02-23T05:29:58.373", "id": "30581", "postId": "149", "score": "1", "text": "haha. I love it.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "8750" }, { "creationDate": "2015-12-21T09:10:40.543", "id": "1048017", "postId": "149", "score": "0", "text": "Click in the picture to fill that area with color, that seems a little irregular...", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "391572" }, { "creationDate": "2018-04-28T07:36:17.523", "id": "1673236", "postId": "149", "score": "0", "text": "my 3-years-old niece loves the [android-version](https://f-droid.org/packages/org.tuxpaint/).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "354350" }, { "creationDate": "2023-04-12T21:22:32.540", "id": "2562426", "postId": "149", "score": "0", "text": "TuxPaint is irregular to the question. User asked for simple editor like Paint.NET and not complex like GIMP (in users opinion). This one is not in the range.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1688374" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:23:34.797", "id": "149", "lastActivityDate": "2017-03-12T04:37:25.637", "lastEditDate": "2017-03-12T04:37:25.637", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "44179", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5", "parentId": "142", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "8" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<a href=\"https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/mypaint\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">mypaint</a> <a href=\"http://apt.ubuntu.com/p/mypaint\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://hostmar.co/software-small\" alt=\"Install mypaint\"></a>\n is also great and simple. It is in the software center.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-02-23T18:51:40.470", "id": "30717", "postId": "27474", "score": "3", "text": "Yeah, I agree, my paint is great, but it is more for digital painting, instead of quick photo edits.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "88" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-02-22T02:45:25.603", "id": "27474", "lastActivityDate": "2015-12-21T08:40:03.090", "lastEditDate": "2017-03-11T18:59:56.407", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "8673", "parentId": "142", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Krita is a good alternative for paint.net, for it resembles paint.net most in term of look & feel (and functions). \n\nI worked with paint.net for years (on Win7), now changed to Ubuntu 18.04 and do work with Krita as I have been used to with paint.net\n\nDo NOT use Pinta. \nWhile the original recommendation for this tool might have been true at the time of writing, this does no longer apply. Development for Pinta stopped in 2015, see: [Pinta] (<a href=\"https://pinta-project.com/pintaproject/pinta/releases/1-6\" rel=\"noreferrer\">https://pinta-project.com/pintaproject/pinta/releases/1-6</a>) \n\nPinta is unstable at least for Ubuntu 18.04.\n", "commentCount": "4", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2020-01-28T13:49:54.440", "id": "2024319", "postId": "1206344", "score": "0", "text": "Krita is a good alternative. Copy that.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "94914" }, { "creationDate": "2020-09-21T19:42:39.883", "id": "2164849", "postId": "1206344", "score": "3", "text": "Development of Pinta is back, it seems. They've released a new version in August 2020.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "871240" }, { "creationDate": "2022-01-15T15:24:19.607", "id": "2395280", "postId": "1206344", "score": "0", "text": "Pinta is still being actively developed as of 2022, and it runs fine on Ubuntu 20.04", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "310623" }, { "creationDate": "2022-03-21T03:01:08.623", "id": "2423993", "postId": "1206344", "score": "1", "text": "@HammanSamuel You are correct in that Pinta is still under development. However, the official build under apt is only up to 1.6-2. For the latest version, 2.0.2, you gotta download either flatpak or snap package. But yes, 1.6-2 is glitchy on Ubuntu 20.04", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "16075" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2020-01-28T12:57:54.373", "id": "1206344", "lastActivityDate": "2020-01-28T12:57:54.373", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "1038600", "parentId": "142", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "13" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "uh. now there are many, here is my list:\n<ul>\n<li>pinta</li>\n<li>inkscape</li>\n<li>paintsupreme3d</li>\n<li>kolourpaint</li>\n<li>krita</li>\n<li>pixelorama</li>\n<li>paintPP</li>\n<li>rx</li>\n<li>vectr</li>\n</ul>\nand if you want paint for 3d objects here is another list:\n<ul>\n<li>goxel</li>\n<li>blender</li>\n<li>openscad</li>\n<li>titania x3d</li>\n</ul>\nPS: you can also use libre/open office draw to create graphics ;)\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2021-05-10T20:49:59.400", "id": "2283156", "postId": "1337416", "score": "1", "text": "Only image editors that are designed for raster images are relevant to this question. So vector or 3d editors aren't appropriate. \n\nFor the applications that are raster editors, it would help if you explain their features, in other words, make the case for why they should be considered.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "88" }, { "creationDate": "2021-05-11T03:26:44.377", "id": "2283288", "postId": "1337416", "score": "0", "text": "Ah, okay i read that too fast :’D", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1135666" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2021-05-10T20:11:42.540", "id": "1337416", "lastActivityDate": "2021-05-10T20:11:42.540", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "1135666", "parentId": "142", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "-2" } ]

null

152

1

700893

2010-07-28T21:28:14.427

35

25251

I know some other text editors like Notepad++ enable split pane to edit to files side by side. Is there any way I can add this functionality to Gedit?

88

null

2022-04-28T21:09:44.177

Is there Split Pane support in Gedit?

[ "editor", "gedit", "text" ]

4

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "In gedit, choose Documents > New Tab group or <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>Alt</kbd> + <kbd>N</kbd> your gedit will split vertically. And you can drag tabs.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2015-12-11T12:50:01.053", "id": "1041620", "postId": "700893", "score": "7", "text": "But it still doesn't let you to have two views of the same file... That's annoying... I wanted split pane to avoid scrolling up and down to check declarations.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "12702" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2015-11-21T19:44:58.970", "id": "700893", "lastActivityDate": "2019-03-20T07:26:38.407", "lastEditDate": "2019-03-20T07:26:38.407", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "480481", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "454850", "parentId": "152", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "32" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "<blockquote>\nUpdate: Gedit has now added this feature. I'm keeping my answer around for those using older versions of the application.\n</blockquote>\nGedit does not come with this feature.\nBut there is a plugin you can get: \n<a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20101124071338/http://live.gnome.org/Gedit/Plugins#line-514\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">Splitview plugin (Archived page from Gedit/Plugins - GNOME Live)</a> \n<a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20080821002306/http://webdav.tielie.com/gedit-plugins/splitview/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">Splitview plugin source code (Archived page)</a>\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:47:33.820", "id": "132", "postId": "155", "score": "0", "text": "It doesn't behave exactly like Notepad++, but it'll suffice for the time being.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "88" }, { "creationDate": "2018-08-23T16:27:47.247", "id": "1751223", "postId": "155", "score": "1", "text": "Care to share the name of the plugin? Your link is not valid anymore.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "307737" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:35:15.957", "id": "155", "lastActivityDate": "2022-04-28T21:09:04.940", "lastEditDate": "2022-04-28T21:09:04.940", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "1019083", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5", "parentId": "152", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "13" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Not yet, but it's in development <a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20110723174528/http://live.gnome.org/Gedit/Multiviews\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">see here (Gedit/Multiviews - GNOME Live!)</a>, someone's working on it (among other features) as a GSOC project as far as I know.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2019-05-24T01:13:22.373", "id": "1901977", "postId": "1489", "score": "0", "text": "Link is dead; I think this is the new version: https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Gedit/Multiviews", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "122045" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2010-08-06T20:29:27.197", "id": "1489", "lastActivityDate": "2022-04-28T21:09:44.177", "lastEditDate": "2022-04-28T21:09:44.177", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "1019083", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "44", "parentId": "152", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "In gedit, choose Documents > New Tab group or <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>Alt</kbd> + <kbd>N</kbd> your gedit will split vertically. And you can drag tabs.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2015-12-11T12:50:01.053", "id": "1041620", "postId": "700893", "score": "7", "text": "But it still doesn't let you to have two views of the same file... That's annoying... I wanted split pane to avoid scrolling up and down to check declarations.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "12702" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2015-11-21T19:44:58.970", "id": "700893", "lastActivityDate": "2019-03-20T07:26:38.407", "lastEditDate": "2019-03-20T07:26:38.407", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "480481", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "454850", "parentId": "152", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "32" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "The new developments don't seem to go anywhere, but at least in Ubuntu 16.04 there is a workaround using also tabs as requested by the OP and with a read-only side:\n\n<ol>\n<li>Open the file in a first window.</li>\n<li>Go to Documents->New Tab Group (or press <code>Ctrl+Alt+N</code>) as suggested by <a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/users/454850/thangdc94\">@thangdc94</a>. This will vertically split the window opening a new document as a tab on the right side.</li>\n<li>Open a second window and open again the same file: <code>gedit --new-window file</code>. It will tell you that the file is opened somewhere else and ask you if you want to edit the file anyway. My suggestion is to use \"Don't Edit\", otherwise you'll be overwriting your own changes from one window to the other. It's better to use one for writing an the other for reading/copying.</li>\n<li>The tricky points: Open a new tab in the second window, so now you can see tabs instead of only the document.</li>\n<li>The tricky points: Drag from the second window, the tab of your document and drop it as a tab in the right side of the original window.</li>\n<li>Now you can close the second window and remove the undesired tabs of the right side of the original window.</li>\n</ol>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2020-01-10T05:04:03.867", "id": "1201887", "lastActivityDate": "2020-01-10T05:04:03.867", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "646467", "parentId": "152", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" } ]

null

154

1

1586

2010-07-28T21:33:45.533

8

2352

In the spirit of <a href="https://askubuntu.com/questions/80/how-can-i-get-gmail-notification-in-my-indicator-applet-without-leaving-evolutio">this</a> question... Is there an indicator applet that tells me when I've received an email through any IMAP service? If so, where can I get it?

5

-1

2017-04-12T07:23:19.023

2014-12-16T01:56:55.973

Is there a Gnome applet for IMAP mail accounts?

[ "applet", "gnome", "mail", "imap" ]

2

0

CC BY-SA 3.0

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Use CloudSN (Cloud Services Notification). It supports gmail, google reader, pop3, imap, twitter, identi.ca\n\n<a href=\"http://chuchiperriman.github.com/cloud-services-notifications/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">http://chuchiperriman.github.com/cloud-services-notifications/</a> (PPA available)\n\nThe best part is that it supports multiple accounts and notify-osd.\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/bYqJn.png\" alt=\"alt text\">\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-07T14:39:40.133", "id": "1586", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-07T14:39:40.133", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "289", "parentId": "154", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "It is not a real gnome applet per se, but you can use <a href=\"http://packages.ubuntu.com/lucid/gnubiff\" rel=\"nofollow\">gnubiff</a>, it sits near the clock, in the notification/indicator applet:\n\n<blockquote>\n gnubiff checks for mail within a file,\n a qmail or MH style dir, or an IMAP4\n or POP3 or APOP server. It can\n display headers (number, sender,\n subject, and date) when new mail has\n arrived. While gnubiff is\n implemented as a GNOME panel applet,\n it also runs as an independent icon\n on the desktop in other environments.\n</blockquote>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T22:07:21.953", "id": "173", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T22:07:21.953", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "154", "parentId": "154", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "Use CloudSN (Cloud Services Notification). It supports gmail, google reader, pop3, imap, twitter, identi.ca\n\n<a href=\"http://chuchiperriman.github.com/cloud-services-notifications/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">http://chuchiperriman.github.com/cloud-services-notifications/</a> (PPA available)\n\nThe best part is that it supports multiple accounts and notify-osd.\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/bYqJn.png\" alt=\"alt text\">\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-07T14:39:40.133", "id": "1586", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-07T14:39:40.133", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "289", "parentId": "154", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" } ]

null

158

1

176

2010-07-28T21:38:22.633

2

323

I would like to be able to demo a UEC cloud at a presentation. Is there a simple guide regarding the hardware I need, and how I need to configure the UEC in order to create a nice presentation?

4

30357

2012-10-19T13:05:41.910

Is there a simple guide for how to set up a demo cloud?

[ "cloud", "uec", "presentation" ]

1

0

CC BY-SA 3.0

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "These are the minimum requirements (for a one-machine setup) for setting up an Ubuntu Enterprise Cloud:\n\n<ul>\n<li>Machine: at least 1 (though 2 or 3 is highly recommended, to separate controllers and nodes)</li>\n<li>CPU: +2Ghz (dual core recommended)</li>\n<li>Memory: +2Gb ram</li>\n<li>Disk Space: 100Gb</li>\n</ul>\n\nNote that with those minimum specs, this will still be SLOW.\n\nYou can find a quick tutorial located at: <a href=\"http://www.ubuntu.com/cloud/private/deploy\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://www.ubuntu.com/cloud/private/deploy</a>\n\nAs well, there is a complete community guide at <a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEC\" rel=\"nofollow\">https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEC</a>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T22:18:15.313", "id": "176", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T22:18:15.313", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "154", "parentId": "158", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "These are the minimum requirements (for a one-machine setup) for setting up an Ubuntu Enterprise Cloud:\n\n<ul>\n<li>Machine: at least 1 (though 2 or 3 is highly recommended, to separate controllers and nodes)</li>\n<li>CPU: +2Ghz (dual core recommended)</li>\n<li>Memory: +2Gb ram</li>\n<li>Disk Space: 100Gb</li>\n</ul>\n\nNote that with those minimum specs, this will still be SLOW.\n\nYou can find a quick tutorial located at: <a href=\"http://www.ubuntu.com/cloud/private/deploy\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://www.ubuntu.com/cloud/private/deploy</a>\n\nAs well, there is a complete community guide at <a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEC\" rel=\"nofollow\">https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEC</a>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T22:18:15.313", "id": "176", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T22:18:15.313", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "154", "parentId": "158", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" } ]

null

164

1

171

2010-07-28T21:49:10.060

312

107102

When you install certain updates (e.g. a new kernel) in Ubuntu Desktop, you get an indication that a reboot is required (in Lucid, the logout icon turns red). How can I check, from the command line, whether an Ubuntu server requires a reboot? I could grep for 'System restart required' in <code>/etc/motd</code>, but I'd like a solution that's more elegant. Also, I want a solution that works in older releases, e.g. Hardy (8.04 LTS).

136

367165

2015-12-14T14:08:24.963

2021-10-22T04:01:59.887

How can I tell, from the command line, whether the machine requires a reboot?

[ "command-line", "package-management" ]

10

1

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2010-11-18T11:45:34.837", "id": "341964", "postId": "164", "score": "0", "text": "If you are maintaining server you will soon also develop sense wether or not update require restart. Most updates needs no restart or only restart of service (witch it should do automatically).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2902" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "You can simply check if the file <code>/var/run/reboot-required</code> exists or not.\n\nFor example, any of these would tell you \"no such file\" or \"file not found\" if you do not need to reboot, otherwise (if you need to reboot) the file would exist and these commands would show information about the file:\n\n<pre><code>file /var/run/reboot-required\nstat /var/run/reboot-required\nls /var/run/reboot-required\n</code></pre>\n\nIn a bash script, you can use:\n\n<pre class=\"lang-bsh prettyprint-override\"><code>#!/bin/bash\nif [ -f /var/run/reboot-required ]; then\n echo 'reboot required'\nfi\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "8", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T14:23:14.257", "id": "306", "postId": "171", "score": "1", "text": "This works, and it works on Hardy too. (Doesn't work on Dapper -- 6.06 -- which I still have on one machine. Tough.) Incidentally, the /var/run/reboot-required file is created by /usr/share/update-notifier/notify-reboot-required which is invoked from various packages' maintainer scripts.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "136" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T14:27:42.297", "id": "308", "postId": "171", "score": "2", "text": "It would work on Dapper too if I installed the update-notifier package, except that it wants to pull down 120 megs' worth of GNOME stuff into my ancient server.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "136" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T14:31:06.547", "id": "309", "postId": "171", "score": "0", "text": "Same deal on Debian lenny: *if* you have update-notifier installed, then (and only then) you can check for /var/run/reboot-required.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "136" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T14:35:39.423", "id": "311", "postId": "171", "score": "10", "text": "Better install update-notifier-common, it doesn't depend on any GUI stuff (but doesn't exist for Dapper).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "136" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T14:37:46.470", "id": "314", "postId": "171", "score": "1", "text": "FWIW, update-notifier-common is not installed on Lucid server by default.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "136" }, { "creationDate": "2015-02-22T17:21:36.557", "id": "817129", "postId": "171", "score": "5", "text": "Thanks! and the file `/var/run/reboot-required.pkgs` will list the packages that require the reboot.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "6130" }, { "creationDate": "2018-01-05T21:52:49.513", "id": "1601560", "postId": "171", "score": "0", "text": "How about simply `cat /var/run/reboot-required 2> /dev/null || true`? It does appear to be a text file simply stating that, well, rebooting is required.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "779193" }, { "creationDate": "2018-08-21T15:14:25.243", "id": "1749680", "postId": "171", "score": "0", "text": "Also `test -f /var/run/reboot-required`. I'm using this with ansible like `ansible -a 'test ! -f /var/run/reboot-required' -i hosts all | awk '/FAILED/{print $1 \" requires reboot\"}'; (exit \"${PIPESTATUS[0]}\")`.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "250387" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T22:02:02.427", "id": "171", "lastActivityDate": "2017-12-13T16:14:32.827", "lastEditDate": "2017-12-13T16:14:32.827", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "507051", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "154", "parentId": "164", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "354" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "The <code>/etc/motd</code> file gets its information about whether a reboot is required from <code>/var/run/reboot-required</code> file.\n\nYou can check the content of this file in terminal by using <code>cat /etc/motd</code> command\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2018-07-05T15:14:26.857", "id": "1719755", "postId": "166", "score": "0", "text": "update-notifier-common used to create this but doesn't anymore", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "150379" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:53:41.527", "id": "166", "lastActivityDate": "2012-06-30T09:36:06.550", "lastEditDate": "2012-06-30T09:36:06.550", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "61218", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "129", "parentId": "164", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "9" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Normally if the file \n\n<pre><code>/var/run/reboot-required \n</code></pre>\n\nexists you should reboot. You can see if this file is there by using this simple command in gnome-terminal.\n\n<pre><code>ls /var/run/reboot-required\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2018-07-05T15:13:43.137", "id": "1719754", "postId": "169", "score": "0", "text": "This file doesn't appear to be created anymore from the update-notifier-common that used to create it.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "150379" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T21:59:00.353", "id": "169", "lastActivityDate": "2012-06-30T09:34:15.210", "lastEditDate": "2012-06-30T09:34:15.210", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "61218", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "134", "parentId": "164", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "34" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "You can simply check if the file <code>/var/run/reboot-required</code> exists or not.\n\nFor example, any of these would tell you \"no such file\" or \"file not found\" if you do not need to reboot, otherwise (if you need to reboot) the file would exist and these commands would show information about the file:\n\n<pre><code>file /var/run/reboot-required\nstat /var/run/reboot-required\nls /var/run/reboot-required\n</code></pre>\n\nIn a bash script, you can use:\n\n<pre class=\"lang-bsh prettyprint-override\"><code>#!/bin/bash\nif [ -f /var/run/reboot-required ]; then\n echo 'reboot required'\nfi\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "8", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T14:23:14.257", "id": "306", "postId": "171", "score": "1", "text": "This works, and it works on Hardy too. (Doesn't work on Dapper -- 6.06 -- which I still have on one machine. Tough.) Incidentally, the /var/run/reboot-required file is created by /usr/share/update-notifier/notify-reboot-required which is invoked from various packages' maintainer scripts.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "136" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T14:27:42.297", "id": "308", "postId": "171", "score": "2", "text": "It would work on Dapper too if I installed the update-notifier package, except that it wants to pull down 120 megs' worth of GNOME stuff into my ancient server.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "136" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T14:31:06.547", "id": "309", "postId": "171", "score": "0", "text": "Same deal on Debian lenny: *if* you have update-notifier installed, then (and only then) you can check for /var/run/reboot-required.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "136" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T14:35:39.423", "id": "311", "postId": "171", "score": "10", "text": "Better install update-notifier-common, it doesn't depend on any GUI stuff (but doesn't exist for Dapper).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "136" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T14:37:46.470", "id": "314", "postId": "171", "score": "1", "text": "FWIW, update-notifier-common is not installed on Lucid server by default.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "136" }, { "creationDate": "2015-02-22T17:21:36.557", "id": "817129", "postId": "171", "score": "5", "text": "Thanks! and the file `/var/run/reboot-required.pkgs` will list the packages that require the reboot.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "6130" }, { "creationDate": "2018-01-05T21:52:49.513", "id": "1601560", "postId": "171", "score": "0", "text": "How about simply `cat /var/run/reboot-required 2> /dev/null || true`? It does appear to be a text file simply stating that, well, rebooting is required.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "779193" }, { "creationDate": "2018-08-21T15:14:25.243", "id": "1749680", "postId": "171", "score": "0", "text": "Also `test -f /var/run/reboot-required`. I'm using this with ansible like `ansible -a 'test ! -f /var/run/reboot-required' -i hosts all | awk '/FAILED/{print $1 \" requires reboot\"}'; (exit \"${PIPESTATUS[0]}\")`.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "250387" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T22:02:02.427", "id": "171", "lastActivityDate": "2017-12-13T16:14:32.827", "lastEditDate": "2017-12-13T16:14:32.827", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "507051", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "154", "parentId": "164", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "354" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "As well as the most direct methods written by others there is a handy indication if you use <a href=\"https://launchpad.net/byobu\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">byobu</a> - a set of scripts to make GNU screen a little more user friendly. It shows a set of information at the bottom of the screen, and that can include whether a reboot is required - along with whether updates are available, the time, uptime, memory used ...\n\nIn this screenshot you can see from the <code>199!</code> on the bottom line with the red background that there are 199 updates available. A <code>!!</code> <a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/a/85368/349837\">means that some are security updates</a>. The menu in the foreground is selecting which status notifications should be displayed.\n\nIf a reboot is required then this will be indicated by the symbol <code>(R)</code> displayed in the lower bar with white text on a blue background. More details and other indicators can be read about in the <a href=\"http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/precise/en/man1/byobu.1.html\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">byobu man page</a>.\n\n<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/o0kGp.png\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/o0kGp.png\" alt=\"screenshot\"></a>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T17:59:23.237", "id": "423", "lastActivityDate": "2019-05-23T18:15:10.803", "lastEditDate": "2019-05-23T18:15:10.803", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "349837", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "150", "parentId": "164", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "19" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "In the package debian-goodies is a command named <code>checkrestart</code> which is quite useful. Its output can help you avoid a full reboot. \n\nIt tells you which running applications have loaded shared libraries that were upgraded while the application was running. You then restart the applications and services manually and avoid a full reboot. Does not help with kernel upgrades, though.\n", "commentCount": "4", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-09-09T15:03:08.137", "id": "69381", "postId": "60695", "score": "1", "text": "How can it make me avoid a full reboot?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "814" }, { "creationDate": "2011-09-15T20:38:00.107", "id": "70574", "postId": "60695", "score": "12", "text": "It tells you, which running applications have loaded shared libraries that were upgraded while the application was running. You then restart the applications and services manually and avoid a full reboot. Does not help with kernel upgrades, though.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "23382" }, { "creationDate": "2013-03-11T14:22:02.117", "id": "333877", "postId": "60695", "score": "0", "text": "This should be the top answer. Very helpful. OpenSUSE got a tool built-in (and also helps you how can you run it). Shame Ubuntu just goes \"restart, restart\". For example colord needed a restart here. Hence, no need to restart.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "9640" }, { "creationDate": "2018-02-05T16:44:49.947", "id": "1622955", "postId": "60695", "score": "0", "text": "@aquaherd Very helpful comment - might be worth moving that into your answer?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "228117" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2011-09-09T14:51:21.727", "id": "60695", "lastActivityDate": "2019-03-15T13:09:24.847", "lastEditDate": "2019-03-15T13:09:24.847", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "248158", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "23382", "parentId": "164", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "54" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "If you have the reboot-notifier or update-notifier-common packages installed, then you get the files /var/run/reboot-required and /var/run/reboot-required.pkgs\n\nreboot-notifier is newer in Ubuntu Wily and Xenial. Debian stretch, but in jessie-backports \n\nupdate-notifier-common Is older, in all Ubuntu versions including Xenial and Debian Wheezy. Not in Debian Stretch or Jessie.\n\n( There is some background to the reboot-notifier package at <a href=\"https://feeding.cloud.geek.nz/posts/introducing-reboot-notifier/\" rel=\"noreferrer\">https://feeding.cloud.geek.nz/posts/introducing-reboot-notifier/</a> )\n\nIf you don't have these packages installed then you can compare the version of the linux package installed, with the version running:\n\n<pre><code>tim@tramp:~$ dpkg -l linux-image-*\nDesired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold\n| Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend\n|/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)\n||/ Name Version Architecture Description\n+++-=================================-=====================-=====================-=======================================================================\nii linux-image-3.16.0-4-amd64 3.16.7-ckt20-1+deb8u4 amd64 Linux 3.16 for 64-bit PCs\nii linux-image-amd64 3.16+63 amd64 Linux for 64-bit PCs (meta-package)\ntim@tramp:~$ more /proc/version\nLinux version 3.16.0-4-amd64 (debian-kernel@lists.debian.org) (gcc version 4.8.4 (Debian 4.8.4-1) ) #1 SMP Debian 3.16.7-ckt20-1+deb8u3 (2016-01-17)\n</code></pre>\n\nYou can see here that the latest installed kernel is 3.16.7-ckt20-1+deb8u4 but the kernel running is 3.16.7-ckt20-1+deb8u3. So this system needs a reboot. The u4 vs u3 right at the end.\n\nYou might need to scroll the box above. In the /proc/version, it is the version near the end of the line that matters.\n\nThe very minor version code change is typical of a Debian security kernel update.\n\n<h3>needrestart</h3>\n\nAnother option is to install the <code>needrestart</code> package.\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install needrestart\nsudo needrestart -k\n</code></pre>\n\nSeems to work even if needrestart was installed after the kernel was upgraded.\n", "commentCount": "5", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2016-03-06T22:16:02.803", "id": "1105126", "postId": "742844", "score": "1", "text": "How does your first paragraph correlate with Ubuntu versions?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "158442" }, { "creationDate": "2016-03-07T23:52:43.697", "id": "1105780", "postId": "742844", "score": "0", "text": "Good point. Thanks. I'd spent so long testing and trying the packages I missed that bit out. I've editted to make clearer and include ubuntu package info.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "515507" }, { "creationDate": "2016-06-14T08:53:18.450", "id": "1180870", "postId": "742844", "score": "0", "text": "Way back on 8.04, after an update that required a restart, the Cog would turn red. How do I get that behavior back?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "247761" }, { "creationDate": "2016-09-26T10:36:17.197", "id": "1263576", "postId": "742844", "score": "0", "text": "Ubuntu 14.04, I get `dpkg-query: no packages found matching linux-image-*`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "510187" }, { "creationDate": "2016-11-17T14:58:57.010", "id": "1306702", "postId": "742844", "score": "0", "text": "`Unknown option: k` in Ubuntu 14.04.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "42522" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2016-03-06T21:48:11.613", "id": "742844", "lastActivityDate": "2017-12-13T16:29:33.213", "lastEditDate": "2017-12-13T16:29:33.213", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "507051", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "515507", "parentId": "164", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "11" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I added the following to my .bash-aliases file:\n\n<pre><code>alias rr='if [ -f /var/run/reboot-required ]; then echo \"reboot required\"; else echo \"No reboot needed\"; fi'\n</code></pre>\n\nSeemed simpler than installing a package for this relatively simple task. Then I just run:\n\n<pre><code>you@somewhere:~$ rr\nNo reboot needed\nyou@somewhere:~$ \n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2021-10-22T03:57:38.927", "id": "2357044", "postId": "861286", "score": "1", "text": "More compact: `[ -f /var/run/reboot-required ] && echo \"Reboot required\" || echo \"No reboot needed\"`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "349837" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2016-12-16T13:22:46.300", "id": "861286", "lastActivityDate": "2016-12-16T13:22:46.300", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "437911", "parentId": "164", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "9" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Not an answer to the question, but a caveat regarding several of the responses: <code>/var/run/reboot-required</code> is not a reliable source of whether or not a reboot is actually required.\n\nSimple test: when a new kernel becomes available, install it, reboot.\nAfter the reboot, run <code>apt autoremove</code> to get rid of some old, no longer required, kernels. After you've run that, it will state that a reboot is required, which is complete nonsense.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2017-09-14T10:15:42.820", "id": "1524541", "postId": "955691", "score": "4", "text": "Well, removing a kernel re-generates your grub config file, after which it's probably a good idea to reboot, to verify that you can still boot. At least that's how I'm justifying this (mis)feature to myself.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "136" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2017-09-14T07:09:22.153", "id": "955691", "lastActivityDate": "2017-09-14T07:59:06.070", "lastEditDate": "2017-09-14T07:59:06.070", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "158442", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "288200", "parentId": "164", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Poor man's solution:\n<pre class=\"lang-sh prettyprint-override\"><code>#!/bin/bash\n\ndefault=$(sed -n 's/^default[ ]*\$[0-9][0-9]*\$.*/\\1/p' /boot/grub/menu.lst | tail -1)\nif [ "$default" = "" ]; then default=0; fi\n\nwant=$(sed -n 's/^kernel[ ]*\\/boot\\/vmlinuz-\$[^ ]*\$.*/\\1/p' /boot/grub/menu.lst | sed -n "$((default+1))p")\n\nrunning=$(uname -r)\n\nif [ "$running" = "$want" ]\nthen\n : OK, do nothing\nelse\n echo "Running $running, want $want. Reboot required."\nfi\n</code></pre>\nNotice: The three cases of square brackets with white space inside should be "[ <space> <tab> ]".\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2018-12-05T08:52:58.883", "id": "1809948", "postId": "1098409", "score": "0", "text": "grub 2 doesn't use /boot/grub/menu.lst any more, it's /boot/grub/grub.cfg now.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "136" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2018-12-04T14:29:51.327", "id": "1098409", "lastActivityDate": "2021-10-22T04:01:59.887", "lastEditDate": "2021-10-22T04:01:59.887", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "349837", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "412140", "parentId": "164", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "If you use nagios:\n<pre><code>./check_file_age -i -f /var/run/reboot-required -w 86400 -c 604800\n</code></pre>\njust change the time in seconds for warn/crit\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2021-04-22T13:18:12.727", "id": "1333181", "lastActivityDate": "2021-04-23T07:13:56.913", "lastEditDate": "2021-04-23T07:13:56.913", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "527764", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "1221626", "parentId": "164", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" } ]

null

167

1

null

2010-07-28T21:54:15.207

15

747

<blockquote> Possible Duplicate: <a href="https://askubuntu.com/questions/16446/how-to-get-my-software-into-ubuntu">How to get my software into Ubuntu?</a> </blockquote> I've created a Python application for Ubuntu. How do I package it and submit it for possible inclusion in the <code>universe</code> repository?

35

-1

2017-04-13T12:23:56.577

2011-10-21T11:18:26.977

How do I put a package into the Ubuntu repositories?

[ "development", "application-development", "packaging", "debian" ]

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

null

[]

null

0

2011-11-02T03:27:14.960

null

174

1

null

2010-07-28T22:14:34.583

12

941

I'm currently install F# manually by downloading the binary distribution from Microsoft, downloading the Mono key, running the Mono installer, then fiddling with my path. Is there a PPA with F# packages that can make my life easier?

56

235

2010-10-23T20:19:48.713

2010-11-16T01:24:26.210

Where can I find F# packages?

[ "mono" ]

3

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

null

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "The F# license appears to be non-free as it only allows non-commercial use, so it wouldn't be legal to distribute this in a PPA. At best, there could be an fsharp-installer package created, which would automate those steps of downloading & installing it.\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T22:42:10.987", "id": "146", "postId": "187", "score": "0", "text": "Adobe Flash is in a PPA and it's proprietary -- why not F#?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "56" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T22:58:12.073", "id": "149", "postId": "187", "score": "0", "text": "I can't find Flash in a PPA, only installer packages. If redistribution isn't allowed by the license, then it can't be put on launchpad.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "129" }, { "creationDate": "2010-11-05T01:58:19.900", "id": "11843", "postId": "187", "score": "1", "text": "Microsoft just anounced they are open sourcing f# http://bit.ly/bMds8c", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "448" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T22:34:06.330", "id": "187", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T22:34:06.330", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "129", "parentId": "174", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I believe Microsoft said they might open source F# in the future.\n\n<hr>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-11-05T01:57:32.520", "id": "11841", "postId": "1127", "score": "1", "text": "they just did http://bit.ly/bMds8c", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "448" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-05T13:42:18.957", "id": "1127", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-05T13:42:18.957", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "669", "parentId": "174", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Ubuntu (.deb) packages for fsharp can be found at <a href=\"http://fsxplat.codeplex.com/\">http://fsxplat.codeplex.com/</a>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-11-16T01:24:26.210", "id": "13435", "lastActivityDate": "2010-11-16T01:24:26.210", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "6132", "parentId": "174", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" } ]

null

2013-03-14T16:22:10.197

null

181

1

184

2010-07-28T22:27:49.207

5

4430

How do you burn a DVD-DL iso from the command line?

165

null

2015-06-25T18:19:10.607

How to burn a dual layer dvd iso from the command line

[ "server", "command-line", "dvd" ]

1

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "<pre><code>growisofs -speed=2 -dvd-compat -Z /dev/dvdrw=dvd_image.iso\n</code></pre>\n\nReplace <code>/dev/dvdrw</code> with your dvd writer path and <code>dvd_image.iso</code> with the iso filename\nIf you do not have growisofs installed you will need to install the <code>dvd+rw-tools</code> package with the following command\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install dvd+rw-tools\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T22:31:38.627", "id": "184", "lastActivityDate": "2015-06-25T18:19:10.607", "lastEditDate": "2015-06-25T18:19:10.607", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "367165", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "165", "parentId": "181", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "9" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "<pre><code>growisofs -speed=2 -dvd-compat -Z /dev/dvdrw=dvd_image.iso\n</code></pre>\n\nReplace <code>/dev/dvdrw</code> with your dvd writer path and <code>dvd_image.iso</code> with the iso filename\nIf you do not have growisofs installed you will need to install the <code>dvd+rw-tools</code> package with the following command\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install dvd+rw-tools\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T22:31:38.627", "id": "184", "lastActivityDate": "2015-06-25T18:19:10.607", "lastEditDate": "2015-06-25T18:19:10.607", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "367165", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "165", "parentId": "181", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "9" } ]

null

182

1

4975

2010-07-28T22:30:00.313

18

7543

I need to update firmware of my iPod Touch (iPhone) in Ubuntu and as I have jailbroken iPod Touch I need iTunes to install apps, but unfortunately haven't found any ways to do that in Ubuntu yet. I know that it is possible to use VirtualBox or Wine, but still in the most of the times iTunes doesn't want to work on Wine and for VirtualBox I need to install again that Windows from which I switched into Ubuntu just a few months ago and don't want to go back to it. What do Linux users who have iPod Touch(iPhone) do in this case? Any suggestions to solve the problem will be pleased. And finally,how long will it be before Apple develops iTunes for Linux OS?

161

367165

2015-12-14T14:07:40.410

2016-10-18T12:10:11.603

Firmware update for iPod Touch (iPhone)?

[ "updates", "ipod", "iphone", "itunes", "firmware" ]

6

2

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T22:36:56.687", "id": "144", "postId": "182", "score": "4", "text": "You should probably re-title this as something along the lines of 'How to update iPod firmware from Ubuntu' as your title is subjective for the most part and not really to the point of your question", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "165" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T22:48:11.167", "id": "147", "postId": "182", "score": "1", "text": "Agreed with the above, those downvoting ought to read the question however as it is a legitimate query.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "28" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "While some older versions of iTunes can currently be made to work with Wine (or Crossover), they cannot be used to update or sync newer iPods\n\nThe reason is that Wine lacks a handler for Windows USB device drivers, and the iPod acts as a custom USB device. This is the same reason that software that requires a special key dongle also doesn't (yet) work in Wine. There are some preliminary patches available for this, and you can read more history on the <a href=\"http://wiki.winehq.org/USB\">Wine wiki</a>, however don't expect anything to work.\n\nThe only iPods that currently work in Wine are really old iPods that act as simple USB mass storage devices. And even then you still need to find an older, working iTunes.\n\nBecause of this problem in Wine, to do the firmware upgrade you'll need to either setup a virtual machine with Virtualbox or VMware or, perhaps more simply, borrow someone else's computer.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-12-06T12:37:24.150", "id": "17322", "postId": "4975", "score": "0", "text": "Yes I have done this. I have installed VirtualBox and updated my ipod there in Windows.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "161" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-09-30T16:05:56.203", "id": "4975", "lastActivityDate": "2010-10-05T15:00:50.060", "lastEditDate": "2010-10-05T15:00:50.060", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "2558", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "2558", "parentId": "182", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "9" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "Looking at the <a href=\"http://www.codeweavers.com\" rel=\"nofollow\">Crossover</a> <a href=\"http://www.codeweavers.com/compatibility/browse/group/?app_parent=2350;\" rel=\"nofollow\">page for iTunes</a>, a couple of versions have been reported to work somewhat. Crossover costs money, but it may be worth it for you.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T22:36:00.307", "id": "188", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T22:36:00.307", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "130", "parentId": "182", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I don't know if this works with your iPod touch, but it works for my older iPods:\n<a href=\"http://code.google.com/p/ipod-update/\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://code.google.com/p/ipod-update/</a>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-10-06T23:02:42.333", "id": "5397", "postId": "189", "score": "0", "text": "Unfortunately the iPod Touch and iPhone work completely differently so this would not work.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2178" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T22:37:21.367", "id": "189", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T22:37:21.367", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "165", "parentId": "182", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Firmware-Upgrade didn't work for me: Ubuntu 8.04 LTS with vmplayer and an old XP with iTunes.\n\nNo chance. the iphone was out of order for the rest of the day until i pluged it on my windows pc at my job-side. \n\nFrom this point of view: apple-products are an absolutely No-Go! Why do i need a windows or mac with itunes for having a phone? Where is it stated that on buying that 'thing-a-magic' i need a running iTunes to make it work? Who knows the costs on before?\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-09-30T14:47:52.643", "id": "5068", "postId": "1509", "score": "4", "text": "It's becoming more common knowledge that Apple products only work in their own little ecosystem, but that doesn't help a product like Ubuntu where people already have something that works and are more likely to reject the new thing (Ubuntu) than the old thing (their iFruit player).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "186" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-06T21:36:47.170", "id": "1509", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-06T21:36:47.170", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "257", "parentId": "182", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "While some older versions of iTunes can currently be made to work with Wine (or Crossover), they cannot be used to update or sync newer iPods\n\nThe reason is that Wine lacks a handler for Windows USB device drivers, and the iPod acts as a custom USB device. This is the same reason that software that requires a special key dongle also doesn't (yet) work in Wine. There are some preliminary patches available for this, and you can read more history on the <a href=\"http://wiki.winehq.org/USB\">Wine wiki</a>, however don't expect anything to work.\n\nThe only iPods that currently work in Wine are really old iPods that act as simple USB mass storage devices. And even then you still need to find an older, working iTunes.\n\nBecause of this problem in Wine, to do the firmware upgrade you'll need to either setup a virtual machine with Virtualbox or VMware or, perhaps more simply, borrow someone else's computer.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-12-06T12:37:24.150", "id": "17322", "postId": "4975", "score": "0", "text": "Yes I have done this. I have installed VirtualBox and updated my ipod there in Windows.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "161" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-09-30T16:05:56.203", "id": "4975", "lastActivityDate": "2010-10-05T15:00:50.060", "lastEditDate": "2010-10-05T15:00:50.060", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "2558", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "2558", "parentId": "182", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "9" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I tired to update my iPhone firmware form v2 to v3 using iTunes running in VMware. The process stoped mid stream and the iPhone was rendered useless. I hooked it up to a friend's windows machines and after several update attempts it came back to life.\n\nUpdates withing the same major versions worked fine in iTunes/VMware though.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-10-20T08:10:47.170", "id": "8430", "lastActivityDate": "2012-12-09T13:33:32.800", "lastEditDate": "2012-12-09T13:33:32.800", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "65926", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "3159", "parentId": "182", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<h1>libimobiledevice</h1>\n\nIt's still experimental but you should check <a href=\"http://www.libimobiledevice.org/\" rel=\"nofollow\">libimobiledevice</a>. There is no GUI as of yet, but they're working on getting ipod touch models to work on Linux (including software up and downgrade).\n\n<hr>\n\nEdit: According to the <a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PortableDevices/iPhone\" rel=\"nofollow\">Ubuntu Wiki</a> this is the default since at least 14.04 and implemented in various projects. Check the news and status on the libimobiledevice project page for details. Currently they claim that they support iOS 9, which was still in beta at the time of writing.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-12-05T16:22:08.263", "id": "16308", "lastActivityDate": "2015-07-15T06:26:03.567", "lastEditDate": "2015-07-15T06:26:03.567", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "40581", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5159", "parentId": "182", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" } ]

null

193

1

980

2010-07-28T22:48:14.973

29

56406

How can I change the Login screen theme? Is there a graphical way or no?

154

235

2012-07-14T18:27:29.230

2019-09-06T13:34:08.463

How can I change the login screen theme in GDM?

[ "themes", "gdm", "login-screen" ]

7

2

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2012-05-31T15:36:10.817", "id": "173871", "postId": "193", "score": "3", "text": "You may be interested in this themeable alternative to GDM: http://askubuntu.com/questions/143192/how-can-i-replace-lightdm-with-mdm", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "14356" }, { "creationDate": "2012-05-31T21:08:00.713", "id": "174086", "postId": "193", "score": "0", "text": "Wow! Thank you! Not exactly GDM, but I can theme it and it works well! Much better than other solutions.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "37700" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Use this command in the terminal:\n\n<pre><code>sudo cp /usr/share/applications/gnome-appearance-properties.desktop /usr/share/gdm/autostart/LoginWindow\n</code></pre>\n\nLogout, and you will be prompted with the Appearance window. change the theme as you change it for the desktop, and login back, and type this command:\n\n<pre><code>sudo rm /usr/share/gdm/autostart/LoginWindow/gnome-appearance-properties.desktop\n</code></pre>\n\nThat's it.\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-08-15T16:41:02.833", "id": "2255", "postId": "980", "score": "2", "text": "Instead of logging out, you can also use \"Switch User\".", "userDisplayName": "Roger Pate", "userId": null }, { "creationDate": "2012-06-10T16:03:46.813", "id": "180041", "postId": "980", "score": "1", "text": "Does not work with 11.10 or later as they use LightDM instead of GDM.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "43594" }, { "creationDate": "2017-11-08T22:17:08.577", "id": "1562599", "postId": "980", "score": "0", "text": "Does not work with Ubuntu 17.10 where GDM is default again. A working example can be found on https://didrocks.fr/2017/09/11/ubuntu-gnome-shell-in-artful-day-11/", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "17254" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-05T06:38:50.977", "id": "980", "lastActivityDate": "2011-01-10T23:47:12.933", "lastEditDate": "2011-01-10T23:47:12.933", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "114", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "389", "parentId": "193", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "15" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "This depends on what you want to do with the login screen. You can configure some basic options in the Login Screen Settings app (<a href=\"https://imgur.com/HUygl.png\" rel=\"noreferrer\">System/Administration/Login Screen</a>) - whether a user should be automatically logged in, the default session etc.\n\nHowever to change the login screen more graphically <a href=\"http://ubuntu-tweak.com/\" rel=\"noreferrer\">Ubuntu Tweak</a> can be used to change the background, logo etc.\n\n<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/DYrkc.png\" rel=\"noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/EVuuj.png\" alt=\"Ubuntu Tweak - Login settings\"></a>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-05-05T18:10:17.167", "id": "44325", "postId": "196", "score": "1", "text": "It doesn't allow you to change any fonts, font-hinting, pointers, selected-item colors or icons. Just the wallpaper and the logo .", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "10837" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T22:51:14.423", "id": "196", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T23:06:34.180", "lastEditDate": "2010-07-28T23:06:34.180", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "28", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "28", "parentId": "193", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "11" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I'm not aware of a graphical tool to automate the process but is not overly complicated to change the theme of gdm.\n\nTake a look at <a href=\"http://gnome-look.org/index.php?xsortmode=down&page=0&xcontentmode=150\" rel=\"nofollow\">Gnome-Look GDM</a>, most of the themes there come with good instructions on how to install them.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-07-09T04:48:38.070", "id": "58526", "postId": "208", "score": "0", "text": "I think those themes are for an older version of GDM than what is shipped with Ubuntu now. Those will probably not work.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "18612" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T23:15:22.217", "id": "208", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T23:15:22.217", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "22", "parentId": "193", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "Use this command in the terminal:\n\n<pre><code>sudo cp /usr/share/applications/gnome-appearance-properties.desktop /usr/share/gdm/autostart/LoginWindow\n</code></pre>\n\nLogout, and you will be prompted with the Appearance window. change the theme as you change it for the desktop, and login back, and type this command:\n\n<pre><code>sudo rm /usr/share/gdm/autostart/LoginWindow/gnome-appearance-properties.desktop\n</code></pre>\n\nThat's it.\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-08-15T16:41:02.833", "id": "2255", "postId": "980", "score": "2", "text": "Instead of logging out, you can also use \"Switch User\".", "userDisplayName": "Roger Pate", "userId": null }, { "creationDate": "2012-06-10T16:03:46.813", "id": "180041", "postId": "980", "score": "1", "text": "Does not work with 11.10 or later as they use LightDM instead of GDM.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "43594" }, { "creationDate": "2017-11-08T22:17:08.577", "id": "1562599", "postId": "980", "score": "0", "text": "Does not work with Ubuntu 17.10 where GDM is default again. A working example can be found on https://didrocks.fr/2017/09/11/ubuntu-gnome-shell-in-artful-day-11/", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "17254" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-05T06:38:50.977", "id": "980", "lastActivityDate": "2011-01-10T23:47:12.933", "lastEditDate": "2011-01-10T23:47:12.933", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "114", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "389", "parentId": "193", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "15" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "There is a graphical tool for this. It's called GDM2Setup. You can get it from this PPA: <a href=\"https://launchpad.net/gdm2setup\" rel=\"nofollow\">https://launchpad.net/gdm2setup</a>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-13T01:45:41.727", "id": "2120", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-13T01:45:41.727", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "880", "parentId": "193", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "U can use GDMtweak to change theme and Icon. see the link <a href=\"http://www.webupd8.org/2011/05/change-gdm-theme-background-in-ubuntu.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://www.webupd8.org/2011/05/change-gdm-theme-background-in-ubuntu.html</a>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2012-08-19T20:14:01.620", "id": "220410", "postId": "49193", "score": "0", "text": "Whilst this may theoretically answer the question, [it would be preferable](http://meta.stackexchange.com/q/8259) to include the essential parts of the answer here, and provide the link for reference.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "54298" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-06-17T06:29:00.087", "id": "49193", "lastActivityDate": "2011-06-17T06:29:00.087", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "18650", "parentId": "193", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Theme Support for GDM has been terminated since UBUNTU 9.Sorry..!!\n", "commentCount": "4", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2012-05-22T14:44:40.617", "id": "168166", "postId": "140732", "score": "1", "text": "What? Can I change any options at all? Who says? NOOOOOOOO!!!!!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "37700" }, { "creationDate": "2012-05-22T14:46:35.957", "id": "168168", "postId": "140732", "score": "0", "text": "You cannot change any thene or any option related to its looks...What is offered is what you will have to accept..You may consider reinstalling *lightdm*", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "46000" }, { "creationDate": "2012-05-22T14:51:42.183", "id": "168171", "postId": "140732", "score": "0", "text": "Yeah... I can't, because I can't log in from LightDM (it's borked in 12.04 x64). Well, thanks. ;( (But where is this info from?) (I would still like to know.)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "37700" }, { "creationDate": "2012-05-22T15:02:13.310", "id": "168181", "postId": "140732", "score": "0", "text": "Hmmm... thanks for the info. Interesting, my GDM looks different than that, more square and such. I just configured gdm from terminal login, and didn't install anything. Darn.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "37700" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-05-22T14:38:25.997", "id": "140732", "lastActivityDate": "2012-05-22T14:38:25.997", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "46000", "parentId": "193", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<ol>\n<li>Copy the image you want to use into the <code>/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme</code> folder.</li>\n<li>Run \n\n<pre><code>sudo -H gedit /usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css\n</code></pre></li>\n<li>Search for the following section\n\n<pre><code>#lockDialogGroup { \n\nbackground: #2e3436 url(noise-texture.png); \n\nbackground-repeat: no-repeat;\n</code></pre></li>\n<li>Change the name of the image to your image and set background to repeat or no-repeat.</li>\n<li>Save the file.</li>\n<li>Logout and your new background is there.</li>\n</ol>\n\nThis works for Ubuntu GNOME, for other flavours it might not work.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2014-01-22T18:01:23.363", "id": "409291", "lastActivityDate": "2019-09-06T13:34:08.463", "lastEditDate": "2019-09-06T13:34:08.463", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "480481", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "238717", "parentId": "193", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" } ]

null

194

1

412

2010-07-28T22:50:02.303

402

446611

<code>sudo apt-get upgrade</code> installs all updates, not just security updates. I know that I can use Update Manager to select only important security updates, but is there a way to do this from the command line?

130

158442

2016-02-14T19:30:05.413

2023-09-28T08:00:50.680

How can I install just security updates from the command line?

[ "command-line", "package-management", "updates", "security" ]

10

9

CC BY-SA 2.5

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T22:52:59.960", "id": "148", "postId": "194", "score": "0", "text": "I assume you meant to refer to apt-get (dist-)upgrade?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "24" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T22:59:49.387", "id": "150", "postId": "194", "score": "2", "text": "I don't think so. dist-upgrade takes the entire system to a new release. I'm talking about day-to-day updates, like the ones you see in Update Manager.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "130" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T23:02:12.457", "id": "152", "postId": "194", "score": "1", "text": "Oh, I see what you're saying now. Heh, I run apt-get update so often, I type it without thinking. Thanks for the heads-up!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "130" }, { "creationDate": "2010-09-21T18:37:54.440", "id": "4627", "postId": "194", "score": "7", "text": "You want \"apt-get dist-upgrade\", not \"apt-get upgrade\". \"dist-upgrade\" isn't for new releases (that's \"do-release-upgrade\" a separate command). Using \"dist-upgrade\" means it will handle changing dependencies of the new packages. This can be important.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "721" }, { "creationDate": "2012-04-13T13:44:11.583", "id": "144843", "postId": "194", "score": "1", "text": "I don't think @KeesCook is correct. According to apt docs you want to use apt-get upgrade unless you are moving between distributions. Only under rare conditions should a dist-upgrade be necessary v. and upgrade when running a released (e.g. not currently beta/rc) ubuntu.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1668" }, { "creationDate": "2012-11-16T14:25:15.353", "id": "269725", "postId": "194", "score": "3", "text": "dist-upgrade is the normal operation performed by the Update Manager GUI. For packages such as the kernel where there is a `linux-image-generic` package, depending on the current image, eg `linux-image-3.x.y-zz-generic` (each version of which is a separate package name), dist-upgrade (which allows new packages to be installed to satisfy dependencies) will perform this upgrade, whereas upgrade will show the kernel package as held-back.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "80808" }, { "creationDate": "2013-10-29T01:30:44.883", "id": "470095", "postId": "194", "score": "4", "text": "Surprising that there are no good `apt-get` based answers for this, considering how prominently it is listed on each server", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "92812" }, { "creationDate": "2014-10-29T22:37:42.527", "id": "744175", "postId": "194", "score": "0", "text": "Actually ILIV answer below is really good. First you can list the packages that are to be updated, then you can run `sudo apt-get install <name>` of only the packages to be upgraded. That allows you to only upgrade packages that represent a security issue.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "31366" }, { "creationDate": "2016-11-05T13:15:46.290", "id": "1297604", "postId": "194", "score": "1", "text": "Two [duplicate](http://serverfault.com/q/270260/85654) [threads](http://stackoverflow.com/a/35825436/712526) (with different solutions & different explanations).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "20358" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "The package <a href=\"http://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=unattended-upgrades\" rel=\"noreferrer\">unattended-upgrades</a> provides functionality to install security updates automatically.\n\nYou could use this, but instead of configuring the automatic part you could call it manually:\n\n<pre class=\"lang-sh prettyprint-override\"><code>sudo unattended-upgrade -d --dry-run\nsudo unattended-upgrade -d # Idem --debug\n</code></pre>\n\nIf you want to run it quietly instead:\n\n<pre><code>sudo unattended-upgrade\n</code></pre>\n\nNote: When you call unattended-upgrade you leave the \"s\" off the end (on newer versions there is a symlink to avoid this).\n\nThis assumes that the package is installed by default, which it probably is. If not, just do:\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt install unattended-upgrades\n</code></pre>\n\nSee also <a href=\"https://github.com/mvo5/unattended-upgrades/blob/master/README.md\" rel=\"noreferrer\"><code>/usr/share/doc/unattended-upgrades/README.md</code></a>.\n", "commentCount": "9", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2014-10-23T03:33:52.213", "id": "739654", "postId": "412", "score": "1", "text": "For disabling the automatic execution of `unattended-upgrade` you are probably needing to modify `/etc/cron.daily/apt`, but not sure it is \"correct\" to do so", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "18014" }, { "creationDate": "2015-04-22T02:41:42.533", "id": "861482", "postId": "412", "score": "0", "text": "side note: for Ubuntu 12.04.5 LTS server, `unattended-upgrades` is not installed by default.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "91046" }, { "creationDate": "2016-03-20T09:00:03.097", "id": "1114497", "postId": "412", "score": "24", "text": "Since you're doing this from the command line, use `-v` for info messages or `-d` for debug messages. Otherwise the utility will be very silent, in which case you would need to check the logs in `/var/log/unattended-upgrades`. You can also use `--dry-run` to simulate but not actually upgrade anything. For more info and other options, use `--help` to get the help message.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "488346" }, { "creationDate": "2016-05-17T18:19:03.193", "id": "1156451", "postId": "412", "score": "0", "text": "i learned a few things about `unattended-upgrades` today. thanks!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "7312" }, { "creationDate": "2017-05-14T21:12:33.377", "id": "1442182", "postId": "412", "score": "0", "text": "\"for monitoring how it goes\", it is just debug non-interactive messages right?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "46437" }, { "creationDate": "2019-12-01T15:22:45.987", "id": "1997008", "postId": "412", "score": "0", "text": "For me, the README was gzipped, so to read it, I used `gzip -dc /usr/share/doc/unattended-upgrades/README.md.gz | less`.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "364151" }, { "creationDate": "2021-06-03T07:56:45.490", "id": "2293504", "postId": "412", "score": "1", "text": "@Gogowitsch: you'll be happy to know there's a purpose-built tool for this: `zless /usr/share/doc/unattended-upgrades/README.md.gz` (https://www.thegeekstuff.com/2009/05/zcat-zless-zgrep-zdiff-zcmp-zmore-gzip-file-operations-on-the-compressed-files/)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "37574" }, { "creationDate": "2023-08-21T15:33:42.127", "id": "2596918", "postId": "412", "score": "0", "text": "I tried the command, it seems it's updating everything. For example, it's updating vim right now. How is vim related to security package?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "591401" }, { "creationDate": "2023-10-17T19:13:06.740", "id": "2608980", "postId": "412", "score": "0", "text": "@sgon00 Vim recently had a security bug in it: https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-6195-1", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "924073" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T17:28:14.807", "id": "412", "lastActivityDate": "2020-05-28T17:00:17.310", "lastEditDate": "2020-05-28T17:00:17.310", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "349837", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "169", "parentId": "194", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "373" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "I can't find an option in either apt-get or aptitude, however someone had the <a href=\"https://superuser.com/questions/130087/how-to-install-just-security-updates-via-the-command-line-on-ubuntu\">same question</a> on SuperUser. The only response is:\n\n<pre><code>Check and adjust /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrade. \nDid you replace 'karmic' with the code name of your Ubuntu?\n</code></pre>\n\nNo reply as to whether that worked however.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T23:38:03.240", "id": "164", "postId": "200", "score": "2", "text": "It appears that the method described in that wiki page depends on setting aptitude's --target-release argument to <release>-security. Like the OP of that question, that method installs all upgrades, not just security upgrades.\n\nReading the apt-get and aptitude man pages, I don't think the --target-release argument is even intended to limit upgrades to just security, though I'm not sure just what it _is_ for.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "130" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T23:04:40.860", "id": "200", "lastActivityDate": "2019-03-12T20:49:20.923", "lastEditDate": "2019-03-12T20:49:20.923", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "59676", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "28", "parentId": "194", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Although its pretty ugly, you could disable all the repositories apart from the security repository and then do:\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade\n</code></pre>\n\nI haven't tested it, but in theory it would only find updates in the security repo and apply them...\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T00:07:02.373", "id": "169", "postId": "227", "score": "0", "text": "Yeah, that's a possibility. I'll look into it. I'm no good at BASH, but I may try to make a script to do it.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "130" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T00:39:42.790", "id": "174", "postId": "227", "score": "0", "text": "OK, I disabled all but the Ubuntu security repos and ran a `sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade` (cancelling before any upgrades were done). Then I re-enabled all my repos, ran `sudo apt-get updatee`, and opened Update Manager. The packages marked as security updates were not exactly what `apt-get upgrade` found, but they were very close -- close enough for me. I still wish I knew exactly how Update Manager does it and how to do the same from the command-line, but this will do. Thanks!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "130" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T00:00:19.250", "id": "227", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T00:00:19.250", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "176", "parentId": "194", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "replace <code>/etc/apt/preferences</code> with the following:\n\n<pre><code>Package: *\nPin: release a=lucid-security\nPin-Priority: 500\n\nPackage: *\nPin: release o=Ubuntu\nPin-Priority: 50\n</code></pre>\n\nnow a simple <code>apt-get upgrade</code> will upgrade all security updates only.\n\nWhy (and how) this works: The preferences file will pin all packages from Ubuntu distribution to priority 50, which will make them less desirable than already installed packages. Files originating from security repository are given the default (500) priority so they are considered for installation. This means that only packages that are considered more desirable than currently installed ones are security updates. More information about pinning in the <a href=\"http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/lucid/en/man5/apt_preferences.5.html\">apt_preferences manpage</a>.\n\nYou can temporarily promote a certain distribution for updates with the <code>--target-release</code> option that works with <code>apt-get</code> and <code>aptitude</code> (at least) which will allow you pin certain releases so that they are eligible for upgrade.\n\nIf you wish to use this for scripts only and not make it default for the system, you can place the rules in to some other location and use this instead:\n\n<pre><code>apt-get -o Dir::Etc::Preferences=/path/to/preferences_file upgrade\n</code></pre>\n\nThis will make apt look for the preferences file from a non-default location.\n\nThe preferences file given as an example doesn't apply to third party repositories, if you wish to pin those too you can use <code>apt-cache policy</code> to easily determine the required keys for pinning.\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T13:14:45.670", "id": "286", "postId": "272", "score": "0", "text": "Thanks for taking time for a thorough answer. I _think_ I understand how it works. But when I create the /etc/apt/preferences file and run apt-get upgrade, it wants to upgrade all packages, not just security updates. The list upgrade before and after are exactly the same, _except_ with /etc/apt/preferences it doesn't want to upgrade Leafpad, which I built from source and installed \"by hand\" with dpkg. It's very strange to me, but may mean something to you.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "130" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T16:24:09.670", "id": "334", "postId": "272", "score": "1", "text": "You can see what is going on with apt-cache policy command. Pick one of the packages that isn't getting a security fix and run `apt-cache policy packagename`. This will list the priorities for various versions. You should see various lines and different priorities. If there are no lines with the priority 50, the pinning isn't affecting the packages in question for some reason.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "42" }, { "creationDate": "2014-08-22T08:33:54.440", "id": "696881", "postId": "272", "score": "2", "text": "I had followed this answer in the past. Today I found out that due to this answer, 68 security update packages were NOT installed on my server and didn't show up as potential install candidates. This is NOT A GOOD ANSWER!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "37831" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T04:12:58.523", "id": "272", "lastActivityDate": "2015-12-18T09:29:42.640", "lastEditDate": "2015-12-18T09:29:42.640", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "367165", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "42", "parentId": "194", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "48" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "The package <a href=\"http://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=unattended-upgrades\" rel=\"noreferrer\">unattended-upgrades</a> provides functionality to install security updates automatically.\n\nYou could use this, but instead of configuring the automatic part you could call it manually:\n\n<pre class=\"lang-sh prettyprint-override\"><code>sudo unattended-upgrade -d --dry-run\nsudo unattended-upgrade -d # Idem --debug\n</code></pre>\n\nIf you want to run it quietly instead:\n\n<pre><code>sudo unattended-upgrade\n</code></pre>\n\nNote: When you call unattended-upgrade you leave the \"s\" off the end (on newer versions there is a symlink to avoid this).\n\nThis assumes that the package is installed by default, which it probably is. If not, just do:\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt install unattended-upgrades\n</code></pre>\n\nSee also <a href=\"https://github.com/mvo5/unattended-upgrades/blob/master/README.md\" rel=\"noreferrer\"><code>/usr/share/doc/unattended-upgrades/README.md</code></a>.\n", "commentCount": "9", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2014-10-23T03:33:52.213", "id": "739654", "postId": "412", "score": "1", "text": "For disabling the automatic execution of `unattended-upgrade` you are probably needing to modify `/etc/cron.daily/apt`, but not sure it is \"correct\" to do so", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "18014" }, { "creationDate": "2015-04-22T02:41:42.533", "id": "861482", "postId": "412", "score": "0", "text": "side note: for Ubuntu 12.04.5 LTS server, `unattended-upgrades` is not installed by default.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "91046" }, { "creationDate": "2016-03-20T09:00:03.097", "id": "1114497", "postId": "412", "score": "24", "text": "Since you're doing this from the command line, use `-v` for info messages or `-d` for debug messages. Otherwise the utility will be very silent, in which case you would need to check the logs in `/var/log/unattended-upgrades`. You can also use `--dry-run` to simulate but not actually upgrade anything. For more info and other options, use `--help` to get the help message.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "488346" }, { "creationDate": "2016-05-17T18:19:03.193", "id": "1156451", "postId": "412", "score": "0", "text": "i learned a few things about `unattended-upgrades` today. thanks!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "7312" }, { "creationDate": "2017-05-14T21:12:33.377", "id": "1442182", "postId": "412", "score": "0", "text": "\"for monitoring how it goes\", it is just debug non-interactive messages right?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "46437" }, { "creationDate": "2019-12-01T15:22:45.987", "id": "1997008", "postId": "412", "score": "0", "text": "For me, the README was gzipped, so to read it, I used `gzip -dc /usr/share/doc/unattended-upgrades/README.md.gz | less`.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "364151" }, { "creationDate": "2021-06-03T07:56:45.490", "id": "2293504", "postId": "412", "score": "1", "text": "@Gogowitsch: you'll be happy to know there's a purpose-built tool for this: `zless /usr/share/doc/unattended-upgrades/README.md.gz` (https://www.thegeekstuff.com/2009/05/zcat-zless-zgrep-zdiff-zcmp-zmore-gzip-file-operations-on-the-compressed-files/)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "37574" }, { "creationDate": "2023-08-21T15:33:42.127", "id": "2596918", "postId": "412", "score": "0", "text": "I tried the command, it seems it's updating everything. For example, it's updating vim right now. How is vim related to security package?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "591401" }, { "creationDate": "2023-10-17T19:13:06.740", "id": "2608980", "postId": "412", "score": "0", "text": "@sgon00 Vim recently had a security bug in it: https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-6195-1", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "924073" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T17:28:14.807", "id": "412", "lastActivityDate": "2020-05-28T17:00:17.310", "lastEditDate": "2020-05-28T17:00:17.310", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "349837", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "169", "parentId": "194", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "373" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<h2>A Few Tips On How To Manage Updates</h2>\n\nThis applies both to Debian and Ubuntu, but more specific instructions for Ubuntu follow.\n\n<ul>\n<li>Show security updates only :\n\n<pre><code>apt-get -s dist-upgrade |grep \"^Inst\" |grep -i securi \n</code></pre>\n\nor\n\n<pre><code>sudo unattended-upgrade --dry-run -d\n</code></pre>\n\nor\n\n<pre><code>/usr/lib/update-notifier/apt-check -p\n</code></pre></li>\n<li>Show all upgradeable packages\n\n<pre><code>apt-get -s dist-upgrade | grep \"^Inst\"\n</code></pre></li>\n<li>Install security updates only\n\n<pre><code>apt-get -s dist-upgrade | grep \"^Inst\" | \n grep -i securi | awk -F \" \" {'print $2'} | \n xargs apt-get install\n</code></pre></li>\n</ul>\n\nNotes: \n\n<ul>\n<li>Sometimes Ubuntu shows security updates as if they're coming from $release-updates repository. This is so, I'm told, because Ubuntu developers push security updates to $release-updates repository as well to expedite their availability.\n\nIf that's the case, you can do the following to show security updates only:\n\n<pre><code>sudo sh -c 'grep ^deb /etc/apt/sources.list | \n grep security > /etc/apt/sources.security.only.list'\n</code></pre>\n\nand\n\n<pre><code>apt-get -s dist-upgrade -o Dir::Etc::SourceList=/etc/apt/sources.security.only.list -o Dir::Etc::SourceParts=/dev/null | \n grep \"^Inst\" | awk -F \" \" {'print $2'}\n</code></pre></li>\n<li>Check what services need to be restarted after package upgrades. Figure out what packages you are going to upgrade beforehand and schedule your restarts/reboots. The problem here is that unless you restart a service it still may be using an older version of a library (most common reason) that's been loaded into memory before you installed new package which fixes a security vulnerability or whatever.\n\n<pre><code>checkrestart -v\n</code></pre>\n\nHowever, keep in mind that <code>checkrestart</code> may list processes that shouldn't necessarily be restarted. For example, PostgreSQL service may be keeping in its memory reference to an already deleted xlog file, which isn't a valid reason to restart the service.\n\nTherefore, another, more reliable, way to check this using standard utils is the following little bash script that I shamelessly stole from <a href=\"https://locallost.net/?p=233\">https://locallost.net/?p=233</a>\n\nIt checks if running processes on a system are still using deleted libraries by virtue of keeping copies of those in active memory.\n\n<pre><code>ps xh -o pid |\nwhile read PROCID; do\n grep 'so.* (deleted)$' /proc/$PROCID/maps 2> /dev/null\n if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then\n CMDLINE=$(sed -e 's/\\x00/ /g' < /proc/$PROCID/cmdline)\n echo -e \"\\tPID $PROCID $CMDLINE\\n\"\n fi\ndone\n</code></pre></li>\n</ul>\n", "commentCount": "11", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2016-05-13T07:59:19.987", "id": "1152975", "postId": "217999", "score": "2", "text": "I notice only now this post. It is extremely precise. Thanks a lot (+1)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "244654" }, { "creationDate": "2016-08-19T11:29:57.447", "id": "1231877", "postId": "217999", "score": "0", "text": "where does 'checkrestart' come from? I can't find it in Ubuntu Trusty. I did find \"needrestart\" which looks like it would fit in your instructions?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "282183" }, { "creationDate": "2016-08-20T03:51:24.113", "id": "1232338", "postId": "217999", "score": "0", "text": "It can be found in debian-goodies package: https://packages.debian.org/wheezy/debian-goodies. There's also needrestart. You can find both on Xenial by running: $apt-cache search checkrestart", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "108514" }, { "creationDate": "2016-09-30T09:53:36.127", "id": "1267318", "postId": "217999", "score": "0", "text": "I get \"E: Could not open lock file /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (13: Permission denied)\" even with sudo. Is this something specific to one of the updates or the commands you've provided?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "498970" }, { "creationDate": "2016-10-01T05:00:59.777", "id": "1267993", "postId": "217999", "score": "0", "text": "Most likely it's about an incorrect/abnormal termination of dpkg that left a lock file uncleared. Doesn't happen normally until, e.g. installation of a package doesn't finish successfully (full disk, etc.) You probably cannot run other apt-get and dpkg commands, can you?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "108514" }, { "creationDate": "2016-10-03T17:08:20.067", "id": "1269826", "postId": "217999", "score": "0", "text": "Your grep for `grep -i securi `, never seems to work. Packages don't seem to be labeled that way.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "314736" }, { "creationDate": "2016-11-04T08:47:30.897", "id": "1296603", "postId": "217999", "score": "0", "text": "$ apt-get -s dist-upgrade |grep \"^Inst\" |grep -i securi \nInst liboxideqt-qmlplugin [1.17.9-0ubuntu0.16.04.1] (1.18.3-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial-updates, Ubuntu:16.04/xenial-security [i386]) []\n... in other words - it works.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "108514" }, { "creationDate": "2019-02-12T11:58:08.770", "id": "1846173", "postId": "217999", "score": "2", "text": "for me if I don't include -y on apt-get install it quits on the first yes/no question fyi", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "886581" }, { "creationDate": "2019-02-20T02:20:19.603", "id": "1850445", "postId": "217999", "score": "0", "text": "I believe the `apt-get | grep | xargs apt-get` will change the packages your system thinks you *must* have installed. While `apt-get upgrade` will upgrade everything, it won't list some random dependency as a \"required\" package by doing so, whereas running `apt-get install <pkg>` does do that.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "565347" }, { "creationDate": "2020-01-23T19:02:39.063", "id": "2022100", "postId": "217999", "score": "0", "text": "Very helpful! \n\nThe double grep can be replaced like this: `grep \"^Inst.*securi.*\" `\nThat is, it starts with Inst and contains securi(ty).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "521447" }, { "creationDate": "2023-01-24T23:56:24.387", "id": "2535244", "postId": "217999", "score": "1", "text": "*Install security updates only* fails with an error in zsh or bash unless I add the non-interactive flag: `xargs apt install -y`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "410885" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-11-16T11:35:10.033", "id": "217999", "lastActivityDate": "2016-01-06T09:05:08.643", "lastEditDate": "2016-01-06T09:05:08.643", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "119231", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "108514", "parentId": "194", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "144" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<ul>\n<li><code>apt-get update</code>: \njust read the entries in repository - acording to existing list. Needed to check what is new.</li>\n<li><code>apt-get upgrade</code>: all updates for installed packages without kernel modules. No release update. </li>\n<li><code>apt-get dist-upgrade</code>: all updates for installed packages also with kernel modules. No release update. </li>\n<li><code>apt-get</code> with parameter <code>-s</code>: test only, no changes performed.</li>\n</ul>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2013-08-02T09:49:57.607", "id": "327776", "lastActivityDate": "2013-08-02T10:11:25.727", "lastEditDate": "2013-08-02T10:11:25.727", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "65926", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "180702", "parentId": "194", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "The following is confirmed in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS.\nUse the <code>unattended-upgrade</code> package.\nLook at the file <code>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades</code>. There should be a section at the top that is:\n<pre><code>// Automatically upgrade packages from these (origin:archive) pairs\nUnattended-Upgrade::Allowed-Origins {\n "${distro_id}:${distro_codename}-security";\n// "${distro_id}:${distro_codename}-updates";\n// "${distro_id}:${distro_codename}-proposed";\n// "${distro_id}:${distro_codename}-backports";\n};\n</code></pre>\nNote how it has been configured to only allow unattended upgrades for security packages, by default.\nModify the file <code>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/10periodic</code> similar to:\n<pre><code>APT::Periodic::Update-Package-Lists "1";\nAPT::Periodic::Download-Upgradeable-Packages "1";\nAPT::Periodic::AutocleanInterval "7";\nAPT::Periodic::Unattended-Upgrade "1";\n</code></pre>\nThis will run automatic unattended security upgrades, once per day.\nNow, to run manually: <code>sudo unattended-upgrade</code>.\nTo test as a dry-run, without doing anything: <code>sudo unattended-upgrade --dry-run</code>.\nSources: <a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/14.04/serverguide/automatic-updates.html\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">https://help.ubuntu.com/14.04/serverguide/automatic-updates.html</a> and <a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AutomaticSecurityUpdates\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AutomaticSecurityUpdates</a>\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2017-02-01T14:30:07.973", "id": "1367140", "postId": "832648", "score": "0", "text": "Is there a way to make this a monthly schedule?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "649453" }, { "creationDate": "2017-05-23T22:13:26.303", "id": "1448681", "postId": "832648", "score": "1", "text": "@mike.b93, I believe setting `APT::Periodic::Unattended-Upgrade \"30\";` Would do this--every 30 days.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "314736" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2016-10-03T17:18:26.440", "id": "832648", "lastActivityDate": "2023-09-28T08:00:50.680", "lastEditDate": "2023-09-28T08:00:50.680", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "426176", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "314736", "parentId": "194", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "14" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "On Debians I use this command to do only security updates:\n\n<pre><code>apt-get install -y --only-upgrade $( apt-get --just-print upgrade | awk 'tolower($4) ~ /.*security.*/ || tolower($5) ~ /.*security.*/ {print $2}' | sort | uniq )\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2021-02-16T18:06:50.540", "id": "2242297", "postId": "1110867", "score": "0", "text": "This (accidentally?) does not include the various linux-{modules,images,headers}-* packages. Which is prefect for my purpose, where a pretty much unattended system has an out of tree kernel module that's tedious to compile after each kernel update.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "57269" }, { "creationDate": "2021-02-18T15:36:10.743", "id": "2243358", "postId": "1110867", "score": "0", "text": "Yes, this is accidentally - I thought that security updates of `linux-*` packages also come from security repositories. But I have not checked it.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "239788" }, { "creationDate": "2021-02-23T12:13:16.560", "id": "2246062", "postId": "1110867", "score": "0", "text": "Yeah, the Long Term Support HardWare Enablement stack updates come from the *-updates repos. So there the text 'security' is not in there.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "57269" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2019-01-18T12:41:53.490", "id": "1110867", "lastActivityDate": "2019-01-18T12:41:53.490", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "239788", "parentId": "194", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "8" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Here's a script that achieves this in a few different ways:\n\n<pre class=\"lang-bsh prettyprint-override\"><code>#!/usr/bin/env bash\nset -e\n\n# List upgradable packages\napt-get update\napt list --upgradable 2>/dev/null\n# List security upgrades\ntest \"$(apt-get upgrade -s -y)\" && (apt-get upgrade -s -y)\n# List upgradable apt packages then upgrade\napt-get update && apt-get upgrade -y -V | grep '=>' | awk '{print$1}' && test \"$(apt-get upgrade -y)\"\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2024-03-20T17:00:37.593", "id": "2645969", "postId": "1160266", "score": "0", "text": "An explanation of how this is supposed to achieve the goal would be nice. Because it doesn't actually work -- it does nothing to select security upgrades only, it just does all upgrades, security or not.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "847390" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2019-07-22T21:02:54.357", "id": "1160266", "lastActivityDate": "2019-07-22T21:02:54.357", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "470931", "parentId": "194", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "If you wish to install only security updates the following will work. First it lists all upgradeable packages, filter out only the ones coming from a security repo, cut the returned strings at the first field, and then passes them to apt-get install for package update.\n<pre><code>sudo apt list --upgradable | grep security |cut -d\\/ -f1|xargs sudo apt-get install -y\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "5", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2020-08-13T10:26:53.333", "id": "2144241", "postId": "1261960", "score": "2", "text": "@keypress has a great improvement for this elegant solution: using `--only-upgrade` to make sure no new packages will be installed. I just tested it with `apt` and it works.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "20275" }, { "creationDate": "2022-03-15T10:10:28.087", "id": "2420527", "postId": "1261960", "score": "0", "text": "If I understand correctly, `sudo apt update` needs to be run beforehand, to make sure `sudo apt list` finds everything new.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "825345" }, { "creationDate": "2022-03-16T13:14:58.640", "id": "2421024", "postId": "1261960", "score": "0", "text": "Yes that's correct; apt-get update should have already been ran before being able to list any security updates.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1109250" }, { "creationDate": "2022-03-17T06:27:44.187", "id": "2421292", "postId": "1261960", "score": "0", "text": "Note that if any of the installs require interactive input (e.g. to decide if existing user-edited config files should be overwritten with new ones), then this one-liner may stop half-way through with an error (it did in my case). Might be best to omit the `|xargs sudo ...` part and just list out the packages so you can install them one-by-one (assuming there aren't tooo many)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "986830" }, { "creationDate": "2023-01-06T04:34:27.477", "id": "2529543", "postId": "1261960", "score": "0", "text": "working for me, thanks.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1662685" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2020-07-25T15:23:11.920", "id": "1261960", "lastActivityDate": "2020-07-25T15:23:11.920", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "1109250", "parentId": "194", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "12" } ]

null

198

1

null

2010-07-28T22:57:24.587

30

1747

<blockquote> Possible Duplicate: <a href="https://askubuntu.com/questions/42532/what-media-players-are-there">What Media Players Are there?</a> </blockquote> What video players do you recommend for ubuntu. Is there any video player that supports good playback of 720p videos in oldish hardware?

22

-1

2017-04-13T12:25:03.100

2011-11-11T11:23:56.023

What video players do you recommend?

[ "video", "software-recommendation", "video-player" ]

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

null

[]

2010-08-25T13:43:28.893

0

2012-03-24T07:26:45.273

null

205

1

214

2010-07-28T23:13:32.517

18

7620

From <a href="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/EnvironmentVariables#System-wide%20environment%20variables">System-wide environment variables</a>: <blockquote> <ul> <li>/etc/environment - This file is specifically meant for system-wide environment variable settings. It is not a script file, but rather consists of assignment expressions, one per line. Specifically, this file stores the system-wide locale and path settings. </li> </ul> </blockquote> I'm looking for an <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augmented_Backus%E2%80%93Naur_Form">ABNF</a> and/or a more detailed description of behaviour, or anything that isn't forum hearsay really. If it's on Google, it's eluding me.

156

169736

2014-02-28T16:06:53.180

2016-12-30T18:15:46.600

Where can I find documentation on the /etc/environment file format?

[ "environment-variables" ]

2

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "I'm not sure why this isn't made more clear, but <code>/etc/environment</code> isn't parsed by any single bit of code or any particular shell (or necessarily any shell at all) (try <code>grep -r \"/etc/environment\" /etc</code> and you'll see what I mean). <code>pam</code> in particular parses it directly, not putting it through a shell.\n\nBy convention, and I do mean convention, it's pure key-value pairs, with values optionally quoted. You can't put anything that tries to do e.g. variable expansion or command execution in there and expect it to work.\n\nI'd be surprised if you can find a strict, formal grammar definition anywhere.\n\nProbably the closest to an authoritative answer you can come is the <code>pam_env</code> docs: <a href=\"http://www.linux-pam.org/Linux-PAM-html/sag-pam_env.html\" rel=\"noreferrer\">http://www.linux-pam.org/Linux-PAM-html/sag-pam_env.html</a>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2018-06-18T12:06:42.267", "id": "1709325", "postId": "214", "score": "0", "text": "That's what \"it is not a script file\" is supposed to mean. But I guess a lot of people don't realise.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "87531" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T23:25:29.297", "id": "214", "lastActivityDate": "2014-11-27T23:04:51.553", "lastEditDate": "2014-11-27T23:04:51.553", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "57", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "57", "parentId": "205", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "16" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "You can find good information in the environ man page.\nIt is accessible from a terminal, by typing <code>man 7 environ</code> in it.\n\n<blockquote>\n By convention the strings in environ have the form \"name=value\".\n</blockquote>\n\nYou can also read it from your browser: <a href=\"http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/lucid/en/man7/environ.7.html#toptoc2\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/lucid/en/man7/environ.7.html#toptoc2</a>\n\nAnd it gives you some examples of usage and more details.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-08-13T08:24:28.903", "id": "2038", "postId": "210", "score": "2", "text": "Note that the environ(7) man page documents the format of the environment of a process, in the C API. The file `/etc/environment` is used to fill the environment of a process, but it has its own syntactic rules, as explained by Nicholas.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1059" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T23:19:16.873", "id": "210", "lastActivityDate": "2016-12-30T18:15:46.600", "lastEditDate": "2016-12-30T18:15:46.600", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "134729", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "154", "parentId": "205", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "I'm not sure why this isn't made more clear, but <code>/etc/environment</code> isn't parsed by any single bit of code or any particular shell (or necessarily any shell at all) (try <code>grep -r \"/etc/environment\" /etc</code> and you'll see what I mean). <code>pam</code> in particular parses it directly, not putting it through a shell.\n\nBy convention, and I do mean convention, it's pure key-value pairs, with values optionally quoted. You can't put anything that tries to do e.g. variable expansion or command execution in there and expect it to work.\n\nI'd be surprised if you can find a strict, formal grammar definition anywhere.\n\nProbably the closest to an authoritative answer you can come is the <code>pam_env</code> docs: <a href=\"http://www.linux-pam.org/Linux-PAM-html/sag-pam_env.html\" rel=\"noreferrer\">http://www.linux-pam.org/Linux-PAM-html/sag-pam_env.html</a>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2018-06-18T12:06:42.267", "id": "1709325", "postId": "214", "score": "0", "text": "That's what \"it is not a script file\" is supposed to mean. But I guess a lot of people don't realise.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "87531" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T23:25:29.297", "id": "214", "lastActivityDate": "2014-11-27T23:04:51.553", "lastEditDate": "2014-11-27T23:04:51.553", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "57", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "57", "parentId": "205", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "16" } ]

null

209

1

795

2010-07-28T23:15:32.293

15

11413

For example: Avant Window Navigator, Docky, DockBarX and Cairo dock.

143

null

2012-06-23T10:06:45.593

2013-01-10T20:10:39.590

What are the advantages and disadvantages of different docks?

[ "dock" ]

7

1

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T23:18:19.637", "id": "158", "postId": "209", "score": "4", "text": "This is a very subjective post, since different docks have different merits. Could it be made community wiki? Also the title could be changed to reflect that it's a post about the differences - rather than which is objectively \"the best\".", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "28" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "I personally use AWN replacing both panels because:\n\n<ul>\n<li>It has a tray area, so I can remove the panel (Docky didn't last time that I tried and was a no-go).</li>\n<li>Great performance (even in my netbook)</li>\n<li>Each applet is a different process, if one locks, AWN doesn't</li>\n<li>It's beautiful and highly customizable.</li>\n<li>Has a nice remember the milk applet, and loads of others (where loads > docky but loads < Cairo Dock).</li>\n<li>I can put it on the top or on the left of the screen (my petty favorites places).</li>\n<li>Last versions have Zeitgeist integration (icons display last and most used items)</li>\n<li>It works with python applets (fanboy disclaimer).</li>\n</ul>\n\nAnyway, I agree it's a highly subjective post and there is no such thing as a correct answer.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-12-02T15:33:44.720", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-04T14:21:08.083", "id": "795", "lastActivityDate": "2010-12-02T11:45:05.140", "lastEditDate": "2010-12-02T11:45:05.140", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "211", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "211", "parentId": "209", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "9" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "Personally I use Docky, which replaces the bottom panel containing active applications and such. \n\n<ul>\n<li>I like the Mac/Win7-style mixing of shortcuts and active applications.</li>\n<li>I'm in love with the enhancements it can give icons (for example - displaying cover art, track length in place of the Rhythmbox icon).</li>\n<li>It has support for widgets although I haven't found many available for it except the built-in ones.</li>\n<li>The same can be said for themes, although I might not have looked hard enough.</li>\n<li>It's a simple, yet configurable dock that comes with several useful plugins and looks good out of the box.</li>\n</ul>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-12-02T15:33:44.720", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T23:24:09.847", "id": "213", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T23:24:09.847", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "28", "parentId": "209", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "9" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I personally use Cairo Dock because:\n\n<ul>\n<li>It has a slew of customizable options</li>\n<li>It has good performance</li>\n<li>It works well with Compiz</li>\n</ul>\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-12-02T12:05:32.623", "id": "16690", "postId": "233", "score": "0", "text": "I do not agree...\nWith compiz and intellihide on I get strange \"shadows\" and flickering...\nMy nvidia gtx 260 has nvidia official drivers and games (and compiz alone) run great.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5938" }, { "creationDate": "2010-12-02T22:15:24.540", "id": "16784", "postId": "233", "score": "0", "text": "Are you using the latest drivers from nVidia? Because I am and am having no problems.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5" } ], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-12-02T15:33:44.720", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T00:07:37.037", "id": "233", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T00:07:37.037", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5", "parentId": "209", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "I personally use AWN replacing both panels because:\n\n<ul>\n<li>It has a tray area, so I can remove the panel (Docky didn't last time that I tried and was a no-go).</li>\n<li>Great performance (even in my netbook)</li>\n<li>Each applet is a different process, if one locks, AWN doesn't</li>\n<li>It's beautiful and highly customizable.</li>\n<li>Has a nice remember the milk applet, and loads of others (where loads > docky but loads < Cairo Dock).</li>\n<li>I can put it on the top or on the left of the screen (my petty favorites places).</li>\n<li>Last versions have Zeitgeist integration (icons display last and most used items)</li>\n<li>It works with python applets (fanboy disclaimer).</li>\n</ul>\n\nAnyway, I agree it's a highly subjective post and there is no such thing as a correct answer.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-12-02T15:33:44.720", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-04T14:21:08.083", "id": "795", "lastActivityDate": "2010-12-02T11:45:05.140", "lastEditDate": "2010-12-02T11:45:05.140", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "211", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "211", "parentId": "209", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "9" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Looking for more info on AWN, I found this article that compares AWN, Cairo Dock, and Docky. It may be of some help.\n\n<a href=\"http://www.hackourlife.com/awn-vs-cairo-dock-vs-docky-mac-style-linux-docks-reviewed/\" rel=\"nofollow\">AWN vs Cairo Dock vs Docky: Mac Style Linux Docks Reviewed</a>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2013-01-10T19:10:51.153", "id": "298588", "postId": "864", "score": "0", "text": "fixed non-working link", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "44099" } ], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-12-02T15:33:44.720", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-08-04T21:22:11.343", "id": "864", "lastActivityDate": "2013-01-10T19:10:43.620", "lastEditDate": "2013-01-10T19:10:43.620", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "44099", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "88", "parentId": "209", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "i'm using docky because it comes with pinguy os (ubuntu based) and i like how the icons jump to call your attention at certain specific moments, or how they jump if you click on them, i really don't know whats the best dock...i read that awn is better because lots of people dont want to use mono, and docky it has something related with mono, im trying in this moment awn, and i still prefer docky i hate that awn has some good options that docky doesnt.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-12-02T15:33:44.720", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-12-02T10:16:28.103", "id": "15849", "lastActivityDate": "2010-12-02T10:16:28.103", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "6822", "parentId": "209", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "cairo dock have his own session in lightDM and can work with compiz. it use same compiz profil as gnome-classic session. you can in this session load unity 2d panel and have something like unity but istend launcher and dash, you have cairo-dock.\npretty good, low resourse usage compare to unity 3d\n<a href=\"http://www.dodaj.rs/f/1w/zP/25TEZzyh/screenshot-at-2012-10-24.png\" rel=\"nofollow\">look in the link</a>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2012-11-18T08:40:26.947", "id": "270386", "postId": "212198", "score": "0", "text": "Whilst this may theoretically answer the question, [it would be preferable](http://meta.stackexchange.com/q/8259) to include the essential parts of the answer here, and provide the link for reference.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "77178" } ], "communityOwnedDate": "2012-11-05T14:24:36.883", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-11-05T14:24:36.883", "id": "212198", "lastActivityDate": "2012-11-05T14:24:36.883", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "63704", "parentId": "209", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "AWN is fantastic, but it seems to be being removed from the main distributions latest versions. Hope it gets supported again.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": "2013-01-10T20:10:39.590", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2013-01-10T20:10:39.590", "id": "239700", "lastActivityDate": "2013-01-10T20:10:39.590", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "115449", "parentId": "209", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" } ]

2010-12-02T15:33:44.720

null

2013-01-11T22:34:39.530

user70540

null

212

1

17994

2010-07-28T23:22:00.537

4

2030

I'm looking to install drivers for my "Brother HL-2170W" network printer. I can't seem to find the correct driver on the Brother site. Any help would be appreciated. I'm running on Ubuntu 10.04.1 LTS x86_64.

170

null

2010-12-18T03:37:20.747

Where can I find the Brother HL-2170W 64-bit printer driver?

[ "drivers", "printing" ]

4

1

CC BY-SA 2.5

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T01:19:57.263", "id": "180", "postId": "212", "score": "0", "text": "I don't have a detailed answer for you in the context of Ubuntu, never actually having dealt with its printing support (!), but on other systems with Brother brand printers, I've had excellent luck with the CUPS drivers (which should be available for Ubuntu).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "57" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "This guy at: <a href=\"http://mikebeach.org/2010/06/ubuntu-and-brother-hl-2170w/\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://mikebeach.org/2010/06/ubuntu-and-brother-hl-2170w/</a>\nsays there is a problem in 10.04 with a fault in the cups drivers, at least for the HL-2170W. \n\nText worked okay but printing graphics took a long time. This was true for me. I followed his advice precisely and now my pdf files are printing great. I have only tested one page, probably should test a few more complex graphics but for now I'm a very happy camper. So I wanted to share the wealth.\n\nLots of other people on the ubuntu forums seem to be complaining about slow printing so I suspect that it is not only the HL-2170W printer driver that is bad. But step 8 in his instruction list will need to be changed, I think for printers other than HL-2170W.\n\nHope this helps.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-12-18T03:37:20.747", "id": "17994", "lastActivityDate": "2010-12-18T03:37:20.747", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": "A Aman", "ownerUserId": null, "parentId": "212", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "I don't have any experience with this printer, but from what I've found it either \"just works\" when you plug it in using USB; if you'd like it to communicate over a network it needs to be configured and there is only software for Windows or Mac. This means you'll need to either use a Windows or Mac computer or VM to configure it, and then be able to use it from Ubuntu.\n\nFrom <a href=\"http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1389914\" rel=\"nofollow\">UbuntuForums.org</a>:\n\n<blockquote>\n I have that printer. WHen hooked up with USB, it just works, however, the printer does not have a control panel built in and requires Windows or Mac based software to configure it for use with a wireless network. I used Windows XP in VirtualBox to configure it, the printer configuration in Ubuntu was able to see it on the wireless network and connected just as easily as it did via USB. Its a great printer, just sucks that you have to use windows to configure the network...\n</blockquote>\n\n(<a href=\"http://ubuntuforums.org/showpost.php?p=8721426&postcount=6\" rel=\"nofollow\">source</a>)\n\nFrom <a href=\"http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=897227\" rel=\"nofollow\">another thread</a> I found a link to a PPD file that can be used to install your printer, however those posters were using Ubuntu 8.04, although it could be worth trying.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T23:45:13.477", "id": "165", "postId": "217", "score": "0", "text": "I've got it configured through Ubuntu by installing the printer from the PPD file from Brother -> Brother-HL-2170W-pxlmono.ppd, for network printing. \n\nPrinting anything takes around 1-3 minutes, even for basic printing. I thought this was a driver issue and wanted to get the correct driver from Brother - which would hopefully solve the slow printing problem.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "170" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T23:36:48.047", "id": "217", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T23:36:48.047", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "28", "parentId": "212", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Without any specific knowledge of this printer -- does the printer support Postscript?\n\nIf so you can try a generic ps driver.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T01:16:25.570", "id": "239", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T01:16:25.570", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "186", "parentId": "212", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I've (mostly) solved this problem, by doing something simple. I went into printer properties and changed the \"Device URI\". I chose \"LPD/LPR Host or Printer\" and used my ip address instead of one of the network printers Ubuntu suggests. \n\nThis solves my general printing slowness as pages go to the printer immediately. The only exception is PDFs that still take a while to print.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T01:59:20.337", "id": "245", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T01:59:20.337", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "170", "parentId": "212", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "This guy at: <a href=\"http://mikebeach.org/2010/06/ubuntu-and-brother-hl-2170w/\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://mikebeach.org/2010/06/ubuntu-and-brother-hl-2170w/</a>\nsays there is a problem in 10.04 with a fault in the cups drivers, at least for the HL-2170W. \n\nText worked okay but printing graphics took a long time. This was true for me. I followed his advice precisely and now my pdf files are printing great. I have only tested one page, probably should test a few more complex graphics but for now I'm a very happy camper. So I wanted to share the wealth.\n\nLots of other people on the ubuntu forums seem to be complaining about slow printing so I suspect that it is not only the HL-2170W printer driver that is bad. But step 8 in his instruction list will need to be changed, I think for printers other than HL-2170W.\n\nHope this helps.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-12-18T03:37:20.747", "id": "17994", "lastActivityDate": "2010-12-18T03:37:20.747", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": "A Aman", "ownerUserId": null, "parentId": "212", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" } ]

null

218

1

6649

2010-07-28T23:40:18.977

199

461177

Is there a command to list services that run on startup? I imagine it would involve parsing <code>/etc/init.d/</code>, and the various <code>/etc/rc.*</code> directories.

174

518700

2018-04-22T18:48:37.053

2021-10-29T00:26:24.143

Command to list services that start on startup?

[ "services", "upstart", "systemd", "init.d" ]

9

0

CC BY-SA 3.0

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "You can simply use the <code>initctl list</code> shell command to list the contents of <code>/etc/init</code> rather than the suggested <code>dbus-send</code> command.\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2019-08-15T19:12:56.293", "id": "1944310", "postId": "6649", "score": "12", "text": "Does this work in Ubuntu 18.04? I get \"initctl: command not found\" (in bash)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "69348" }, { "creationDate": "2019-12-18T11:55:52.057", "id": "2005750", "postId": "6649", "score": "8", "text": "`initctl list` does not found on Ubuntu 19.10", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1008966" }, { "creationDate": "2020-03-03T08:41:12.453", "id": "2040792", "postId": "6649", "score": "4", "text": "@RémyHosseinkhanBoucher For more recent version of Ubuntu https://askubuntu.com/a/1167921/988056", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "988056" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-10-13T02:04:43.850", "id": "6649", "lastActivityDate": "2014-01-10T21:33:07.120", "lastEditDate": "2014-01-10T21:33:07.120", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "23878", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "3694", "parentId": "218", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "114" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "The <code>/etc/init.d</code> and <code>/etc/rc.*</code> directories have been superseded by the '<code>upstart</code>' init tool. Although scripts in these directories will be executed as expected, the new method for running things on init is defined by files in <code>/etc/init/</code>\n\nYou can list all of the upstart jobs with by querying upstart over dbus:\n\n<pre><code>dbus-send --print-reply --system --dest=com.ubuntu.Upstart \\\n /com/ubuntu/Upstart com.ubuntu.Upstart0_6.GetAllJobs\n</code></pre>\n\nYou may have to change <code>0_6</code> to reflect the version of upstart you have. This command works on my lucid install.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-02-24T04:48:32.707", "id": "30810", "postId": "265", "score": "3", "text": "@Eric H: Could your set the answer below as correct instead - `initctl list` is much nicer than this dbus command. I'd like to leave this answer here for reference (rather than deleting it completely) though.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "192" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T03:30:57.473", "id": "265", "lastActivityDate": "2014-01-10T21:35:10.800", "lastEditDate": "2014-01-10T21:35:10.800", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "23878", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "192", "parentId": "218", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "13" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "You can simply use the <code>initctl list</code> shell command to list the contents of <code>/etc/init</code> rather than the suggested <code>dbus-send</code> command.\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2019-08-15T19:12:56.293", "id": "1944310", "postId": "6649", "score": "12", "text": "Does this work in Ubuntu 18.04? I get \"initctl: command not found\" (in bash)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "69348" }, { "creationDate": "2019-12-18T11:55:52.057", "id": "2005750", "postId": "6649", "score": "8", "text": "`initctl list` does not found on Ubuntu 19.10", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1008966" }, { "creationDate": "2020-03-03T08:41:12.453", "id": "2040792", "postId": "6649", "score": "4", "text": "@RémyHosseinkhanBoucher For more recent version of Ubuntu https://askubuntu.com/a/1167921/988056", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "988056" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-10-13T02:04:43.850", "id": "6649", "lastActivityDate": "2014-01-10T21:33:07.120", "lastEditDate": "2014-01-10T21:33:07.120", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "23878", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "3694", "parentId": "218", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "114" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "If you want a nice graphical representation of services and time it takes to boot try:\n<pre><code>sudo apt install bootchart\n</code></pre>\nFor systemd (since 16.04) try <a href=\"https://github.com/systemd/systemd-bootchart/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">systemd-bootchart</a> instead:\n<pre><code>sudo apt install systemd-bootchart\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2010-10-13T03:39:08.087", "id": "6667", "lastActivityDate": "2021-10-29T00:26:24.143", "lastEditDate": "2021-10-29T00:26:24.143", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "349837", "ownerDisplayName": "john", "ownerUserId": null, "parentId": "218", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "12" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "On 12.04 we could use:\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install chkconfig\nchkconfig --list\n</code></pre>\n\nbut it was <a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/221293/why-is-chkconfig-no-longer-available-in-ubuntu\">removed in 12.10</a>.\n\nSample output:\n\n<pre><code>acpi-support 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off\nacpid 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off\napparmor 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off S:on\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2015-04-24T07:21:53.377", "id": "863375", "postId": "430181", "score": "2", "text": "Doesn't work in Ubuntu. http://packages.ubuntu.com/search?suite=trusty&section=all&arch=any&keywords=chkconfig&searchon=names", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "367165" }, { "creationDate": "2015-04-24T07:58:37.163", "id": "863405", "postId": "430181", "score": "0", "text": "@A.B. thanks for letting me know! It is rare for downvoters to comment nowadays: it requires courage and allows me to learn. updated with the version it works in.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "52975" }, { "creationDate": "2015-04-24T07:59:14.790", "id": "863407", "postId": "430181", "score": "0", "text": "On Precise: http://packages.ubuntu.com/precise/chkconfig", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "52975" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2014-03-06T06:26:45.113", "id": "430181", "lastActivityDate": "2015-04-24T07:54:55.270", "lastEditDate": "2017-04-13T12:23:56.097", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "52975", "parentId": "218", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "9" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Id use <code>initctl show-config <servicename></code> to really get the details of when/if your service will start during boot.\n\nLike so:\n\n<pre><code>$ initctl show-config myservice\nmyservice\n start on runlevel [2345]\n stop on runlevel [!2345]\n</code></pre>\n\nOr for NFS4 idmap-daemon:\n\n<pre><code>$ initctl show-config idmapd\nidmapd\n start on (local-filesystems or mounting TYPE=nfs4)\n stop on runlevel [06]\n</code></pre>\n\nchkconfig is only preferable on RedHat based systems imho.\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2016-09-08T15:35:04.777", "id": "1248922", "postId": "500581", "score": "1", "text": "This is the correct answer. I have no idea why all the wrong and incomplete answers are so highly upvoted.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "13217" }, { "creationDate": "2016-12-12T12:59:55.720", "id": "1325690", "postId": "500581", "score": "1", "text": "This doenst work for people using SysV, I agree this it a good answer but it is incomplete.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "592659" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2014-07-21T10:46:43.787", "id": "500581", "lastActivityDate": "2014-07-21T10:46:43.787", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "307640", "parentId": "218", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "11" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "The quick answer is: It depends on your <code>init</code> system.\nThe long answer is: For current versions of Ubuntu, you probably have a mix of <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upstart\" rel=\"noreferrer\">Upstart</a>, and <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX_System_V\" rel=\"noreferrer\">SystemV</a>. Newer versions of Ubuntu after 15.04 "Vivid Vervet" (and other Linux distros like RHEL/CentOS 7) are moving to use <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemd\" rel=\"noreferrer\">SystemD</a>.\n<h1>Upstart</h1>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://upstart.ubuntu.com/cookbook/\" rel=\"noreferrer\">Upstart Documentation</a></li>\n</ul>\nTo list all services:\n<pre><code>sudo initctl list\n</code></pre>\nTo list all Upstart services and run <code>initctl show-config</code> on them, this one-liner may be helpful:\n<pre><code>sudo initctl list | awk '{ print $1 }' | xargs -n1 initctl show-config\n</code></pre>\n<h1>System V</h1>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/Installation_Guide/s1-boot-init-shutdown-sysv.html\" rel=\"noreferrer\">SysV Runlevels Documentation</a></li>\n</ul>\nTo list all services:\n<pre><code>sudo service --status-all\n</code></pre>\nOR:\n<pre><code># for init scripts:\nls /etc/init.d/\n\n# for runlevel symlinks:\nls /etc/rc*.d/\n</code></pre>\n<h1>SystemD</h1>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://wiki.ubuntu.com/SystemdForUpstartUsers\" rel=\"noreferrer\">SystemD for Upstart Users</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd#systemd_documentation\" rel=\"noreferrer\">FedoraProject SystemD Documentation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/7/html/System_Administrators_Guide/chap-Managing_Services_with_systemd.html\" rel=\"noreferrer\">RHEL 7: Managing Services with SystemD</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://access.redhat.com/articles/754933\" rel=\"noreferrer\">RedHat: SystemD Overview</a></li>\n</ul>\nTo list all services:\n<pre><code>sudo systemctl --all list-unit-files --type=service\n</code></pre>\nOR:\n<pre><code>ls /lib/systemd/system/*.service /etc/systemd/system/*.service\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "6", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2016-12-06T13:02:08.813", "id": "1321416", "postId": "678872", "score": "19", "text": "This should be the accepted answer.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "188249" }, { "creationDate": "2019-04-18T21:35:53.313", "id": "1881600", "postId": "678872", "score": "4", "text": "`service --status-all` does NOT show whether services are enabled to start on boot, at least not on Ubuntu 16. It shows whether services are *currently running* or not.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "457111" }, { "creationDate": "2019-05-23T16:30:08.193", "id": "1901720", "postId": "678872", "score": "1", "text": "I had to `sudo service --status-all` to get _all_ of the services to show up. A few were hidden when I only ran `service --status-all` on a non-root account.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "959073" }, { "creationDate": "2019-06-11T19:56:17.163", "id": "1912022", "postId": "678872", "score": "0", "text": "@Phlucious : Thanks for mentioning that. I assumed it was well known that these commands are usually run as root (`systemctl`, `service`, `initctl`...) as they are usually considered system administration commands.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "19264" }, { "creationDate": "2020-08-14T04:53:28.420", "id": "2144694", "postId": "678872", "score": "0", "text": "`service --status-all` This command worked in my `debian` box too", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1099366" }, { "creationDate": "2021-10-29T07:15:35.197", "id": "2360541", "postId": "678872", "score": "0", "text": "The OP asked for services starting on startup, so you need the `--state enabled` bit to systemctl. And as man page state `service --status-all` will return if they are running or not, not if they are set to run on startup", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "349837" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2015-09-27T03:49:10.327", "id": "678872", "lastActivityDate": "2021-10-26T03:08:44.167", "lastEditDate": "2021-10-26T03:08:44.167", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "835941", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "19264", "parentId": "218", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "197" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Using gawk:\n\n<pre><code>ls -l /etc/rc*.d/* | gawk 'match($0, /rc([0-6S]).d.*\\/(.*)$/, a) {l[a[2]]=l[a[2]]a[1]\",\"}; END{for(v in l){print v,substr(l[v],1,length(l[v])-1)}}'\n</code></pre>\n\nSample output:\n\n<pre><code>$ ls -l /etc/rc*.d/* | gawk 'match($0, /rc([0-6S]).d.*\\/(.*)$/, a) {l[a[2]]=l[a[2]]a[1]\",\"}; END{for(v in l){print v,substr(l[v],1,length(l[v])-1)}}' | egrep README\nREADME 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,S\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2017-01-07T16:04:14.463", "id": "869113", "lastActivityDate": "2017-01-07T17:41:15.420", "lastEditDate": "2017-01-07T17:41:15.420", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "158442", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "639497", "parentId": "218", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "-1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Besides system services and scripts under:\n\n<blockquote>\n /etc/init.d/ \n /lib/systemd/system/ \n /etc/systemd/system/\n</blockquote>\n\nThere are probably AutoStart Applications too, for example:\n\n<pre><code>find / -name \"*autostart*\"\n\nls -1 \"/etc/xdg/autostart\" \"/home/$USER/.config/autostart\" \"/usr/share/gdm/autostart\" \"/usr/share/gnome/autostart\"\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2019-01-29T09:37:21.677", "id": "1113766", "lastActivityDate": "2019-01-29T09:37:21.677", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "670392", "parentId": "218", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "For Ubuntu 18.04 use :\n<pre><code>systemctl list-units --type=service\n</code></pre>\ninstead of <code>initctl</code>.\nSince Ubuntu 16.04, <code>initctl</code> has been replaced by <code>systemd</code> (<a href=\"https://www.linuxtricks.fr/wiki/systemd-les-commandes-essentielles\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">source</a>, in French).\nIf it can <a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/218/command-to-list-services-that-start-on-startup#comment1944310_6649\">help @sanjay-manohar</a>.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2019-08-23T13:17:33.077", "id": "1167921", "lastActivityDate": "2021-10-29T00:22:59.090", "lastEditDate": "2021-10-29T00:22:59.090", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "349837", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "988056", "parentId": "218", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "15" } ]

null

219

1

223

2010-07-28T23:43:50.343

36

28298

What license does Ubuntu fall into (GPL, MIT, a mix)? Would it be legal to modify it and redistribute my modified version?

154

62

2010-07-29T00:58:38.557

2018-03-03T08:48:07.113

Under what license is Ubuntu? Can it be legally modified and distributed?

[ "license", "permissions", "gpl" ]

6

4

CC BY-SA 2.5

[ { "creationDate": "2011-11-15T21:09:03.710", "id": "89812", "postId": "219", "score": "0", "text": "With the existence of unofficial Ubuntu-based distros like Linux Mint and elementary OS, I'd imagine this should be legal, but I'm not exactly sure how one would go about it so as not to face potential problems.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "18612" }, { "creationDate": "2011-11-15T21:24:51.500", "id": "89818", "postId": "219", "score": "0", "text": "thanks for the update what do you mean by `how one would go about it so as not to face potential problems`?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "33974" }, { "creationDate": "2011-11-15T21:36:23.840", "id": "89822", "postId": "219", "score": "0", "text": "That would be your question. I'm just saying I'm wondering the same thing.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "18612" }, { "creationDate": "2011-11-15T21:54:40.850", "id": "89836", "postId": "219", "score": "0", "text": "@WarriorIng64 oh thanks, my english is no good", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "33974" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Ubuntu is under a mix of licenses, each individual package has its copy right file under /usr/share/doc/PACKAGE/copyright, e.g. /usr/share/doc/gnome-panel/copyright\nAll packages in main & universe are free software & can be modified & redistributed - restricted & multiverse packages fall under other licenses which may not allow this.\n\nSee <a href=\"http://www.ubuntu.com/project/about-ubuntu/licensing\">http://www.ubuntu.com/project/about-ubuntu/licensing</a> for more details\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T00:36:44.950", "id": "173", "postId": "223", "score": "2", "text": "Also, both Ubuntu logo and the name are copyrighted by Canonical - there is a Trademark Policy one has to follow here: http://www.ubuntu.com/aboutus/trademarkpolicy", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "182" }, { "creationDate": "2010-11-03T00:48:44.977", "id": "11374", "postId": "223", "score": "3", "text": "trademarked ≠ copyrighted ;)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "935" }, { "creationDate": "2016-06-12T08:19:45.977", "id": "1179173", "postId": "223", "score": "0", "text": "the link http://www.ubuntu.com/desktop says Ubuntu is open source. But note that anthing Open Source means its SOURCE is open! True that ubuntu is a combination of large amount of free and open source software but that DOES NOT make Ubuntu open source because even though those softwares are open source, the source code for UBUNTU is no where to be found!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "246261" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T23:53:14.583", "id": "223", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T23:53:14.583", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "129", "parentId": "219", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "25" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "It's a mix. Each package may be licensed under different terms. \n\nIt's generally legal to modify it and redistribute every package in main and universe, some packages may have restrictions on this, for example the firefox name and logo are trademarked so cannot be used without permission from Mozilla.\n\nYou can look at individual packages licences in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T23:52:00.250", "id": "222", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T23:52:00.250", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "178", "parentId": "219", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "Ubuntu is under a mix of licenses, each individual package has its copy right file under /usr/share/doc/PACKAGE/copyright, e.g. /usr/share/doc/gnome-panel/copyright\nAll packages in main & universe are free software & can be modified & redistributed - restricted & multiverse packages fall under other licenses which may not allow this.\n\nSee <a href=\"http://www.ubuntu.com/project/about-ubuntu/licensing\">http://www.ubuntu.com/project/about-ubuntu/licensing</a> for more details\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T00:36:44.950", "id": "173", "postId": "223", "score": "2", "text": "Also, both Ubuntu logo and the name are copyrighted by Canonical - there is a Trademark Policy one has to follow here: http://www.ubuntu.com/aboutus/trademarkpolicy", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "182" }, { "creationDate": "2010-11-03T00:48:44.977", "id": "11374", "postId": "223", "score": "3", "text": "trademarked ≠ copyrighted ;)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "935" }, { "creationDate": "2016-06-12T08:19:45.977", "id": "1179173", "postId": "223", "score": "0", "text": "the link http://www.ubuntu.com/desktop says Ubuntu is open source. But note that anthing Open Source means its SOURCE is open! True that ubuntu is a combination of large amount of free and open source software but that DOES NOT make Ubuntu open source because even though those softwares are open source, the source code for UBUNTU is no where to be found!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "246261" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T23:53:14.583", "id": "223", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T23:53:14.583", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "129", "parentId": "219", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "25" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "It is entirely legal.\nExamples of custom Ubuntu's that are released:\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.linuxmint.com/faq.php\" rel=\"noreferrer\">Linux Mint</a>\n</li>\n<li><a href=\"http://elementaryos.org/\" rel=\"noreferrer\">Elementary OS</a>\n</li>\n</ul>\nAlso, Ubuntu itself wouldn't be in existence <a href=\"http://www.ubuntu.com/project/about-ubuntu/ubuntu-and-debian\" rel=\"noreferrer\">if it wasn't for Debian.</a>\n<a href=\"https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Debian\" rel=\"noreferrer\">More on that relationship here</a>\nThere is a <a href=\"http://www.ubuntu.com/project/about-ubuntu/licensing\" rel=\"noreferrer\">page on Ubuntu licensing</a>, in particular:\n<blockquote>\nSoftware installed by default\nWhen you install Ubuntu, you will typically install a complete desktop\nenvironment. It is also possible to install a minimal set of software\n(just enough to boot your machine) and then manually select the\nprecise software applications to install. Such a "custom" install is\nusually favoured by server administrators, who prefer to keep only the\nsoftware they absolutely need on the server. All of the application\nsoftware installed by default is free software. In addition, we\ninstall some hardware drivers that are available only in binary\nformat, but such packages are clearly marked in the restricted\ncomponent.\n</blockquote>\n(emphasis mine)\nThere is the problem of Ubuntu Branding.\nThe trademark policy explains this:\n<blockquote>\nPermitted use Certain usages of the Trademarks are fine and no\nspecific permission from us is needed.\n<h2>Community advocacy.</h2>\nUbuntu is built by, and largely for, its community. We share access to the\nTrademarks with the entire community for the purposes of discussion,\ndevelopment and advocacy.\nWe recognise that most of the open source\ndiscussion and development areas are for non-commercial purposes and\nwill allow the use of the trademarks in this context, provided: the\nTrademark is used in a manner consistent with the Usage Guidelines\nbelow there is no commercial intent behind the use what you are\nreferring to is in fact Ubuntu. If someone is confused into thinking\nthat what isn't Ubuntu is in fact Ubuntu, you are probably doing\nsomething wrong there is no suggestion (through words or appearance)\nthat your project is approved, sponsored, or affiliated with Ubuntu or\nits related projects unless it actually has been approved by and is\naccountable to the Ubuntu Community Council\n</blockquote>\nSo (in this non-lawyers opinion), as long as you make it clear that this is a <code>Ubuntu derivative </code> (similar to how Ubuntu is based on Debian), you're fine.\nHowever, I am NOT a lawyer, so this could be a flawed interpretation.\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-11-15T22:49:09.293", "id": "89854", "postId": "79630", "score": "5", "text": "Is there any problem with including Ubuntu branding (assuming joel hasn't taken it out)?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "8724" }, { "creationDate": "2011-11-15T22:56:16.137", "id": "89856", "postId": "79630", "score": "0", "text": "@zpletan Ooh, good question. Not sure, I'll have to take a look into that.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "6005" }, { "creationDate": "2011-11-16T00:50:01.200", "id": "89909", "postId": "79630", "score": "3", "text": "@zpletan Yes, there are further restrictions on the Ubuntu branding depending on what you are doing with it: http://www.ubuntu.com/aboutus/trademarkpolicy", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4303" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-11-15T22:15:57.937", "id": "79630", "lastActivityDate": "2011-11-16T14:26:31.010", "lastEditDate": "2020-06-12T14:37:07.210", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "6005", "parentId": "219", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "25" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "from <a href=\"http://www.ubuntu.com/project/about-ubuntu/licensing\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">http://www.ubuntu.com/project/about-ubuntu/licensing</a>\n\n<blockquote>\n Ubuntu is a collection of thousands of computer programs and\n documents created by a range of individuals, teams and companies.\n \n Each of these programs may come under a different licence. This\n licence policy describes the process that we follow in determining\n which software will be included by default in the Ubuntu operating\n system.\n \n Copyright licensing and trademarks are two different areas of law, and\n we consider them separately in Ubuntu. The following policy applies\n only to copyright licences. We evaluate trademarks on a case-by-case\n basis.\n \n Categories of software in Ubuntu\n \n The thousands of software packages available for Ubuntu are organized\n into four key groups or components: main, restricted, universe and\n multiverse. Software is published in one of these components based\n on whether or not it meets our free software philosophy, and the level\n of support we can provide for it.\n \n This policy only addresses the software that you will find in main and\n restricted, which contain software that is fully supported by the\n Ubuntu team and must comply with this policy.\n \n Ubuntu 'main' component licence policy\n \n All application software included in the Ubuntu main component:\n \n Must include source code. The main component has a strict and\n non-negotiable requirement that application software included in it\n must come with full source code.\n \n Must allow modification and distribution of modified copies under the\n same licence. Just having the source code does not convey the same\n freedom as having the right to change it. Without the ability to\n modify software, the Ubuntu community cannot support software, fix\n bugs, translate it, or improve it.\n \n Ubuntu 'main' and 'restricted' component licence policy\n \n All application software in both main and restricted must meet the\n following requirements: Must allow redistribution. Your right to sell\n or give away the software alone, or as part of an aggregate software\n distribution, is important because: You, the user, must be able to\n pass on any software you have received from Ubuntu in either source\n code or compiled form.\n \n While Ubuntu will not charge licence fees for this distribution,\n you might want to charge to print Ubuntu CDs, or create your own\n customised versions of Ubuntu which you sell, and should have the\n freedom to do so.\n \n Must not require royalty payments or any other fee for\n redistribution or modification.It's important that you can exercise\n your rights to this software without having to pay for the privilege,\n and that you can pass these rights on to other people on exactly the\n same basis.\n \n Must allow these rights to be passed on along with the software. You\n should be able to have exactly the same rights to the software as we\n do.\n \n Must not discriminate against persons, groups or against fields of\n endeavour. The licence of software included in Ubuntu can not\n discriminate against anyone or any group of users and cannot restrict\n users from using the software for a particular field of endeavour - a\n business for example. So we will not distribute software that is\n licensed \"freely for non-commercial use\".\n \n Must not be distributed under a licence specific to Ubuntu. The\n rights attached to the software must not depend on the program being\n part of Ubuntu system. So we will not distribute software for which\n Ubuntu has a \"special\" exemption or right, and we will not put our own\n software into Ubuntu and then refuse you the right to pass it on.\n \n Must not contaminate other software licences.The licence must not\n place restrictions on other software that is distributed along with\n it. For example, the licence must not insist that all other programmes\n distributed on the same medium be free software. May require source\n modifications to be distributed as patches. In some cases, software\n authors are happy for us to distribute their software and\n modifications to their software, as long as the two are distributed\n separately, so that people always have a copy of their pristine code.\n We are happy to respect this preference. However, the licence must\n explicitly permit distribution of software built from modified source\n code.\n \n Documentation, firmware and drivers\n \n Ubuntu contains licensed and copyrighted works that are not\n application software. For example, the default Ubuntu installation\n includes documentation, images, sounds, video clips and firmware. The\n Ubuntu community will make decisions on the inclusion of these works\n on a case-by-case basis, ensuring that these works do not restrict our\n ability to make Ubuntu available free of charge, and that you can\n continue to redistribute Ubuntu.\n \n Software installed by default\n \n When you install Ubuntu, you will typically install a complete desktop\n environment. It is also possible to install a minimal set of software\n (just enough to boot your machine) and then manually select the\n precise software applications to install. Such a \"custom\" install is\n usually favored by server administrators, who prefer to keep only the\n software they absolutely need on the server.\n \n All of the application software installed by default is free\n software. In addition, we install some hardware drivers that are\n available only in binary format, but such packages are clearly marked\n in the restricted component.\n</blockquote>\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2012-05-04T01:45:52.757", "id": "156303", "postId": "131161", "score": "1", "text": "So the iso that we download from Ubuntu does not have a license on its own? I don't think so.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "57073" }, { "creationDate": "2012-05-04T01:56:04.007", "id": "156307", "postId": "131161", "score": "0", "text": "yup we can't say ubuntu includes firefox and gedit ,license of firefox is Mozilla public license and license of gedit is gpl then how can we say the exact license?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "39372" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-05-04T01:44:55.903", "id": "131161", "lastActivityDate": "2018-03-03T08:48:07.113", "lastEditDate": "2018-03-03T08:48:07.113", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "39372", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "39372", "parentId": "219", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "According to wikipedia, Ubuntu for the most part is GPL Licensed: \n\n<blockquote>\n The only exceptions are some proprietary hardware drivers.[24] The\n main license used is the GNU General Public License (GNU GPL) which,\n along with the GNU Lesser General Public License (GNU LGPL),\n explicitly declares that users are free to run, copy, distribute,\n study, change, develop and improve the software. On the other hand,\n there is also proprietary software available that can run on Ubuntu.\n</blockquote>\n\nSource: <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubuntu_(operating_system)#Features\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubuntu_(operating_system)#Features</a>\n\nThere are specific packages that aren't included (e.g. restricted drivers) that provide different licensing.\n\nOn the official <a href=\"http://www.ubuntu.com/project/about-ubuntu/licensing\" rel=\"nofollow\">ubuntu.org website</a>, you can also find more on this topic.\n\nIt also explicitly indicates that there are 4 types of licenses offered in ubuntu packages: \n\n<blockquote>\n The thousands of software packages available for Ubuntu are organised\n into four key groups or components: main, restricted, universe and\n multiverse. Software is published in one of these components based on\n whether or not it meets our free software philosophy, and the level of\n support we can provide for it.\n</blockquote>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-05-04T01:47:19.257", "id": "131163", "lastActivityDate": "2012-05-04T01:47:19.257", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "19689", "parentId": "219", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<a href=\"http://www.ubuntu.com/project/about-ubuntu/licensing\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://www.ubuntu.com/project/about-ubuntu/licensing</a>\n\nAs per this link, Ubuntu is a collection of a number of computer programs and each one of them may come under a different license.\n\nAs far as I know, the underlying Linux kernel is released under GNU GPL version 2:\n\n<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_kernel\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_kernel</a>\n\nAnd if you want to look up the license agreement for each one of the programs, then you can find it on a Ubuntu machine at this location:\n\n<pre><code>/usr/share/doc/*/copyright\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-05-04T01:47:55.077", "id": "131164", "lastActivityDate": "2012-05-04T02:07:04.523", "lastEditDate": "2012-05-04T02:07:04.523", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "35014", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "35014", "parentId": "219", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" } ]

null

221

1

232

2010-07-28T23:48:45.060

39

85362

To update my server I use <code>apt-get upgrade</code>. But when there are kernel updates I always need to do <code>apt-get install linux-....</code> because <code>apt-get update</code> does not install them. Is there a way I can tell it to install those too? I tried -f but it does not work.

154

null

2012-06-23T10:13:54.970

2017-09-26T07:04:30.243

How to force installation of kernel updates when using apt-get upgrade?

[ "apt", "kernel", "upgrade", "package-management" ]

3

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T23:53:18.813", "id": "166", "postId": "221", "score": "1", "text": "`apt-get upgrade` installs new kernels for me if there is one. What Ubuntu version are you using? The only thing I have up to check right now is 10.04...", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "57" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-28T23:57:24.187", "id": "167", "postId": "221", "score": "1", "text": "10.04 also, it tells me \"These updates are kept from being upgraded\" (translated from French). and it lists the linux updates.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "154" }, { "creationDate": "2013-10-09T15:51:44.100", "id": "455952", "postId": "221", "score": "0", "text": "spotted this in xubuntu 13.04 safe-upgrade worked :D", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "8910" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "So, with regard to the comments: Sorry, you were right, I was completely mis-reading what apt-get was telling me (and I'm using the English version! :)).\n\nAfter a little research, what you probably want to use is <code>aptitude safe-upgrade</code>, which does install new kernels. Really! I double checked! :)\n\nYou should probably prefer <code>aptitude</code> in general to <code>apt-get</code> anyway, unless you specifically need something in <code>apt-get</code>.\n\n<pre><code>nknight@nkubuntu1004:~$ sudo aptitude safe-upgrade\nReading package lists... Done\nBuilding dependency tree \nReading state information... Done\nReading extended state information \nInitializing package states... Done\nResolving dependencies...\nResolving dependencies...\nThe following NEW packages will be installed:\n linux-headers-2.6.32-24{a} linux-headers-2.6.32-24-generic{a} linux-image-2.6.32-24-generic{a} \nThe following packages will be upgraded:\n apt apt-transport-https apt-utils base-files firefox firefox-branding firefox-gnome-support gdm google-chrome-stable \n icedtea-6-jre-cacao linux-generic linux-headers-generic linux-image-generic linux-libc-dev openjdk-6-jre openjdk-6-jre-headless \n openjdk-6-jre-lib software-center thunderbird ureadahead xulrunner-1.9.2 \n21 packages upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.\nNeed to get 129MB of archives. After unpacking 188MB will be used.\nDo you want to continue? [Y/n/?] \n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T10:48:35.493", "id": "261", "postId": "232", "score": "1", "text": "Also cite the man page: It is sometimes necessary to remove one package in order to upgrade another; this command is not able to upgrade packages in such situations. Use the full-upgrade command to upgrade as many packages as possible.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "154" }, { "creationDate": "2010-09-06T23:08:21.233", "id": "3771", "postId": "232", "score": "4", "text": "aptitude will be removed from the default installation of future versions of both debian and ubuntu. Apt-get is again the preferred tool for installing packages", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1958" }, { "creationDate": "2013-11-04T05:49:36.273", "id": "473988", "postId": "232", "score": "0", "text": "Yes, I didn't find aptitude in `12.04`. So I installed aptitude and ran `aptitude safe-upgrade`, it's also doing the same thing as apt-get upgrade. No kernel version are installed!(but I could see new kernel version available in synaptic package manager(gui)).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "3215" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T00:07:05.070", "id": "232", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T00:07:05.070", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "57", "parentId": "221", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "20" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "So, with regard to the comments: Sorry, you were right, I was completely mis-reading what apt-get was telling me (and I'm using the English version! :)).\n\nAfter a little research, what you probably want to use is <code>aptitude safe-upgrade</code>, which does install new kernels. Really! I double checked! :)\n\nYou should probably prefer <code>aptitude</code> in general to <code>apt-get</code> anyway, unless you specifically need something in <code>apt-get</code>.\n\n<pre><code>nknight@nkubuntu1004:~$ sudo aptitude safe-upgrade\nReading package lists... Done\nBuilding dependency tree \nReading state information... Done\nReading extended state information \nInitializing package states... Done\nResolving dependencies...\nResolving dependencies...\nThe following NEW packages will be installed:\n linux-headers-2.6.32-24{a} linux-headers-2.6.32-24-generic{a} linux-image-2.6.32-24-generic{a} \nThe following packages will be upgraded:\n apt apt-transport-https apt-utils base-files firefox firefox-branding firefox-gnome-support gdm google-chrome-stable \n icedtea-6-jre-cacao linux-generic linux-headers-generic linux-image-generic linux-libc-dev openjdk-6-jre openjdk-6-jre-headless \n openjdk-6-jre-lib software-center thunderbird ureadahead xulrunner-1.9.2 \n21 packages upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.\nNeed to get 129MB of archives. After unpacking 188MB will be used.\nDo you want to continue? [Y/n/?] \n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T10:48:35.493", "id": "261", "postId": "232", "score": "1", "text": "Also cite the man page: It is sometimes necessary to remove one package in order to upgrade another; this command is not able to upgrade packages in such situations. Use the full-upgrade command to upgrade as many packages as possible.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "154" }, { "creationDate": "2010-09-06T23:08:21.233", "id": "3771", "postId": "232", "score": "4", "text": "aptitude will be removed from the default installation of future versions of both debian and ubuntu. Apt-get is again the preferred tool for installing packages", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1958" }, { "creationDate": "2013-11-04T05:49:36.273", "id": "473988", "postId": "232", "score": "0", "text": "Yes, I didn't find aptitude in `12.04`. So I installed aptitude and ran `aptitude safe-upgrade`, it's also doing the same thing as apt-get upgrade. No kernel version are installed!(but I could see new kernel version available in synaptic package manager(gui)).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "3215" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T00:07:05.070", "id": "232", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T00:07:05.070", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "57", "parentId": "221", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "20" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "you're looking for \n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get dist-upgrade\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T01:50:44.943", "id": "185", "postId": "234", "score": "5", "text": "Using dist-upgrade can add or remove other packages, it's not limited to just the kernel. This can be an issue on a server if you're hosting for others. However in such a a case you probably want to use apt-pin anyways to prevent unintentional upgrades.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "115" }, { "creationDate": "2010-10-27T06:05:53.987", "id": "9769", "postId": "234", "score": "2", "text": "`dist-upgrade` will install new packages while trying to resolve an upgrade, which is needed to get kernel updates when the kernel ABI changes (since it resolves to a different binary package name).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "721" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T00:07:55.943", "id": "234", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T00:07:55.943", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "91", "parentId": "221", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "21" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "if you want to install <code>aptitude</code> then please go ahead - but it has its dependencies and imho you can get away quite well without it - especially if you want to keep your server install lean(er).\n\nWhen you run <code>sudo apt-get upgrade</code> it tells you about packages that weren't upgraded in the following way:\n\n<pre><code>The following packages have been kept back:\n linux-generic linux-headers-generic linux-image-generic\n</code></pre>\n\nSo, if you are connected using an ssh terminal, it's just a matter of copy+paste to enter the following command:\n\n<pre><code>$ sudo apt-get upgrade linux-generic linux-headers-generic linux-image-generic\n</code></pre>\n\nwhich upgrades just the packages that were kept back. Use <code>uname -r</code> to display the kernel version before and after the reboot (necessary to refresh the running kernel) and don't forget to run <code>purge-old-kernels</code> after the reboot.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2017-09-26T07:04:30.243", "id": "959493", "lastActivityDate": "2017-09-26T07:04:30.243", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "522214", "parentId": "221", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" } ]

null

user70540

null

224

1

411

2010-07-28T23:56:24.733

28

46299

I have my hard drive partitioned with two partitions, so I can easily re-install Ubuntu and try out different versions without losing my home directory data. It is setup like this: <pre><code>20GB -> / (root) 180GB -> /home </code></pre> I do a lot of development work, so I have my <code>/var/www</code> folder symlinking to <code>/home/valorin/workspace</code>. But I want to do this with my MySQL data files as well, as I am getting annoyed that each time I reinstall my machine I need to do a full SQLdump and then restore all the DB's before I can do more work. What is the best way to do this without breaking MySQL?

176

134729

2016-12-30T18:09:40.203

2016-12-30T18:11:53.453

How to I move MySQL data files onto different partition?

[ "mysql" ]

5

0

CC BY-SA 3.0

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Well, actually there is a potential Ubuntu specific answer to this question.\n\nAs mentioned by Gergoes link, this is basically about modifying /etc/mysql/my.cnf and set a new value for datadir = in the [mysqld] section. So far the unspecific part of the answer.\n\nAssuming you are running a somewhat modern version of Ubuntu you might very well have <a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/10.04/serverguide/C/apparmor.html\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">AppArmor</a> installed by default, with a profile for /usr/sbin/mysqld in enforced mode. That default profile will most likely not accept your new datadir.\n\nLet us assume that your new datadir will be /home/data/mysql.\n\nIf you open the file /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mysqld you will among the rules find these two lines.\n\n<pre><code>/var/lib/mysql/ r,\n/var/lib/mysql/** rwk,\n</code></pre>\n\nAssuming our example above, they will have to be replaced or (probably preferable) complemented by these two lines.\n\n<pre><code>/home/data/mysql/ r,\n/home/data/mysql/** rwk,\n</code></pre>\n\nBefore we can startup our MySQL server, with its new datadir, we will also have to explicitly reload our new apparmor profile.\n\n<pre><code>$ sudo apparmor_parser -r /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mysqld\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-05-07T21:47:06.890", "id": "45012", "postId": "411", "score": "0", "text": "This doesn't seem to work on Natty (11.4). I had to start MySQL using /usr/sbin/mysqld to have it read my changed data dir. Otherwise, it continued to read my old data dir. This could be an error on my side.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "15440" }, { "creationDate": "2013-06-04T12:36:15.540", "id": "382521", "postId": "411", "score": "0", "text": "The above failed to solve the problem for me on Ubuntu 12.04 (Precise). I found out that one needs to edit the file /etc/apparmor.d/tunables/alias to include a line \"alias /var/lib/mysql/ -> /home/data/mysql/,\" With this in place, I did not need any changes in any of the other AppArmor files. It worked immediately after restarting AppArmor with \"/etc/init.d/apparmor restart\" and MySQL with \"restart mysql\".", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "164281" }, { "creationDate": "2013-06-24T15:51:44.383", "id": "394134", "postId": "411", "score": "0", "text": "I think certain permissions need to be set on the new folder that is to be used. Anyone know what they are? I know the mysql installation creates a mysql user... and that by default, I can't access the contents of the /var/lib/mysql folder.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "99898" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T17:26:59.380", "id": "411", "lastActivityDate": "2016-12-30T18:11:53.453", "lastEditDate": "2016-12-30T18:11:53.453", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "134729", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "24", "parentId": "224", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "29" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "This really isn't Ubuntu specific. Nevertheless, here is something that might help: <a href=\"http://developer.spikesource.com/wiki/index.php/How_to_change_the_mysql_database_location\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://developer.spikesource.com/wiki/index.php/How_to_change_the_mysql_database_location</a>\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-08-01T00:05:30.243", "id": "579", "postId": "225", "score": "0", "text": "Instructions didn't really help as the part I couldn't get working was AppArmour and your post only explained it in passing.\nAlso, is this site for questions that are Ubuntu specific? How do new users looking for help know what is Ubuntu-specific or not, and where they should ask them if they are generic?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "176" }, { "creationDate": "2014-05-20T05:22:33.207", "id": "620611", "postId": "225", "score": "0", "text": "Website unavailable.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "117599" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-28T23:57:56.790", "id": "225", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-28T23:57:56.790", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5", "parentId": "224", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "Well, actually there is a potential Ubuntu specific answer to this question.\n\nAs mentioned by Gergoes link, this is basically about modifying /etc/mysql/my.cnf and set a new value for datadir = in the [mysqld] section. So far the unspecific part of the answer.\n\nAssuming you are running a somewhat modern version of Ubuntu you might very well have <a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/10.04/serverguide/C/apparmor.html\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">AppArmor</a> installed by default, with a profile for /usr/sbin/mysqld in enforced mode. That default profile will most likely not accept your new datadir.\n\nLet us assume that your new datadir will be /home/data/mysql.\n\nIf you open the file /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mysqld you will among the rules find these two lines.\n\n<pre><code>/var/lib/mysql/ r,\n/var/lib/mysql/** rwk,\n</code></pre>\n\nAssuming our example above, they will have to be replaced or (probably preferable) complemented by these two lines.\n\n<pre><code>/home/data/mysql/ r,\n/home/data/mysql/** rwk,\n</code></pre>\n\nBefore we can startup our MySQL server, with its new datadir, we will also have to explicitly reload our new apparmor profile.\n\n<pre><code>$ sudo apparmor_parser -r /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mysqld\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-05-07T21:47:06.890", "id": "45012", "postId": "411", "score": "0", "text": "This doesn't seem to work on Natty (11.4). I had to start MySQL using /usr/sbin/mysqld to have it read my changed data dir. Otherwise, it continued to read my old data dir. This could be an error on my side.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "15440" }, { "creationDate": "2013-06-04T12:36:15.540", "id": "382521", "postId": "411", "score": "0", "text": "The above failed to solve the problem for me on Ubuntu 12.04 (Precise). I found out that one needs to edit the file /etc/apparmor.d/tunables/alias to include a line \"alias /var/lib/mysql/ -> /home/data/mysql/,\" With this in place, I did not need any changes in any of the other AppArmor files. It worked immediately after restarting AppArmor with \"/etc/init.d/apparmor restart\" and MySQL with \"restart mysql\".", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "164281" }, { "creationDate": "2013-06-24T15:51:44.383", "id": "394134", "postId": "411", "score": "0", "text": "I think certain permissions need to be set on the new folder that is to be used. Anyone know what they are? I know the mysql installation creates a mysql user... and that by default, I can't access the contents of the /var/lib/mysql folder.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "99898" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T17:26:59.380", "id": "411", "lastActivityDate": "2016-12-30T18:11:53.453", "lastEditDate": "2016-12-30T18:11:53.453", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "134729", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "24", "parentId": "224", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "29" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<a href=\"https://serverfault.com/q/168957/71120\">Super user has a nice step by step instructions on how to solve this probelm</a>\n\nHere is an other set of instruction on doing the same thing\n<a href=\"http://www.ubuntugeek.com/how-to-change-the-mysql-data-default-directory.html\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">http://www.ubuntugeek.com/how-to-change-the-mysql-data-default-directory.html</a>\n\nHere it is reposted. Go and up vote the original if you can on super user. \n\nAfter some general confusion about permissions I realized that the problem wasn't that I didn't have my permissions and paths right but that AppArmor was preventing mysql from reading and writing to the new location.\n\nThis is my solution:\n\nFirst stop MySQL so nothing weird happens while you're fiddling:\n\n<pre><code>$ sudo stop mysql\n</code></pre>\n\nThen move all the database directories to their new home:\n\n<pre><code>$ sudo mv /var/lib/mysql/<all folders> /new-mysql-dir/\n</code></pre>\n\nDon't move the files, they will be generated by mysql, just move the folders (which are the databases).\n\nThen politely ask AppArmor to allow mysql to use the new folder:\n\n<pre><code>$ sudo vim /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mysqld\n</code></pre>\n\nadd lines:\n\n<pre><code>/new-mysql-dir/ r,\n/new-mysql-dir/** rwk,\n</code></pre>\n\nThen tell mysql that the datadir has moved:\n\n<pre><code>$ sudo vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf \n</code></pre>\n\nchange the line:\n\n<pre><code>datadir=/var/lib/mysql\n</code></pre>\n\nto:\n\n<pre><code>datadir=/my-new-db-dir/\n</code></pre>\n\nNOTE: Depending on your database setup you might need to change innodb-data-home-dir etc. as well.\n\nThen restart AppArmor to read the new settings:\n\n<pre><code>$ sudo /etc/init.d/apparmor restart\n</code></pre>\n\nAnd start up MySQL again using the new datadir:\n\n<pre><code>$ sudo start mysql\n</code></pre>\n\nHope this helps!\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-03-24T10:48:09.687", "id": "31850", "lastActivityDate": "2016-05-31T08:32:44.403", "lastEditDate": "2017-04-13T12:14:53.440", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "10998", "parentId": "224", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "This won't work just like that.\n\nuser mysql has to have the right to write to the new dir:\n\n<pre><code>sudo chown -R mysql:mysql /newdatadir\nsudo chmod -R 754 /newdatadir\nsudo chmod 754 /newdatadir/..\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2013-04-11T17:51:27.970", "id": "280390", "lastActivityDate": "2013-04-11T18:38:24.917", "lastEditDate": "2013-04-11T18:38:24.917", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "62483", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "148600", "parentId": "224", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "-1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "For those who like me work with VirtualBox and need to move the MySQL datadir to a shared folder on the host system, follow the simple tutorial at <a href=\"http://vacilando.org/en/article/moving-mysql-data-files-virtualbox-shared-folder\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://vacilando.org/en/article/moving-mysql-data-files-virtualbox-shared-folder</a>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2014-05-31T14:13:19.240", "id": "474909", "lastActivityDate": "2014-05-31T14:13:19.240", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "169294", "parentId": "224", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" } ]

null

226

1

399

2010-07-28T23:58:59.143

59

40322

I'm presently running Firefox 3.6.8 on Ubuntu 9.04. My Firefox extensions include Ubuntu Firefox Modifications 0.9rc2. I've upgraded Firefox on this install a few times; as far as I can recall, some version of this extension was present when I initially installed Ubuntu 9.04. I have disabled it, mostly because I didn't know what it provided me, nor was I able to find out when I tried a bit. What does the extension do?

179

169736

2014-03-15T02:54:29.930

What does the Ubuntu Firefox Modifications extension to firefox do?

[ "firefox", "ubufox" ]

3

2

CC BY-SA 2.5

[ { "creationDate": "2012-04-29T17:51:19.017", "id": "152599", "postId": "226", "score": "4", "text": "This was also asked on superuser http://superuser.com/questions/65104/what-is-this-ubuntu-firefox-modifications-addon-in-ff-3-5-4-in-karmic", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "32580" }, { "creationDate": "2017-05-15T11:49:24.183", "id": "1442523", "postId": "226", "score": "0", "text": "This extension also [disables multiprocess support](https://askubuntu.com/q/865525/298314). This issue appeared to be fixed at some point, but it seems we're back to having it mess with Firefox. Launchpad bug report can be found [here](https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubufox/+bug/1627808). If you type `about:support` into Firefox, you'll get *0/1 (Disabled by add-ons)* in the *Multiprocess Windows* entry.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "298314" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "The files here show some of the changes that Ubufox provides (custom branding, search preferences, etc.)\n\n<a href=\"http://bazaar.launchpad.net/~mozillateam/ubufox/trunk/view/head:/defaults/preferences/ubuntu-mods.js\">http://bazaar.launchpad.net/~mozillateam/ubufox/trunk/view/head:/defaults/preferences/ubuntu-mods.js</a>\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2012-04-29T17:46:10.430", "id": "152593", "postId": "399", "score": "31", "text": "It must be really difficult to provide a description, and links to additional resources, and other details, within the extension itself. Open Firefox > Go to Addons > Ubuntu Firefox Modifications > Click \"more\" > Your description: \"Ubuntu Firefox Pack\". Powerful stuff.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "32580" }, { "creationDate": "2016-09-01T14:58:58.520", "id": "1242768", "postId": "399", "score": "1", "text": "@GerardRoche haha felt the same. Whats the worst? It is still the same in 2016. It's over 9000 now.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "321771" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T15:48:51.147", "id": "399", "lastActivityDate": "2011-09-12T21:46:34.883", "lastEditDate": "2011-09-12T21:46:34.883", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "235", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "235", "parentId": "226", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "24" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "It enables Firefox addons to be installed through the package manager.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T11:25:50.003", "id": "276", "postId": "229", "score": "4", "text": "According to Synaptic, it also provides some Ubuntu-specific configuration defaults.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "115" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T00:02:01.807", "id": "229", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T00:02:01.807", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5", "parentId": "226", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "11" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "The files here show some of the changes that Ubufox provides (custom branding, search preferences, etc.)\n\n<a href=\"http://bazaar.launchpad.net/~mozillateam/ubufox/trunk/view/head:/defaults/preferences/ubuntu-mods.js\">http://bazaar.launchpad.net/~mozillateam/ubufox/trunk/view/head:/defaults/preferences/ubuntu-mods.js</a>\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2012-04-29T17:46:10.430", "id": "152593", "postId": "399", "score": "31", "text": "It must be really difficult to provide a description, and links to additional resources, and other details, within the extension itself. Open Firefox > Go to Addons > Ubuntu Firefox Modifications > Click \"more\" > Your description: \"Ubuntu Firefox Pack\". Powerful stuff.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "32580" }, { "creationDate": "2016-09-01T14:58:58.520", "id": "1242768", "postId": "399", "score": "1", "text": "@GerardRoche haha felt the same. Whats the worst? It is still the same in 2016. It's over 9000 now.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "321771" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T15:48:51.147", "id": "399", "lastActivityDate": "2011-09-12T21:46:34.883", "lastEditDate": "2011-09-12T21:46:34.883", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "235", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "235", "parentId": "226", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "24" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "It came with <a href=\"https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/applications/xul-ext-ubufox\" rel=\"noreferrer\">xul-ext-ubufox</a> <a href=\"https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/applications/xul-ext-ubufox\" rel=\"noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://hostmar.co/software-small\" alt=\"Install xul-ext-ubufox\"></a>:\n\n<blockquote>\n Ubuntu-specific configuration defaults and apt support for Firefox.\n \n Adds Ubuntu-specific modifications to Firefox.\n \n Integrates the browser with Ubuntu to:\n \n <ul>\n <li>Enable searching for missing plugins from Ubuntu software catalog </li>\n <li>Add the following options to the Help menu:\n \n <ul>\n <li>Get help on-line</li>\n <li>Help translating Firefox</li>\n <li>Ubuntu Release Notes </li>\n </ul></li>\n <li>Set homepage to Ubuntu Start Page</li>\n <li>Display a restart notification after upgrading Firefox </li>\n <li>Add ask.com to the search engines.</li>\n </ul>\n \n You can uninstall this if you prefer to use a pristine Firefox install.\n</blockquote>\n\nHomepage: <a href=\"https://launchpad.net/ubufox\" rel=\"noreferrer\">https://launchpad.net/ubufox</a>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-06-01T11:02:13.950", "id": "144996", "lastActivityDate": "2012-06-01T19:34:04.467", "lastEditDate": "2017-03-11T19:00:01.900", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "46531", "parentId": "226", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "43" } ]

null

228

1

236

2010-07-29T00:01:08.827

26

63337

I would like Ubuntu to automatically synchronize my system clock with a timeserver at startup. However, my PC isn't connected to the Internet until after I've logged in (plus 5 - 10 seconds for good measure). How can I set it to do this?

5

169736

2014-01-13T18:02:42.340

2020-12-06T04:23:25.920

How to set Ubuntu to synchronize my clock with a time server?

[ "ntp" ]

4

2

CC BY-SA 2.5

[ { "creationDate": "2011-02-27T09:30:16.023", "id": "31343", "postId": "228", "score": "2", "text": "There are already excellent answers here that explain how to install ntpd so that your computer continuously keeps itself in sync with internet time servers, but I just wanted to add that by default Ubuntu will synchronize time with ntp.ubuntu.com whenever your network interface comes \"up\" (e.g. when you start your computer). This does not appear be happening in your case because of the way you connect to the internet, but other readers should not assume that Ubuntu does not sync time without ntpd being installed.", "userDisplayName": "user8979", "userId": null }, { "creationDate": "2017-11-04T08:05:12.943", "id": "1559081", "postId": "228", "score": "0", "text": "Here is one that explains how to set it to time.nist.gov: https://askubuntu.com/questions/972799/how-do-i-set-ubuntu-to-use-the-primary-time-server-time-nist-gov/972800#972800", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "640711" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "It's generally recommended to run a service that uses NTP (<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_Time_Protocol\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">Network Time Protocol</a>) to regularly synchronize your computer's clock with a server. In recent versions of Ubuntu (at least since 18.10, or possibly earlier but I'm not sure), this is taken care of by the <code>systemd-timesyncd</code> service, which is installed and enabled by default, so there's no need to do anything special. If the service is available and active, running\n<pre><code>timedatectl status\n</code></pre>\nshould tell you so.\nFor older versions of Ubuntu, you can follow <a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UbuntuTime#Time%20Synchronization%20using%20NTP\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">instructions to set up an NTP daemon</a>. There are several choices available but the "standard" one is in the package <code>ntp</code>. According to the instructions at the linked page,\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install ntp\n</code></pre>\nwill get everything set up to synchronize with Ubuntu's NTP server.\nIf you really do only want to synchronize the time once at startup and never again (until the next startup), see e.g. <a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/a/235/104\">mfisch's answer</a>. But again, this is not recommended and there's rarely any reason it would be beneficial.\n", "commentCount": "7", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T01:02:24.290", "id": "176", "postId": "236", "score": "3", "text": "I think in general he'd be better off just having ntpd always running and just having it fail to connect when he was not online, that is by no means harmful. With that said, my method should also work ;)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "73" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T01:35:03.170", "id": "181", "postId": "236", "score": "0", "text": "I'm okay with it running continuously.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T02:01:26.227", "id": "187", "postId": "236", "score": "1", "text": "George, just do that. I was hoping to answer your \"real\" question since the most annoying thing in the world is asking a question like this and having all the responses be \"why do you want to do that?\"", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "73" }, { "creationDate": "2019-03-21T14:01:47.523", "id": "1866463", "postId": "236", "score": "1", "text": "For Ubuntu 18.04 the advice to install ntpd longer applies. By default systemd-timesyncd.service will synchronize the time.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "77013" }, { "creationDate": "2020-12-05T19:00:24.020", "id": "2205535", "postId": "236", "score": "0", "text": "@ernstkl I wish I have read this earlier. In Xubuntu 18.04 the \"Time and Date\" GUI shows that it is being set manually and an attempt to change it to being synchronized automatically yields \"NTP support is not installed\". But the `timedatectl` command shows that the `systemd-timesyncd` service is running and indeed the time is actually being synchronized. The GUI confused me so much.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "163647" }, { "creationDate": "2020-12-06T04:23:46.080", "id": "2205716", "postId": "236", "score": "0", "text": "I edited with an update so hopefully future visitors will be less confused.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "104" }, { "creationDate": "2021-04-01T13:39:41.167", "id": "2264458", "postId": "236", "score": "1", "text": "\"should tell you so\" what does this mean? I am having trouble with the wrong time (Universal time is of by 2 hours) and don't know how to get it to sync. For me it reads \"System clock synchronized: no \\n \n NTP service: active \" (Ubuntu 20.04 LTS)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "800252" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T00:57:38.400", "id": "236", "lastActivityDate": "2020-12-06T04:23:25.920", "lastEditDate": "2020-12-06T04:23:25.920", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "104", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "104", "parentId": "228", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "34" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "You can do this using at and ntpdate. at is probably already installed, but ntpdate may not be. (apt-get install ntpdate). \n\nFirst create a small script that runs ntpdate, lets call it update_time.sh.\n\n<pre><code>#!/bin/bash\nntpdate pool.ntp.org\n</code></pre>\n\nIn your .bash_login file (which you may need to create) add this:\n\n<pre><code>at -f ~/update_time.sh now + 1 minute\n</code></pre>\n\nThat should do what you want. You can change the delay that at uses to be 5 minutes, 10 minutes etc.\n\nEDIT: I just realized that you'll need to be root to run <code>ntpdate</code>. You'll need to set the SUID bit on the update_time.sh script that I mentioned. You can do that by running this from the command (only needs to be run once):\n\n<pre><code>sudo chmod 4711 update_time.sh\nsudo chown root update_time.sh\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "4", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T01:03:28.780", "id": "177", "postId": "235", "score": "1", "text": "iirc You can't set suid on .sh scripts.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "186" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T02:00:16.743", "id": "186", "postId": "235", "score": "0", "text": "Can you do the suid on ntpdate directly then? That would probably accomplish the same thing.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "73" }, { "creationDate": "2014-08-27T12:07:47.217", "id": "701064", "postId": "235", "score": "2", "text": "Why use `at`? And if you're going to automatically run `ntpdate`, why not just install the `ntp` service?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "20557" }, { "creationDate": "2017-06-10T23:42:22.110", "id": "1460505", "postId": "235", "score": "1", "text": "note: ntpdate is no longer installed by default on Ubuntu (16.04+) and was deprecated in favor of timedatectl. timedatectl controls systemd's timesyncd service, which is used by default for time synchronization.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "160316" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T00:57:33.190", "id": "235", "lastActivityDate": "2013-12-07T12:02:50.300", "lastEditDate": "2013-12-07T12:02:50.300", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "102013", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "73", "parentId": "228", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "It's generally recommended to run a service that uses NTP (<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_Time_Protocol\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">Network Time Protocol</a>) to regularly synchronize your computer's clock with a server. In recent versions of Ubuntu (at least since 18.10, or possibly earlier but I'm not sure), this is taken care of by the <code>systemd-timesyncd</code> service, which is installed and enabled by default, so there's no need to do anything special. If the service is available and active, running\n<pre><code>timedatectl status\n</code></pre>\nshould tell you so.\nFor older versions of Ubuntu, you can follow <a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UbuntuTime#Time%20Synchronization%20using%20NTP\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">instructions to set up an NTP daemon</a>. There are several choices available but the "standard" one is in the package <code>ntp</code>. According to the instructions at the linked page,\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install ntp\n</code></pre>\nwill get everything set up to synchronize with Ubuntu's NTP server.\nIf you really do only want to synchronize the time once at startup and never again (until the next startup), see e.g. <a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/a/235/104\">mfisch's answer</a>. But again, this is not recommended and there's rarely any reason it would be beneficial.\n", "commentCount": "7", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T01:02:24.290", "id": "176", "postId": "236", "score": "3", "text": "I think in general he'd be better off just having ntpd always running and just having it fail to connect when he was not online, that is by no means harmful. With that said, my method should also work ;)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "73" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T01:35:03.170", "id": "181", "postId": "236", "score": "0", "text": "I'm okay with it running continuously.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T02:01:26.227", "id": "187", "postId": "236", "score": "1", "text": "George, just do that. I was hoping to answer your \"real\" question since the most annoying thing in the world is asking a question like this and having all the responses be \"why do you want to do that?\"", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "73" }, { "creationDate": "2019-03-21T14:01:47.523", "id": "1866463", "postId": "236", "score": "1", "text": "For Ubuntu 18.04 the advice to install ntpd longer applies. By default systemd-timesyncd.service will synchronize the time.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "77013" }, { "creationDate": "2020-12-05T19:00:24.020", "id": "2205535", "postId": "236", "score": "0", "text": "@ernstkl I wish I have read this earlier. In Xubuntu 18.04 the \"Time and Date\" GUI shows that it is being set manually and an attempt to change it to being synchronized automatically yields \"NTP support is not installed\". But the `timedatectl` command shows that the `systemd-timesyncd` service is running and indeed the time is actually being synchronized. The GUI confused me so much.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "163647" }, { "creationDate": "2020-12-06T04:23:46.080", "id": "2205716", "postId": "236", "score": "0", "text": "I edited with an update so hopefully future visitors will be less confused.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "104" }, { "creationDate": "2021-04-01T13:39:41.167", "id": "2264458", "postId": "236", "score": "1", "text": "\"should tell you so\" what does this mean? I am having trouble with the wrong time (Universal time is of by 2 hours) and don't know how to get it to sync. For me it reads \"System clock synchronized: no \\n \n NTP service: active \" (Ubuntu 20.04 LTS)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "800252" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T00:57:38.400", "id": "236", "lastActivityDate": "2020-12-06T04:23:25.920", "lastEditDate": "2020-12-06T04:23:25.920", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "104", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "104", "parentId": "228", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "34" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "If you go to \"System->Administration->Time and Date\", you will get a GUI to set the date/time.\n\nAn option is provided for using time servers. If you check it and NTP is not installed, it will ask if you want to install it. Just click \"yes\", and let it do its job :)\n", "commentCount": "4", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T08:50:58.153", "id": "250", "postId": "301", "score": "0", "text": "Forgot the \"startup\" thing.\nNTP does its job regularly, which means that you *should* get synchronized whenever you are online...\nBut the only way to make sure is to use some kind of script as provided by mfisch.\n\nNow to be honest : once synchronized, there's little chance that your computer gets messed up on its clock. So if you use the default time synchronization, and let it do it in background, you should be good to go most of the time, without having to do anything more.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "23" }, { "creationDate": "2010-11-08T00:00:02.680", "id": "12421", "postId": "301", "score": "0", "text": "Isn't it labeled \"Time and Date\"?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "3256" }, { "creationDate": "2010-11-08T06:41:52.323", "id": "12489", "postId": "301", "score": "0", "text": "@Firefeather: it may well be. I don't have an english interface, so I can't tell ;)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "23" }, { "creationDate": "2010-11-09T04:39:53.077", "id": "12725", "postId": "301", "score": "0", "text": "Ah, silly me, forgetting about the internationalization. My en-us system labels it \"Time and Date\".", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "3256" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T08:46:11.703", "id": "301", "lastActivityDate": "2010-11-10T06:48:37.650", "lastEditDate": "2010-11-10T06:48:37.650", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "23", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "23", "parentId": "228", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "9" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Since Ubuntu 16.04 timedatectl / timesyncd (which are part of systemd) replace most of ntpdate / ntp. See <a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/lts/serverguide/NTP.html\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">Time Synchronization</a>.\n\nYou might need to activate time synchronization using:\n\n<code>$ sudo timedatectl set-ntp on</code>\n\nIf you want to use chrony:\n\n<ul>\n<li>If you require a one-shot sync use: <code>$ chronyd -q</code></li>\n<li>If you require a one-shot time check, without setting the time use: <code>$ chronyd -Q</code></li>\n<li>For continuous syncing, the recommended solution is chrony:</li>\n</ul>\n\n<blockquote>\n chrony(d)\n \n The NTP daemon chronyd calculates the drift and offset of your system\n clock and continuously adjusts it, so there are no large corrections\n that could lead to inconsistent logs for instance. The cost is a\n little processing power and memory, but for a modern server this is\n usually negligible. Installation\n \n To install chrony, from a terminal prompt enter:\n \n <code>$ sudo apt install chrony</code>\n</blockquote>\n\nYou might also need to activate \n\nsudo timedatectl set-ntp on\n\nUpdate: Another method if the above doesn't work is to set a cron job to run <code>$ chronyd -q</code>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2018-10-18T13:55:21.310", "id": "1084900", "lastActivityDate": "2019-01-30T15:27:22.957", "lastEditDate": "2019-01-30T15:27:22.957", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "346523", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "346523", "parentId": "228", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" } ]

null

230

1

268

2010-07-29T00:02:32.820

5

1730

I want to install adblock for Firefox and I see it is in Synaptic. Should I install it with Synaptic or the regular way with the Firefox add-on manager? Does it make any differences at all?

154

null

2010-10-10T21:52:20.563

Install adblock using synaptic or through firefox's addons menu?

[ "synaptic", "firefox", "adblock", "plugins", "package-management" ]

5

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "The <a href=\"http://packages.ubuntu.com/lucid/xul-ext-adblock-plus\" rel=\"noreferrer\">version in the Ubuntu repositories</a> will only receive bug fixes during a release cycle, not new features. This version has been tested with your version of Firefox, and is fairly stable. \n\nIf you use the unpackaged version via <a href=\"https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/1865\" rel=\"noreferrer\">Mozilla Addons</a> or <a href=\"http://adblockplus.org/en/installation\" rel=\"noreferrer\">elsewhere</a>, it'll receive all new updates by the maintainer of the addon. These may cause breakage, depending on the level of testing upstream puts their code through. In Adblock's case, I suspect the level of QA is high, so this is not a very pressing concern, but one to take into account nevertheless. \n\nFirefox will refuse to install a newer version of the addon if said version no longer supports your browser version, so you don't have to worry about that. \n\nThe main difference is that the Ubuntu-packaged version is feature-stable (its behavior does not change) as well as reliability-stable (it will work consistently) throughout the release, whereas you don't get those guarantees from using AdBlock's extention installed externally. \n\nIf you're installing it for more than one user, by all means, use the packaged version. But if it's just for you, I think the locally installed version is fine. \n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T03:53:52.750", "id": "268", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T03:53:52.750", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "66", "parentId": "230", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "No, the Ubuntu Firefox Modifications Extension allows this to easily be done without any problems.\n\nTo answer your question: no, it doesn't matter.\n", "commentCount": "4", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T00:08:36.613", "id": "170", "postId": "231", "score": "0", "text": "Does Synaptic check for compatibility between Firefox version and plugin version?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "20" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T00:13:05.700", "id": "171", "postId": "231", "score": "0", "text": "@Par: Hmmm.... I'm not sure.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T02:02:06.850", "id": "188", "postId": "231", "score": "0", "text": "@Par: Well, being in repository means that it has been tested with the Firefox and works fine.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "182" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T10:46:25.293", "id": "260", "postId": "231", "score": "0", "text": "@Krysztof: I should stop posting when I'm tired. This completely slipped my mind. Thanks for the reminder.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "20" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T00:05:50.753", "id": "231", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T00:05:50.753", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5", "parentId": "230", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "The only difference is that the version in the Ubuntu repositories will usually take a day or two longer to be updated.\n\nIf you install using the Add-On manager (as opposed to going to the website) it's my understanding that it installs from the Ubuntu repositories anyways due to the ubufox plugin.\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T03:59:21.497", "id": "205", "postId": "242", "score": "0", "text": "No, it doesn't do that, from my testing. In addition, it's not just a day or two longer, you've got to wait for the next release of Ubuntu or, in the case of bug fixes, for the problem to be SRU'd, which takes two weeks on average.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "66" }, { "creationDate": "2010-11-13T11:36:55.437", "id": "13542", "postId": "242", "score": "0", "text": "Yes, in general, addons in the repository don't get updated in a stable release. However, they will get updated for compatibility when we push a new version of Firefox (so, when Lucid and Maverick get 4.x or whatever, all the addons in the repositories will get updated at the same time).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "790" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T01:54:54.980", "id": "242", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T01:54:54.980", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "115", "parentId": "230", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "The <a href=\"http://packages.ubuntu.com/lucid/xul-ext-adblock-plus\" rel=\"noreferrer\">version in the Ubuntu repositories</a> will only receive bug fixes during a release cycle, not new features. This version has been tested with your version of Firefox, and is fairly stable. \n\nIf you use the unpackaged version via <a href=\"https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/1865\" rel=\"noreferrer\">Mozilla Addons</a> or <a href=\"http://adblockplus.org/en/installation\" rel=\"noreferrer\">elsewhere</a>, it'll receive all new updates by the maintainer of the addon. These may cause breakage, depending on the level of testing upstream puts their code through. In Adblock's case, I suspect the level of QA is high, so this is not a very pressing concern, but one to take into account nevertheless. \n\nFirefox will refuse to install a newer version of the addon if said version no longer supports your browser version, so you don't have to worry about that. \n\nThe main difference is that the Ubuntu-packaged version is feature-stable (its behavior does not change) as well as reliability-stable (it will work consistently) throughout the release, whereas you don't get those guarantees from using AdBlock's extention installed externally. \n\nIf you're installing it for more than one user, by all means, use the packaged version. But if it's just for you, I think the locally installed version is fine. \n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T03:53:52.750", "id": "268", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T03:53:52.750", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "66", "parentId": "230", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I have more 60 extensions installed and I always get them From Mozilla. Some updates might cause problems but they are usually fixed right away, specially AdBlock and NoScript.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-10-10T21:16:32.847", "id": "5774", "lastActivityDate": "2010-10-10T21:16:32.847", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "2950", "parentId": "230", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I would recommend using firefox's addons menu, as it is updated IMMEDIATELY when the developer of the addon pushes out a new version to Firefox. Whereas with the Ubuntu repos, it takes days/weeks/even months, depending.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-10-10T21:52:20.563", "id": "5781", "lastActivityDate": "2010-10-10T21:52:20.563", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "3039", "parentId": "230", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" } ]

null

247

1

264

2010-07-29T02:01:54.137

72

58640

What partitioning scheme do you recommend for a desktop? I've always created three or four primary partitions -- root, swap, home, and sometimes a separate boot partition. Ubuntu's default install offers LVMs. I've never had to add additional drives or space, so it never seemed like a big deal. Whenever I do a fresh install, though, I always think there might be a better way.

189

40581

2014-02-22T17:48:27.440

What's your recommendation on drive partitioning schemes for a desktop and home server?

[ "partitioning", "system-installation" ]

11

2

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2014-10-02T10:19:44.363", "id": "725820", "postId": "247", "score": "1", "text": "You may, for quick backups, include a backup partition (ext4) and use [**clonezilla**](http://clonezilla.org/downloads.php) for regular backups of the root directory (excluding home) before updating your system.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "253402" }, { "creationDate": "2020-04-24T12:17:50.577", "id": "2070884", "postId": "247", "score": "0", "text": "That's a shame it's \"opinion-based\". That's true that some answers are opinion-based, but there should be a way to answer this question with arguments, making it non opinion-based.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "302109" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "<ol>\n<li><code>/</code> (i.e. the root filesystem)</li>\n<li><code>swap</code></li>\n<li><code>/home</code></li>\n</ol>\n\nThe biggest reason to do this is that you can do anything to your Ubuntu install and it won't affect your music/videos/whatever in your home. I especially enjoy this when a upgrade to a new Ubuntu version and the installation goes weird.\n", "commentCount": "8", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T03:33:27.023", "id": "200", "postId": "264", "score": "4", "text": "I think this is the best approach, as you can separate the OS install from your own data. However, the final answer will be \"whatever suits you best\".", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "192" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T03:41:27.773", "id": "202", "postId": "264", "score": "0", "text": "I didn't consider upgrades, probably because I mainly use ubuntu for work where I don't have a bunch of my personal files that need to stay around.. I like your approach best.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "73" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T08:50:26.623", "id": "249", "postId": "264", "score": "3", "text": "I also use this partitionning scheme. On your server I would also add a /backup one if some backups trategy is needed.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "217" }, { "creationDate": "2010-09-10T11:45:53.590", "id": "3988", "postId": "264", "score": "3", "text": "for desktop purpose I always use this solution.\n20-30% root /\n70-80% home /home\n1or2 GB swap", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1076" }, { "creationDate": "2010-09-16T09:18:18.790", "id": "4295", "postId": "264", "score": "0", "text": "+1 This is extremely for all the reasons Bittink described. If you want a setup that plays nice with windows, make the home partition NTFS, set the partition to automount on boot and symlink whatever folders you use to your home directory.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2139" }, { "creationDate": "2011-05-27T00:33:24.767", "id": "49845", "postId": "264", "score": "2", "text": "@Evan: is it even possible to mount an NTFS partition as /home? Wouldnt that be chaos since NTFS has no linux permitions? Arent those needed for /home?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "11015" }, { "creationDate": "2011-05-29T23:31:19.617", "id": "50405", "postId": "264", "score": "0", "text": "@MestreLion Yes and No. I have an additional /Home partition because I don't usually like to carry over all of the excess application settings when I wipe the OS. What I do is, create a NTFS partition for all of my Home folders (docs, public, etc) and symlink them into the actual /home folder which exists on an ext3 fs. It's the most convenient and transparent way I've found yet to use a NTFS partition as /home, you just need to set the permissions correctly in fstab to allow all permissions for the NRFS drive or you'll eventually have some issues.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2139" }, { "creationDate": "2013-09-04T02:00:20.017", "id": "435735", "postId": "264", "score": "0", "text": "Could anyone care to explain, why a separated partition for `/root`? root has 5% of the drive for itself guarantee, so I don't see why use separated `/root`. In fact, most people don't store stuff in `/root`.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "169736" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T03:26:16.583", "id": "264", "lastActivityDate": "2013-11-25T11:43:31.110", "lastEditDate": "2013-11-25T11:43:31.110", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "219070", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "193", "parentId": "247", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "78" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "Well, at a minimum you need a root partition and a swap partition. I highly recommend a home partition because then when you run out of space on your home partition, it won't affect your applications and more importantly, core components.\n\nI discovered this the hard way when I ran out of space on the root partition - and I couldn't even start the Gnome desktop. I had to log in through the terminal and delete some stuff :(\n", "commentCount": "5", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T04:19:38.580", "id": "208", "postId": "250", "score": "1", "text": "That shouldn't happen in recent versions of Ubuntu - we now ensure there's always some room in /tmp (where these apps need to write).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "188" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T04:50:23.230", "id": "215", "postId": "250", "score": "0", "text": "@RAOF: This happened with Ubuntu 9.04. I'm of course using 10.04 now.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5" }, { "creationDate": "2010-09-11T08:57:42.217", "id": "4044", "postId": "250", "score": "4", "text": "You don't really *need* a swap partition either, if you don't plan on ever using suspend to disk.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "136" }, { "creationDate": "2011-08-23T14:27:07.567", "id": "66516", "postId": "250", "score": "0", "text": "If the kernel crashes, it wants to write a memory dump. If there is not enough room, it won't (but it won't hurt anything otherwise). The kernel crash dump can then be analyzed later - it's copied from swap on reboot.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "10966" }, { "creationDate": "2020-04-24T12:14:17.880", "id": "2070873", "postId": "250", "score": "0", "text": "Isn't the /swap very useful when you have very low RAM?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "302109" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T02:05:24.597", "id": "250", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T02:05:24.597", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5", "parentId": "247", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "10" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "<ol>\n<li><code>/</code> (i.e. the root filesystem)</li>\n<li><code>swap</code></li>\n<li><code>/home</code></li>\n</ol>\n\nThe biggest reason to do this is that you can do anything to your Ubuntu install and it won't affect your music/videos/whatever in your home. I especially enjoy this when a upgrade to a new Ubuntu version and the installation goes weird.\n", "commentCount": "8", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T03:33:27.023", "id": "200", "postId": "264", "score": "4", "text": "I think this is the best approach, as you can separate the OS install from your own data. However, the final answer will be \"whatever suits you best\".", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "192" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T03:41:27.773", "id": "202", "postId": "264", "score": "0", "text": "I didn't consider upgrades, probably because I mainly use ubuntu for work where I don't have a bunch of my personal files that need to stay around.. I like your approach best.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "73" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T08:50:26.623", "id": "249", "postId": "264", "score": "3", "text": "I also use this partitionning scheme. On your server I would also add a /backup one if some backups trategy is needed.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "217" }, { "creationDate": "2010-09-10T11:45:53.590", "id": "3988", "postId": "264", "score": "3", "text": "for desktop purpose I always use this solution.\n20-30% root /\n70-80% home /home\n1or2 GB swap", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1076" }, { "creationDate": "2010-09-16T09:18:18.790", "id": "4295", "postId": "264", "score": "0", "text": "+1 This is extremely for all the reasons Bittink described. If you want a setup that plays nice with windows, make the home partition NTFS, set the partition to automount on boot and symlink whatever folders you use to your home directory.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2139" }, { "creationDate": "2011-05-27T00:33:24.767", "id": "49845", "postId": "264", "score": "2", "text": "@Evan: is it even possible to mount an NTFS partition as /home? Wouldnt that be chaos since NTFS has no linux permitions? Arent those needed for /home?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "11015" }, { "creationDate": "2011-05-29T23:31:19.617", "id": "50405", "postId": "264", "score": "0", "text": "@MestreLion Yes and No. I have an additional /Home partition because I don't usually like to carry over all of the excess application settings when I wipe the OS. What I do is, create a NTFS partition for all of my Home folders (docs, public, etc) and symlink them into the actual /home folder which exists on an ext3 fs. It's the most convenient and transparent way I've found yet to use a NTFS partition as /home, you just need to set the permissions correctly in fstab to allow all permissions for the NRFS drive or you'll eventually have some issues.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2139" }, { "creationDate": "2013-09-04T02:00:20.017", "id": "435735", "postId": "264", "score": "0", "text": "Could anyone care to explain, why a separated partition for `/root`? root has 5% of the drive for itself guarantee, so I don't see why use separated `/root`. In fact, most people don't store stuff in `/root`.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "169736" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T03:26:16.583", "id": "264", "lastActivityDate": "2013-11-25T11:43:31.110", "lastEditDate": "2013-11-25T11:43:31.110", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "219070", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "193", "parentId": "247", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "78" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Generally speaking, you shouldn't bother with a separate <code>/home</code> or <code>/boot</code> partition unless you're running multiple Linux distributions at once.\n\nThe Ubuntu installers for both the desktop CD and server/alternate CD have the ability to install over an existing system, preserving your home directory (and the local system driectories: <code>/usr/local</code>, <code>/usr/src</code>, and <code>/var/local</code>). This functionality also reuses the user ID and group ID of an existing user, if it has the same username as the user you're creating during installation.\n\nTo use this option when installing, choose the option for advanced partitioning, then select your existing <code>/</code> or <code>/home</code> partition. In the box that appears, make sure the filesystem selected matches the existing filesystem of that partition, and that the format box is not checked. Proceed as normal through the rest of the options.\n\nIn Ubuntu 10.10 we had hoped to add an option to the installer that detected when you had an existing copy of Ubuntu installed and offered to replace it with the newer version you were attempting to install (using the aforementioned functionality behind the scenes). While it did not make the final cut, it is likely to arrive in Ubuntu 11.04.\n\nAs for a separate <code>/boot</code> partition, that's a relic of hardware constraints of the past (the bootloader 1024 cylinder limit). I can think of no practical advantage a separate /boot would have on a modern system, and if not given an arguably excessive amount of space, it will potentially fill up and create problems of its own, given that Ubuntu does not automatically remove old kernels.\n", "commentCount": "7", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-10-12T19:20:04.663", "id": "6450", "postId": "3603", "score": "1", "text": "When you blogged about this Jorge, I disagreed. I like the idea of the simplicity offered by one root partition, but it's very convenient to put /home on a separate partition in the case that during a full re-install of Ubuntu, I can ask that / is formatted, while /home isn't.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "861" }, { "creationDate": "2010-10-12T19:39:28.033", "id": "6453", "postId": "3603", "score": "3", "text": "That has roughly the same effect as not checking the format box on /. It obviously doesn't format the partition, but it removes the system files present before starting the new install.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "46" }, { "creationDate": "2010-10-12T20:11:04.440", "id": "6467", "postId": "3603", "score": "4", "text": "There are numerical advantages to have a separate /home partition. You can perform a clean system install by formatting the root partitions but still keep your data. You can use either encryption or LVM on the /home, but you probably don't need that for the root one. For backup simplicity, you just make a dump of the /home partition. For power user, you can tweak your system and choose different file system for the applications and for the data (which make sense also). Etc.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "3004" }, { "creationDate": "2011-08-23T14:24:38.687", "id": "66514", "postId": "3603", "score": "2", "text": "Another important thing about /boot: if you have to recover the system, you can't be sure what your recovery tools will support. If you use something like XFS on LVM for your basic install, you can use a simple ext3 on the raw partition on /boot - which even the simplest recovery tools should support.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "10966" }, { "creationDate": "2013-09-04T02:01:52.100", "id": "435736", "postId": "3603", "score": "3", "text": "Separated `/boot` partition became mandatory since the EFI/UEFI mess.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "169736" }, { "creationDate": "2014-03-28T07:47:48.173", "id": "574893", "postId": "3603", "score": "2", "text": "On MBR with preinstalled Windows, separated `/boot` allows you to remove Ubuntu without having to restore the Windows bootloader.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "24432" }, { "creationDate": "2020-04-24T12:11:43.443", "id": "2070872", "postId": "3603", "score": "0", "text": "I disagree with the /boot not needed, but also with the /home partition not needed. Maybe for you, but I really appreciate to keep my data in case of problems, or forced reinstallation!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "302109" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-09-04T15:00:19.790", "id": "3603", "lastActivityDate": "2010-10-12T17:32:50.907", "lastEditDate": "2010-10-12T17:32:50.907", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "235", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "46", "parentId": "247", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "54" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<ul>\n<li><code>/root</code></li>\n<li><code>swap</code></li>\n<li><code>/mnt/storage</code> -- somewhere to store any media that you download. If it gets full if won't fill up root. (I guess that this is similar to the idea of making <code>/home</code> a separate partition.)</li>\n</ul>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2020-04-24T12:16:55.660", "id": "2070880", "postId": "3639", "score": "0", "text": "Is it really useful to have /mnt as a separate partition?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "302109" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-09-04T23:49:27.747", "id": "3639", "lastActivityDate": "2013-01-19T14:53:11.953", "lastEditDate": "2013-01-19T14:53:11.953", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "114818", "ownerDisplayName": "Bill", "ownerUserId": null, "parentId": "247", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "If you plan to install several distributions and want to use the same home folder you can install with a separate <code>/home</code> partition and use the same username for each distro. But if you are only using Ubuntu there is no need to have a separate <code>/home</code> partition. \n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-09-10T01:31:48.997", "id": "3961", "lastActivityDate": "2013-01-19T15:01:49.083", "lastEditDate": "2013-01-19T15:01:49.083", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "114818", "ownerDisplayName": "madmed", "ownerUserId": null, "parentId": "247", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I always do a fresh install of newer versions of Ubuntu, so for me it makes sense to have a separate <code>/home</code>, since I won't have to backup my home folder every time.\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2014-08-06T22:12:43.487", "id": "685390", "postId": "3969", "score": "2", "text": "I'll add that this was especially useful for me now that I've moved on to Arch Linux instead, so that I could just replace the operating system and keep all my data without much effort.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "614" }, { "creationDate": "2020-04-24T12:15:53.177", "id": "2070877", "postId": "3969", "score": "1", "text": "The problem with many answers here, is that they don't use multiboot, and they consider only the case of people who don't use multiboot.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "302109" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-09-10T07:35:03.667", "id": "3969", "lastActivityDate": "2010-09-10T07:35:03.667", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "614", "parentId": "247", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "On my Notebook Desktop:\n\n<ul>\n<li>8GB allocated to <code>/</code> (i.e. root of the filesystem)</li>\n<li>2 times installed RAM allocated for <code>swap</code> (e.g. 3GB RAM = 6GB allocated for swap)</li>\n<li>Remained of disk allocated to <code>/home</code></li>\n</ul>\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2020-04-24T12:16:30.060", "id": "2070879", "postId": "5120", "score": "0", "text": "I think the 2 times installed RAM rule doesn't apply anymore, with modern RAM computers.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "302109" }, { "creationDate": "2022-05-22T16:07:13.620", "id": "2450097", "postId": "5120", "score": "0", "text": "Yeah that would mean 64 GB of swap space for me, not sure I'm willing to provide that. Probably 64 GB of RAM next build I make, so then that would be 128 GB of swap. That's a no.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "614" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-10-03T14:08:46.093", "id": "5120", "lastActivityDate": "2013-11-25T12:04:13.757", "lastEditDate": "2013-11-25T12:04:13.757", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "219070", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": null, "parentId": "247", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "On my home server, I prefer to create <code>/</code>, <code>/swap</code>, and <code>/var/log</code>. Since I do run a firewall and log all activity to <code>/var/log</code>, creating the log as a separate partition ensures that even if the logs run rampart, it won't block me from booting. \n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-11-05T22:32:26.880", "id": "11650", "lastActivityDate": "2013-01-19T15:02:13.187", "lastEditDate": "2013-01-19T15:02:13.187", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "114818", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5373", "parentId": "247", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "For server installations, best practice is to use LVM, so you can expand your storage space easily if you run out of free space. My suggestion is:\n\n<ol>\n<li><code>/boot</code></li>\n<li><code>/</code></li>\n<li>LVM (if you add more disks, just resize LVM and there you go).</li>\n</ol>\n\nNOTE: if you use multi-user environment, it is good practice to create <code>/home</code> on LVM.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-02-18T19:17:35.307", "id": "27027", "lastActivityDate": "2013-01-19T15:02:20.173", "lastEditDate": "2013-01-19T15:02:20.173", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "114818", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "10748", "parentId": "247", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "8" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<ol>\n<li><code>/</code> (i.e. root filesystem) - for your operating system</li>\n<li><code>swap</code> - swap space, which should be a little larger than the amount of RAM you have</li>\n<li><code>/home</code> - for your data files</li>\n</ol>\n\nYou only really need a separate <code>/boot</code> partition if you are using the alternate installer to set up full disk encryption. Currently the files in <code>/boot</code> need to be unencrypted so the operating system can start.\n\nGenerally speaking, you might add other partitions if you want to:\n\n<ol>\n<li>Preserve the partition through a re-installation of the operating system - this is the usual reason for having a separate <code>/home</code> partition. A separate <code>/usr/local</code> or <code>/opt</code> might also be useful if you install lots of applications by compiling them from source.</li>\n<li>Limit the space that files on a partition can use - for example, a separate <code>/home</code> partition will prevent your operating system grinding to a halt when you fill up your <code>home</code> directory because you will still be able to log in as root and delete some files from your home directory.</li>\n<li>Use a different file system - I use a faster, less resilient file system for <code>/tmp</code>, but I keep <code>/home</code> on a slower, journaling file system for better data protection.</li>\n</ol>\n\nAs suggested by Asmerito, you should consider putting all your partitions other than <code>/boot</code> on LVM. This will allow increased flexibility in resizing your partitions or even expanding them on to other disks. But you might not expect to require this functionality.\n\nIf you use the full disk encryption in the alternate installer, it will automatically create a <code>/boot</code> partition, a <code>swap</code> partition and another partition to hold the encrypted data. This encrypted partition is then used to hold a LVM partition. This LVM partition is then used to hold all your additional partitions. Initially this is just your root partition.\n\nHope this all helps.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2013-09-27T18:54:18.927", "id": "449556", "postId": "27049", "score": "0", "text": "The `/root` directory is for the `root` user, not the system.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "169736" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-02-18T22:35:57.277", "id": "27049", "lastActivityDate": "2013-11-25T12:04:26.290", "lastEditDate": "2013-11-25T12:04:26.290", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "219070", "ownerDisplayName": "user8979", "ownerUserId": null, "parentId": "247", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "13" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I use:\n\nPrimary partition:\n\n<ul>\n<li><code>/boot</code> = 1 GB</li>\n</ul>\n\nExtended partition with LVM:\n\n<ul>\n<li><code>/</code> = 5 GB</li>\n<li><code>/var</code> = 3 GB</li>\n<li><code>/var/spool/cache</code> = 2 GB ReiserFS (local squid disk cache for all my browsers)</li>\n<li><code>/home</code> = +500 GB for users including a public folder (shared both locally and remotely with smb).</li>\n<li><code>/tmp</code> = 128 MB (ramFS).</li>\n<li><code>swap</code> = twice my RAM.</li>\n</ul>\n\nI've been using this scheme for years and I'm very happy with it. Suggestions always welcomed.\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2012-05-21T07:45:49.650", "id": "167319", "postId": "137762", "score": "0", "text": "You don't need that much for /boot. Unless you have loads of kernels installed. 256 MB is sufficient. If you have only 2 partitions the /boot and the LVM, then you don't need to create the LVM partition in an extended container as you can have up to 4 primary partition on the old-but-wide-spread MBR. Unless you don't have much RAM, you don't need the 2*RAM=swap scheme, if you intend to have hibernation and have sufficient RAM for your workload, then 1.1*RAM=swap is good enough. If you have 8 GB RAM and don't do heavy video edition, then you can have as little as 1 GB swap (or even no swap).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "3004" }, { "creationDate": "2020-04-24T12:15:01.257", "id": "2070876", "postId": "137762", "score": "0", "text": "That's so many partitions.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "302109" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-05-16T07:32:46.437", "id": "137762", "lastActivityDate": "2013-01-19T15:02:07.397", "lastEditDate": "2013-01-19T15:02:07.397", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "114818", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "63813", "parentId": "247", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "7" } ]

null

2013-11-13T03:22:46.007

null

248

1

289

2010-07-29T02:03:25.973

114

231844

Is there a way to easily turn on/off showing the boot messages (loading the services) when Ubuntu starts? Is it something in Grub2? I am running 10.04.

154

527764

2017-10-06T18:24:20.040

2018-01-14T19:39:28.583

How can I show or hide boot messages when Ubuntu starts?

[ "boot", "grub2" ]

6

2

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2020-03-12T13:23:57.823", "id": "2045338", "postId": "248", "score": "0", "text": "For one-time solution (not a permanent change), see https://askubuntu.com/a/25024/250300.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "250300" }, { "creationDate": "2020-03-18T13:26:13.753", "id": "2048249", "postId": "248", "score": "0", "text": "Does this answer your question? [How to enable boot messages to be printed on screen during boot up?](https://askubuntu.com/questions/25022/how-to-enable-boot-messages-to-be-printed-on-screen-during-boot-up)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "250300" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "You would need to edit the file <code>/etc/default/grub</code>. In this file you'll find an entry called <code>GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT</code>. This entry must be edited to control the display of the splash screen.\n\nThe presence of the word <code>splash</code> in this entry enables the splash screen, with condensed text output. Adding <code>quiet</code> as well, results in just the splash screen; which is the default for the desktop edition since 10.04 (Lucid Lynx). In order to enable the \"normal\" text start up, you would remove both of these.\n\nSo, the default for the desktop, (i.e. splash screen only):\n\n<pre><code>GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=\"quiet splash\" #Hide text and show splash\n</code></pre>\n\nFor the traditional, text display:\n\n<pre><code>GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT= #Show text but not the splash\n</code></pre>\n\nFor the splash, but the ability to show the boot messages by pressing <kbd>Esc</kbd>:\n\n<pre><code>GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=\"splash\"\n</code></pre>\n\nOr, finally, for just a (usually) black screen, try:\n\n<pre><code>GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=quiet #Don't show Ubuntu bootup text\nGRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=\"console=tty12\" #Don't show kernel text\n</code></pre>\n\nAfter editing the file, you need to run <code>update-grub</code>.\n\n<pre><code>sudo update-grub\n</code></pre>\n\nFor more details, see this: <a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2\">https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2</a>\n", "commentCount": "4", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2014-03-31T12:00:44.120", "id": "577032", "postId": "289", "score": "1", "text": "How can you read that messages that are shown after you removed the `splash` from GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT? I can see the messages now when I start, but then X starts and they are gone.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "34298" }, { "creationDate": "2015-06-02T00:15:21.463", "id": "898312", "postId": "289", "score": "0", "text": "`GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT` and `GRUB_TIMEOUT` causes confusion don't understand why they keep two of these settings and displays the error `Warning: Setting GRUB_TIMEOUT to a non-zero value when GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT is set is no longer supported`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "159975" }, { "creationDate": "2015-07-15T22:21:07.193", "id": "931413", "postId": "289", "score": "2", "text": "@rubo77 The dmesg command: http://superuser.com/questions/176165/where-linux-places-the-messages-of-boot", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "80" }, { "creationDate": "2023-09-22T00:47:31.753", "id": "2603557", "postId": "289", "score": "0", "text": "For anybody in 2023 with Ubuntu 22.04 that keeps getting circled back to this thread like me, set `GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT` to `\"quiet splash\"` and `GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX` to `\"console=ttyS0\"`. YMMV but this helps me achieve manufacturer logo and no grub output all the way from boot to login.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1593154" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T06:57:05.150", "id": "289", "lastActivityDate": "2016-08-02T13:57:13.323", "lastEditDate": "2016-08-02T13:57:13.323", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "117388", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "80", "parentId": "248", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "118" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "You didn't identify whether you are on a server system or desktop, so I'll address both.\n\nIf you add <code>splash</code> to <code>/etc/default/grub/</code> in <code>GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT</code>, Ubuntu will present you with a splash screen, either a simple text based progress bar or graphically via <code>plymouth</code>, which I describe below. \n\nUsing <code>plymouth</code>, a graphical startup animator, you can provide a pretty bootscreen that is well suited to desktop machines. You might not want to do this on a server, but it's up to you. \n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install plymouth-theme-ubuntu-logo\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T02:47:18.503", "id": "259", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T02:47:18.503", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "66", "parentId": "248", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "You would need to edit the file <code>/etc/default/grub</code>. In this file you'll find an entry called <code>GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT</code>. This entry must be edited to control the display of the splash screen.\n\nThe presence of the word <code>splash</code> in this entry enables the splash screen, with condensed text output. Adding <code>quiet</code> as well, results in just the splash screen; which is the default for the desktop edition since 10.04 (Lucid Lynx). In order to enable the \"normal\" text start up, you would remove both of these.\n\nSo, the default for the desktop, (i.e. splash screen only):\n\n<pre><code>GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=\"quiet splash\" #Hide text and show splash\n</code></pre>\n\nFor the traditional, text display:\n\n<pre><code>GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT= #Show text but not the splash\n</code></pre>\n\nFor the splash, but the ability to show the boot messages by pressing <kbd>Esc</kbd>:\n\n<pre><code>GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=\"splash\"\n</code></pre>\n\nOr, finally, for just a (usually) black screen, try:\n\n<pre><code>GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=quiet #Don't show Ubuntu bootup text\nGRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=\"console=tty12\" #Don't show kernel text\n</code></pre>\n\nAfter editing the file, you need to run <code>update-grub</code>.\n\n<pre><code>sudo update-grub\n</code></pre>\n\nFor more details, see this: <a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2\">https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2</a>\n", "commentCount": "4", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2014-03-31T12:00:44.120", "id": "577032", "postId": "289", "score": "1", "text": "How can you read that messages that are shown after you removed the `splash` from GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT? I can see the messages now when I start, but then X starts and they are gone.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "34298" }, { "creationDate": "2015-06-02T00:15:21.463", "id": "898312", "postId": "289", "score": "0", "text": "`GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT` and `GRUB_TIMEOUT` causes confusion don't understand why they keep two of these settings and displays the error `Warning: Setting GRUB_TIMEOUT to a non-zero value when GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT is set is no longer supported`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "159975" }, { "creationDate": "2015-07-15T22:21:07.193", "id": "931413", "postId": "289", "score": "2", "text": "@rubo77 The dmesg command: http://superuser.com/questions/176165/where-linux-places-the-messages-of-boot", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "80" }, { "creationDate": "2023-09-22T00:47:31.753", "id": "2603557", "postId": "289", "score": "0", "text": "For anybody in 2023 with Ubuntu 22.04 that keeps getting circled back to this thread like me, set `GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT` to `\"quiet splash\"` and `GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX` to `\"console=ttyS0\"`. YMMV but this helps me achieve manufacturer logo and no grub output all the way from boot to login.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1593154" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T06:57:05.150", "id": "289", "lastActivityDate": "2016-08-02T13:57:13.323", "lastEditDate": "2016-08-02T13:57:13.323", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "117388", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "80", "parentId": "248", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "118" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I may be out of subject, but you can just press \"escape\" during boot, to show/hide the plymouth splash screen...\n", "commentCount": "4", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T11:01:20.543", "id": "267", "postId": "293", "score": "0", "text": "By \"easily turn on/off\", I think it's just what he/she wants.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "231" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T13:51:59.340", "id": "293", "postId": "293", "score": "0", "text": "Does that work on 10.04?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "243" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T13:54:58.413", "id": "296", "postId": "293", "score": "0", "text": "Yes. I actually tested it on both Lucid Lynx Desktop and Netbook editions before posting :-)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "23" }, { "creationDate": "2011-05-15T09:01:14.733", "id": "46959", "postId": "293", "score": "8", "text": "It works only if grub is not quiet, i.e.:\n\n `GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=\"splash\"`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "16234" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T08:28:48.440", "id": "293", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T08:28:48.440", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "23", "parentId": "248", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "32" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I use <code>GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=\"noplymouth\"</code> to tell my laptop to not show me the startup picture but the boot messages … still works for 11.10\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-10-15T08:31:34.580", "id": "66702", "lastActivityDate": "2011-11-11T01:34:15.713", "lastEditDate": "2011-11-11T01:34:15.713", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "17739", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "27471", "parentId": "248", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "There's a simple way of hiding all boot messages. In <code>/etc/default/grub</code>, adjust the following:\n\n<pre><code>GRUB_TIMEOUT=0 # Do not show the GRUB menu at all\nGRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=quiet\nGRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=\"console=tty12\" # Redirect the kernel output to another tty\n</code></pre>\n\nAfter that, just <code>sudo update-grub</code>, and it should be done.\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2018-06-05T11:17:49.207", "id": "1701242", "postId": "192329", "score": "1", "text": "Doesn't work anymore in 18.04", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "702388" }, { "creationDate": "2018-10-20T21:26:57.223", "id": "1785601", "postId": "192329", "score": "5", "text": "`console=ttyS0` does seem to work in 18.04, I found that as answer to my own question. I may do some more research on it later on, though. See https://askubuntu.com/q/1085629/295286", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "295286" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-09-24T05:50:49.970", "id": "192329", "lastActivityDate": "2012-09-24T05:50:49.970", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "92378", "parentId": "248", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "10" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "If you remove <code>quiet</code> option from <code>GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT</code> to show boot messages it's sometimes necessary to also set <code>loglevel</code> option to higher value. Otherwise some drivers may flood your <code>tty</code> with notice messages. I use this line to enable boot messages:\n\n<pre><code>GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=\"loglevel=4\"\n</code></pre>\n\nThis way only significant system messages will be printed to the console.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2018-01-14T19:39:28.583", "id": "995883", "lastActivityDate": "2018-01-14T19:39:28.583", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "488400", "parentId": "248", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" } ]

null

249

1

null

2010-07-29T02:04:17.110

5

1580

What is the best way to sync music with my iPhone 3G?

170

null

2010-08-18T16:46:37.793

How can I sync music with my iPhone 3G?

[ "sync", "iphone", "music" ]

2

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

null

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "I'm not sure if it's the best way, but Rhythmbox with libimobiledevice (both installed by default in lucid) works for me. There are a couple of glitches to be aware of, however:\n\n<ul>\n<li>There's no full-library sync. You have to manually drag individual songs to the iPhone.</li>\n<li>About 10 seconds or so after Rhythmbox transfers the songs, the iPhone screen switches to \"Sync in Progress.\" You have to wait until after that screen goes away before you eject the iPhone, or the music won't actually get synced. This usually takes 5-10 minutes for me (more if I transfer a lot of songs)</li>\n<li>The first time you go to the \"Music\" app on the iPhone, you have to wait for it to rebuild the library.</li>\n</ul>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T08:39:17.773", "id": "245", "postId": "269", "score": "1", "text": "I don't have an iPhone anymore, but back when I had one, this was the \"best\" method I could find - and I have tried quite a few ones !", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "23" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T03:56:41.093", "id": "269", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T03:56:41.093", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "194", "parentId": "249", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "9" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I am using <a href=\"http://www.gtkpod.org/\" rel=\"nofollow\">gtkpod ipod Manager</a> to sync my music and videos. Sadly, you have to do some manual stuff to sync videos, in this case you have to set the video length by hand.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-18T16:46:37.793", "id": "2588", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-18T16:46:37.793", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "1435", "parentId": "249", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" } ]

null

2013-03-14T16:22:16.157

null

253

1

485

2010-07-29T02:13:09.193

4

4701

I have videos stored on one machine; I'd like to watch them on another machine. Both are running Ubuntu 10.04 64-bit. So far I've tried MediaTomb, MythTV, and python-coherence. None of the clients seem to see the servers and I definitely have connectivity between the client and server machines (so it's not a network issue).

115

235

2011-01-13T22:13:49.623

2018-03-01T16:41:47.723

Is there a working uPnP client/server combo?

[ "mythtv", "upnp" ]

5

3

CC BY-SA 2.5

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T21:42:20.997", "id": "381", "postId": "253", "score": "0", "text": "I'm seeing lots of suggestions for servers, but no mention of a working client.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "115" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T02:22:40.513", "id": "217235", "postId": "253", "score": "0", "text": "Have you tried gmediaserver or ushare?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "73" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T04:19:22.543", "id": "217236", "postId": "253", "score": "0", "text": "No, but I was hoping for a documented, working configuration.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "115" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Here's a working combination I found:\n\nMediaTomb as the server (package <code>mediatomb</code>). I think almost any of the available uPnP servers should work but this is the one that was working when I found a client.\n\nFor clients I used Totem (for video) and Rhythmbox (for audio). I had to install and enable plugins for each of these to be used as a client.\n\nThe \"Coherence DLNA/uPnP Client\" plugin for Totem is packaged in <code>totem-plugins-extra</code>. Once you have installed and enabled it, uPnP servers are shown in the sidebar, a fact that does not appear to be documented and is not easy to discover.\n\nfor audio, the \"DLNA/uPnP sharing and control support\" is packaged in <code>rhythmbox-plugin-coherence</code>. Once enabled, a \"Shared\" category appears on the left hand side (under Playlists) listing the uPnP servers.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-30T09:30:44.610", "id": "485", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-30T09:30:44.610", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "115", "parentId": "253", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "If you can cope without using uPnP, I've used SSHFS and VLC Multicasting or Unicasting to achieve the same results.\n\nI used SSHFS by doing the following:\n\nsudo apt-get install sshfs vlc\nsshfs user@server/path/to/video_store /local/directory\n\nI then navigate to that directory with VLC and pick the files I want to watch with that.\n\nIf you don't have a reliable network link, then you might get some stuttering with this, but it does work.\n\nIf you've got a flat network, you might also want to consider using unicasting or multicasting from VLC.\n\nHere's the link to how to stream using VLC:\n\n<a href=\"http://wiki.videolan.org/Documentation:Streaming_HowTo/Command_Line_Examples#RTSP_live_streaming\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">RTSP live streaming - Command Line Examples | VideoLAN Wiki</a>\n\nAlternatively, you can set up multiple \"channels\" to watch using this howto: \n\n<a href=\"http://wiki.videolan.org/Documentation:Streaming_HowTo/VLM\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">Streaming HowTo/VLM | VideoLAN Wiki</a>\n\nIf you need to use uPnP I've had good results streaming to my PS3 using the <a href=\"http://code.google.com/p/ps3mediaserver/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">PS3 Media Server</a>, although it isn't packaged in the Ubuntu repos, it is just a simple Java application that you tell it where all your video files are. It will perform some transcoding if you need that, and will transfer video, photos and music without any issues.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T08:40:15.353", "id": "296", "lastActivityDate": "2018-03-01T16:41:47.723", "lastEditDate": "2018-03-01T16:41:47.723", "lastEditorDisplayName": "user737448", "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "212", "parentId": "253", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "If you would like to browse you videos on your PS3/XBOX and possibly your TV you can use a DNLA enabled server like TwonkyMedia. ( <a href=\"http://blog.gruenewaldt.net/en/software/ubuntu-linux/set-up-twonky-media-server-dlnaupnp-for-playstation-3-ps3-on-ubuntu-linux-for-video-streaming/\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://blog.gruenewaldt.net/en/software/ubuntu-linux/set-up-twonky-media-server-dlnaupnp-for-playstation-3-ps3-on-ubuntu-linux-for-video-streaming/</a> )\n\nYou can see a comparison between various Media Servers here: <a href=\"http://www.rbgrn.net/content/21-how-to-choose-dlna-media-server-windows-mac-os-x-or-linux\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://www.rbgrn.net/content/21-how-to-choose-dlna-media-server-windows-mac-os-x-or-linux</a>\n\nThere is a DLNA plugin for Rhythmbox: <a href=\"http://coherence.beebits.net/wiki/RhythmBox\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://coherence.beebits.net/wiki/RhythmBox</a>\n\nI haven't tried any of this in Ubuntu, but I have TwonkyMedia running on my WD MyBook World Edition with great results.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T12:48:19.423", "id": "361", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T12:48:19.423", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "215", "parentId": "253", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "Here's a working combination I found:\n\nMediaTomb as the server (package <code>mediatomb</code>). I think almost any of the available uPnP servers should work but this is the one that was working when I found a client.\n\nFor clients I used Totem (for video) and Rhythmbox (for audio). I had to install and enable plugins for each of these to be used as a client.\n\nThe \"Coherence DLNA/uPnP Client\" plugin for Totem is packaged in <code>totem-plugins-extra</code>. Once you have installed and enabled it, uPnP servers are shown in the sidebar, a fact that does not appear to be documented and is not easy to discover.\n\nfor audio, the \"DLNA/uPnP sharing and control support\" is packaged in <code>rhythmbox-plugin-coherence</code>. Once enabled, a \"Shared\" category appears on the left hand side (under Playlists) listing the uPnP servers.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-30T09:30:44.610", "id": "485", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-30T09:30:44.610", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "115", "parentId": "253", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I've had ok results (can crash) with rygel, at least it works with my xbox, no configuration required. Getting my Panasonic G20 to discover it however is turning out to be a lost cause, I just might give up and fudge a USB gadget to create a pseudo hard drive and attach that to the TV.\n\nCan anyone comment on what the dominant DNLA project for Linux is? I want to contribute bug fixes but not to a dead end. Thanks.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-11-20T18:19:23.627", "id": "81079", "lastActivityDate": "2011-11-20T18:19:23.627", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "6045", "parentId": "253", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "My recommendation for a DLNA enabled media client/server system is Plex.\n\n<a href=\"http://www.plexapp.com/\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://www.plexapp.com/</a>\n\nIt's gone closed source as they are obviously trying to make some money out of it now but it's as close to flawless as I've found.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2013-03-31T21:27:53.920", "id": "276592", "lastActivityDate": "2013-03-31T21:27:53.920", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "125717", "parentId": "253", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" } ]

null

256

1

263

2010-07-29T02:25:00.180

34

24757

SSD drives need to be "cleared/reset" after the drive fills up to maintain performance. This is done through the TRIM command for new SSD drives. Does Ubuntu support the TRIM command (through hdparm etc) for clearing/resetting of these drives?

170

235

2012-10-25T04:48:43.910

2012-10-25T04:49:03.413

Does Ubuntu have support for the TRIM command for use with SSD?

[ "kernel", "ssd", "trim" ]

5

2

CC BY-SA 2.5

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T02:36:32.117", "id": "193", "postId": "256", "score": "0", "text": "Good question, though note that the degree to which TRIM improves performance does vary amongst SSDs, for some it doesn't make as much difference as you'd think (though they mostly seem to be the slower ones anyway).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "57" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T03:30:59.097", "id": "199", "postId": "256", "score": "1", "text": "I think the performance would be restored to the same (if not close to) the factory defaults. Have a look here for an explanation -> http://www.anandtech.com/show/2738/10", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "170" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Looks like there is support for the TRIM functionality in the 10.10 and newer releases:\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/1400/how-do-i-optimize-the-os-for-ssds\">How do I optimize the OS for SSDs?</a></li>\n</ul>\n\nAlso, the TRIM stuff happens automatically - empty blocks are automatically released when they're no longer needed (eg, you delete a file), if the disk reports that it supports TRIM. You don't have to manually issue a hdparm command for this to work.\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T03:29:17.613", "id": "198", "postId": "263", "score": "0", "text": "I thought you still had to use tools which \"sent\" the TRIM command to the SDD. It's good if it works as you specify. :)\n\nThis Anandtech article -> (http://www.anandtech.com/show/2738/10) specifies that for TRIM to work, both the OS and the SSD need TRIM support. I guess my question is about the OS/Linux support for TRIM when used with TRIM-aware SSD drives.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "170" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T03:43:51.317", "id": "203", "postId": "263", "score": "3", "text": "The TRIM command needs to know which block(s) to free up, so it'd be dangerous issuing this without knowing exactly which blocks on the disk are not used.\n\nYes, both the OS and the disk need to have trim support. In Linux, this was added in kernel version 2.6.33, so will be included in Maverick. Both the disk driver the filesystem you're using need to support trim for this to properly work. If you're using ext4 as your filesystem on Maverick, you should be fine.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "192" }, { "creationDate": "2010-09-03T12:08:49.910", "id": "3553", "postId": "263", "score": "0", "text": "I wonder then whether it will be possible for existing SSDs to undergo a \"retrofitted TRIM\" in order to clean up the existing cruft accumulated prior to the OS supporting TRIM. Or would a reinstall be required?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1933" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T03:20:43.927", "id": "263", "lastActivityDate": "2012-10-25T04:49:03.413", "lastEditDate": "2017-04-13T12:23:07.557", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "192", "parentId": "256", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "24" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "Looks like there is support for the TRIM functionality in the 10.10 and newer releases:\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/1400/how-do-i-optimize-the-os-for-ssds\">How do I optimize the OS for SSDs?</a></li>\n</ul>\n\nAlso, the TRIM stuff happens automatically - empty blocks are automatically released when they're no longer needed (eg, you delete a file), if the disk reports that it supports TRIM. You don't have to manually issue a hdparm command for this to work.\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T03:29:17.613", "id": "198", "postId": "263", "score": "0", "text": "I thought you still had to use tools which \"sent\" the TRIM command to the SDD. It's good if it works as you specify. :)\n\nThis Anandtech article -> (http://www.anandtech.com/show/2738/10) specifies that for TRIM to work, both the OS and the SSD need TRIM support. I guess my question is about the OS/Linux support for TRIM when used with TRIM-aware SSD drives.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "170" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T03:43:51.317", "id": "203", "postId": "263", "score": "3", "text": "The TRIM command needs to know which block(s) to free up, so it'd be dangerous issuing this without knowing exactly which blocks on the disk are not used.\n\nYes, both the OS and the disk need to have trim support. In Linux, this was added in kernel version 2.6.33, so will be included in Maverick. Both the disk driver the filesystem you're using need to support trim for this to properly work. If you're using ext4 as your filesystem on Maverick, you should be fine.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "192" }, { "creationDate": "2010-09-03T12:08:49.910", "id": "3553", "postId": "263", "score": "0", "text": "I wonder then whether it will be possible for existing SSDs to undergo a \"retrofitted TRIM\" in order to clean up the existing cruft accumulated prior to the OS supporting TRIM. Or would a reinstall be required?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1933" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T03:20:43.927", "id": "263", "lastActivityDate": "2012-10-25T04:49:03.413", "lastEditDate": "2017-04-13T12:23:07.557", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "192", "parentId": "256", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "24" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Jeremy's answer is not entirely accurate AFAIK. I've been running the latest stable kernels on Lucid for some time now and have been following the status of TRIM quite keenly as I have an OCZ Agility as my main disk.\n\nHere's what (I think) I know:\n\n<ul>\n<li>The kernel has TRIM support as of 2.6.33 (Maverick is 2.6.35).</li>\n<li>EXT4 has TRIM support but only when <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journaling_file_system\">journaling</a> is turned off.</li>\n<li>The way TRIM works in the kernel is very basic and quite slow. Disks following the specs can accept multiple ranges but the kernel currently can only do one range at a time. This comes from something I read perhaps a month ago. I wish I had the source as this might not be true or might no longer apply.</li>\n</ul>\n\nJournalling is what kills it for me. Data corruption is a PITA.\n\nHowever the newer versions of hdparm (v9.25 - Maverick is at v9.27) come with a script called <code>wiper.sh</code> which performs a quick analysis of a drive and then trims all the empty space. Rather than lose features, I find it much easier to cron <code>wiper.sh</code> to run once a week (or once a day/month/whatever). SSD degradation for an OS drive doesn't happen that fast unless you're constantly tearing things up. You don't need realtime TRIMming.\n\nThere is also a GUI frontend called <a href=\"http://disktrim.sourceforge.net/\">DiskTRIM</a> which doesn't appear to be in the repos. Less experienced users might find this easier to use than setting up cron jobs.\n\nThere are PPAs for hdparm and disktrim and all can be run on Lucid (and further back) without need for 2.6.33+ kernels.\n", "commentCount": "4", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-09-22T15:57:42.313", "id": "4674", "postId": "4568", "score": "0", "text": "Can you link to those PPAs please?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "235" }, { "creationDate": "2012-03-04T12:19:25.493", "id": "129439", "postId": "4568", "score": "1", "text": "So does enabling the `discard` mount option for ext4 disable journalling? I've just been searching for references but I can't find one apart from this answer - can you provide a source?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "150" }, { "creationDate": "2012-05-07T22:40:48.820", "id": "158803", "postId": "4568", "score": "2", "text": "in Ubuntu 12.04 the wiper.sh has been replaced with fstrim", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "36261" }, { "creationDate": "2012-05-12T20:09:40.207", "id": "162061", "postId": "4568", "score": "1", "text": "@Oli: I've done some more reading and I'm now pretty sure that the discard option **does not** disable the journal. Afaict originally the discard option **only** worked with the journal (I found [this patch](http://kerneltrap.org/mailarchive/linux-ext4/2010/5/13/6884480) that allows discard without the journal). The [kernel ext4 page](http://kernel.org/doc/Documentation/filesystems/ext4.txt) documents the discard option but does not mention the journal is incompatible.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "150" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-09-22T15:29:14.927", "id": "4568", "lastActivityDate": "2010-09-22T15:29:14.927", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "449", "parentId": "256", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "20" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "In general, yes, because there are a bevy of ways to obtain newer kernels. If we clarify your question to read, \"Does 10.04 LTS have support out of the box for the command?\" then the answer is no. However, both Maverick's and Natty's kernels (-generic, -generic-pae, -server, and -virtual flavors) have been backported to 10.04 LTS and are available from $release-updates in the Ubuntu repositories, e.g., <code>linux-image-generic-lts-backport-maverick</code> is <a href=\"http://packages.ubuntu.com/lucid-updates/linux-image-generic-lts-backport-maverick\" rel=\"nofollow\">Maverick's backport to Lucid</a>.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-11-23T18:12:48.023", "id": "14574", "lastActivityDate": "2010-12-23T15:08:41.673", "lastEditDate": "2010-12-23T15:08:41.673", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "6369", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "6369", "parentId": "256", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Linux has support for automatic TRIM with ETX4 file system since kernel 2.6.33. \n\nThe first Ubuntu release with automatic TRIM support is 10.10 (Maveric), but it has to be activated in fstab (as described <a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/18903/how-to-enable-trim/19480#19480\">here</a>). \n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-12-30T23:29:57.800", "id": "19494", "lastActivityDate": "2010-12-30T23:29:57.800", "lastEditDate": "2017-04-13T12:23:07.557", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "2919", "parentId": "256", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "8" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I'm running 11.04 and it doesn't look like TRIM is working according out of the box.\n\nI tested <a href=\"https://sites.google.com/site/lightrush/random-1/checkiftrimonext4isenabledandworking\" rel=\"nofollow\">using the instructions here to create a file, delete it, and see if the sectors get zeroed out/deleted</a>.\n\nI tried to enable TRIM <a href=\"https://sites.google.com/site/lightrush/random-1/howtoconfigureext4toenabletrimforssdsonubuntu\" rel=\"nofollow\">using the instructions here,</a> but no dice\n\nI run wiper.sh, I get\n\n<pre>\n/sbin/wiper.sh --verbose --commit /dev/sda1\nwiper.sh: Linux SATA SSD TRIM utility, version 3.3, by Mark Lord.\nrootdev=/dev/sda1\nfsmode2: fsmode=read-write\n/: fstype=ext4\nfreesize = 13785252 KB, reserved = 137852 KB\nPreparing for online TRIM of free space on /dev/sda1 (ext4 mounted read-write at /).\n\nThis operation could silently destroy your data. Are you sure (y/N)? y\nCreating temporary file (13647400 KB)..\nSyncing disks..\nBeginning TRIM operations..\nget_trimlist=/sbin/hdparm --fibmap WIPER_TMPFILE.9689\n\n/dev/sda:\ntrimming 27294800 sectors from 462 ranges\nsucceeded\nRemoving temporary file..\nSyncing disks..\nDone.\n</pre>\n\nHowever if I run it again, it shows the same number of sectors/ranges need to be trimmed, and reports success again. I get exactly the same thing every time. It doesn't look like the sectors are ever deleted/freed. Reading them still shows the same data.\n\nCurious if anyone else has got it to work.\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-02-06T22:55:23.333", "id": "27420", "postId": "24992", "score": "0", "text": "If you added the discard option to fstab and it is still not working its probably a bug in the alpha. You should file a bug report.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2919" }, { "creationDate": "2011-04-27T19:21:48.853", "id": "41412", "postId": "24992", "score": "0", "text": "I just tested this in natty (following these instruction: http://askubuntu.com/questions/18903/how-to-enable-trim) and its working even better in natty, TRIM is almost instantaneous.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2919" }, { "creationDate": "2012-05-12T20:11:13.620", "id": "162062", "postId": "24992", "score": "0", "text": "It's possible you have an SSD that does not support TRIM - quite a few of the earlier SSDs did not support TRIM.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "150" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2011-02-06T03:43:20.710", "id": "24992", "lastActivityDate": "2011-02-06T03:52:05.250", "lastEditDate": "2011-02-06T03:52:05.250", "lastEditorDisplayName": "user10292", "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": "user10292", "ownerUserId": null, "parentId": "256", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" } ]

null

261

1

275

2010-07-29T02:54:35.537

11

328

Whenever I install Ubuntu there are certain applications I automatically install, instead of using Ubuntu's default (VLC comes to mind). My question is about how some software is chosen over others to a . Is it by the community? Is there a committee?

175

25863

2012-06-18T18:24:00.190

How are applications selected as defaults?

[ "default", "versions" ]

4

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Generally changes are proposed and debated by the community at the Ubuntu Development Summit. See, for example, the\n<a href=\"https://blueprints.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+spec/desktop-maverick-desktop-application-selection\" rel=\"nofollow\">Maverick Desktop Application Selection</a> blueprint.\n\nThere are some rules; the application must be in the main repository (which means it will be officially supported) and it and its dependencies must fit on the install CD. Applications can be moved into main by going through the <a href=\"https://wiki.ubuntu.com/MainInclusionProcess\" rel=\"nofollow\">main inclusion process</a>.\n\nThe <a href=\"https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DesktopTeam\" rel=\"nofollow\">Ubuntu Desktop Team</a> is ultimately responsible for supporting and maintaining the default desktop applications. They conduct their weekly meetings openly on IRC and post the minutes to the ubuntu wiki.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T04:20:08.143", "id": "209", "postId": "275", "score": "0", "text": "Similarly, in Kubuntu the team makes such decisions either during the UDS or if necessary later in the development process in a meeting.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T04:16:46.023", "id": "275", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T04:16:46.023", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "115", "parentId": "261", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "11" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "Well, first of all, only the applications that are included with the CD / ISO can be set as the default. And because there is little overlap between the included applications, there is little choice to be made as to the default.\n\nThe real underlying question is \"How are the included applications chosen?\"\n\n<hr>\n\nHere is some helpful information from <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubuntu_%28operating_system%29\" rel=\"nofollow\">Wikipedia</a>:\n\n<blockquote>\n At the beginning of a new development cycle, Ubuntu developers from around the world gather to help shape and scope the next release of Ubuntu. The summit is open to the public, but it is not a conference, exhibition or other audience-oriented event. Rather, it is an opportunity for Ubuntu developers, who usually collaborate online, to work together in person on specific tasks.\n</blockquote>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T03:04:07.450", "id": "262", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T03:04:07.450", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5", "parentId": "261", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "All applications to be included must be in <code>main</code>, and therefore must undergo the <a href=\"https://wiki.ubuntu.com/MainInclusionProcess\" rel=\"nofollow\">Main Inclusion Process</a>. \n\nIf there's a good justification for a specific application, it dosen't pull in too many deps, and provides a increase in usability, it'll get included. \n\nTo discuss your specific example, I personally love VLC but its UI can be daunting at first. \n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T03:48:56.637", "id": "266", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T03:48:56.637", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "66", "parentId": "261", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "Generally changes are proposed and debated by the community at the Ubuntu Development Summit. See, for example, the\n<a href=\"https://blueprints.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+spec/desktop-maverick-desktop-application-selection\" rel=\"nofollow\">Maverick Desktop Application Selection</a> blueprint.\n\nThere are some rules; the application must be in the main repository (which means it will be officially supported) and it and its dependencies must fit on the install CD. Applications can be moved into main by going through the <a href=\"https://wiki.ubuntu.com/MainInclusionProcess\" rel=\"nofollow\">main inclusion process</a>.\n\nThe <a href=\"https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DesktopTeam\" rel=\"nofollow\">Ubuntu Desktop Team</a> is ultimately responsible for supporting and maintaining the default desktop applications. They conduct their weekly meetings openly on IRC and post the minutes to the ubuntu wiki.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T04:20:08.143", "id": "209", "postId": "275", "score": "0", "text": "Similarly, in Kubuntu the team makes such decisions either during the UDS or if necessary later in the development process in a meeting.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T04:16:46.023", "id": "275", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T04:16:46.023", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "115", "parentId": "261", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "11" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Although I'm unsure how it was first done, the default packages that are in each release ISO are the same as the previous release ISO. Sometimes there is a need to change a package (default package is broken, there is a much better package now, etc). If this happens, there will be a session at <a href=\"http://uds.ubuntu.com/\" rel=\"nofollow\">UDS</a> to discuss changing the default package (reasoning, changing it to what, how would that affect support/upgrades/etc). The discussion is open to anyone that wants to discuss it. It looks like the last time this was discussed was UDS-P (12.04). Here are the <a href=\"http://summit.ubuntu.com/uds-p/meeting/19442/desktop-p-default-apps/\" rel=\"nofollow\">notes</a> from it.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-07-02T20:21:39.767", "id": "158786", "lastActivityDate": "2012-07-02T20:21:39.767", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "2159", "parentId": "261", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" } ]

null

0

null

270

1

274

2010-07-29T04:05:02.773

5

465

I know of bugs where there is a fix available, which has been posted upstream. However, the upstream maintainer hasn't responded to the patch, or applied it to the project's source code. Would it be suitable to submit the fix for inclusion in Ubuntu, and if so, would I go about doing this?

192

1067

2010-12-27T13:42:54.750

How do I get a patch applied to a package, when the upstream maintainer does not seem active?

[ "packaging", "bug-reporting", "patch", "upstream" ]

3

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "The patch can be submitted in from of a bug report, or if a report of the issue already exists , as an comment at <a href=\"https://bugs.launchpad.net\" rel=\"nofollow\">launchpad</a>. Please make sure to mark the uploaded file as a patch (there is a checkbox for that), because this will make it easier for us to find patches.\n", "commentCount": "4", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T04:21:20.543", "id": "210", "postId": "274", "score": "0", "text": "I've already done that - I assume the bug folks are pretty busy, and this is a fairly low-priority package. Is it possible to help out by proposing some kind of patch to the package metadata myself?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "192" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T04:23:04.193", "id": "211", "postId": "274", "score": "0", "text": "Which package? Have you also tried forwarding the bug to Debian?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "66" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T04:26:31.680", "id": "212", "postId": "274", "score": "0", "text": "libmeanwhile1. How do I forward the bug to Debian?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "192" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T06:16:41.657", "id": "226", "postId": "274", "score": "1", "text": "Search for the bug on bugs.debian.org and if the bug already exists, then post your patch over there. Else, look to see whether the bug is Ubuntu only (look at patches.ubuntu.com and see if your patch has anything to do with ubuntu changes to that packages, ask someone on debian to test that package for you, use a VM, etc). If the bug affects debian also, report it using any of the tools available (`reportbug` package, email, etc) and add your patch there.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "203" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T04:16:40.470", "id": "274", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T04:16:40.470", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "4", "parentId": "270", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "The patch can be submitted in from of a bug report, or if a report of the issue already exists , as an comment at <a href=\"https://bugs.launchpad.net\" rel=\"nofollow\">launchpad</a>. Please make sure to mark the uploaded file as a patch (there is a checkbox for that), because this will make it easier for us to find patches.\n", "commentCount": "4", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T04:21:20.543", "id": "210", "postId": "274", "score": "0", "text": "I've already done that - I assume the bug folks are pretty busy, and this is a fairly low-priority package. Is it possible to help out by proposing some kind of patch to the package metadata myself?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "192" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T04:23:04.193", "id": "211", "postId": "274", "score": "0", "text": "Which package? Have you also tried forwarding the bug to Debian?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "66" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T04:26:31.680", "id": "212", "postId": "274", "score": "0", "text": "libmeanwhile1. How do I forward the bug to Debian?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "192" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T06:16:41.657", "id": "226", "postId": "274", "score": "1", "text": "Search for the bug on bugs.debian.org and if the bug already exists, then post your patch over there. Else, look to see whether the bug is Ubuntu only (look at patches.ubuntu.com and see if your patch has anything to do with ubuntu changes to that packages, ask someone on debian to test that package for you, use a VM, etc). If the bug affects debian also, report it using any of the tools available (`reportbug` package, email, etc) and add your patch there.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "203" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T04:16:40.470", "id": "274", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T04:16:40.470", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "4", "parentId": "270", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "The proper way to do this is to first make sure that the package uses a patch system, and if it doesn't set it up to use Quilt. There should be answers on this site for how to do that.\n\nThen, create a new version of the package using dch -i. Add your changes (such as use of a patch system) to the changelog, add your patch into the patch system, and then test the package (locally or in a PPA).\n\nFrom there, you can attach a debdiff to the bug report, tag it \"patch\", and start hunting for a sponsor. A debdiff makes it very easy for a developer to just see your latest version of the package (patch included) and upload it themselves.\n\nYou could skip some of these steps and just attach the patch to the upstream source code to the bug report, but then your sponsor would need to do them all for you, and that means it'll probably take longer and it'll be harder to find a sponsor (since your package seems like an uncommon one, it's likely no developers are even familiar with it and thus might be reluctant to apply a patch).\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-09-30T08:52:42.467", "id": "4952", "lastActivityDate": "2010-09-30T08:52:42.467", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "2558", "parentId": "270", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "7" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Here's a pretty decent rundown for historical linkage: <a href=\"https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Bugs/HowToFix\" rel=\"nofollow\">https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Bugs/HowToFix</a>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-11-23T18:16:15.027", "id": "14575", "lastActivityDate": "2010-11-23T18:16:15.027", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "6369", "parentId": "270", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" } ]

null

276

1

316

2010-07-29T04:22:09.747

6

406

I have a Dell XPS M1330 running Kubuntu 10.04. When I resume from suspend, <ol> <li>I get the blank lockscreen I set up, but I can't move my mouse, it's in the upper left hand corner of the screen. </li> <li>The computer takes some time, some toaster notifications flash (above the screensaver for a second, then hiding)</li> <li>I hear the "welcome back" tones. </li> <li>I can move my mouse and log in.</li> </ol> This whole process can take anywhere between 15 and 45 seconds. Is there a way to figure out what is causing this delay, and to hopefully resolve it?

66

174392

2013-11-27T22:12:14.297

Why does my Kubuntu session take considerable time before responding after resume?

[ "kubuntu", "kde", "suspend" ]

3

2

CC BY-SA 2.5

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T04:34:26.790", "id": "213", "postId": "276", "score": "0", "text": "Is this only happening with the Dell or with other hardware too?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T04:51:07.020", "id": "216", "postId": "276", "score": "0", "text": "I've only seen it happen on my laptop, but S/R doesn't work at all on the desky.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "66" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Depending on the speed of your drive, 'paging in' the contents of running application's memory from disk can take a considerable amount of time when the system wakes up.\n\nThis also depends on what the kernel has 'paged out' (to swap) prior to going into the suspended state. You'll probably also notice that even once you can move the mouse around, going back to certain applications produces another slight pause while the drive activity light comes on for a few moments. \n\nI see the same behavior on my netbook, more prominently when I have 30+ tabs open in Chrome prior to suspending. \n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T13:53:08.870", "id": "294", "postId": "316", "score": "0", "text": "Cool. Anything I can do about it?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "66" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T15:01:07.223", "id": "320", "postId": "316", "score": "0", "text": "You can try setting /proc/sys/vm/swappiness to 0, which may make paging back applications a little easier once the system has fully woken up. This just affects running application responsiveness once that happens, however, not really the speed at which the system finally becomes responsive as a whole.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "50" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T09:35:05.340", "id": "316", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T09:35:05.340", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "50", "parentId": "276", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "Depending on the speed of your drive, 'paging in' the contents of running application's memory from disk can take a considerable amount of time when the system wakes up.\n\nThis also depends on what the kernel has 'paged out' (to swap) prior to going into the suspended state. You'll probably also notice that even once you can move the mouse around, going back to certain applications produces another slight pause while the drive activity light comes on for a few moments. \n\nI see the same behavior on my netbook, more prominently when I have 30+ tabs open in Chrome prior to suspending. \n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T13:53:08.870", "id": "294", "postId": "316", "score": "0", "text": "Cool. Anything I can do about it?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "66" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T15:01:07.223", "id": "320", "postId": "316", "score": "0", "text": "You can try setting /proc/sys/vm/swappiness to 0, which may make paging back applications a little easier once the system has fully woken up. This just affects running application responsiveness once that happens, however, not really the speed at which the system finally becomes responsive as a whole.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "50" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T09:35:05.340", "id": "316", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T09:35:05.340", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "50", "parentId": "276", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "You could profile the backend KDE components causing the symptom. Start by using the <code>pm-utils</code> hooks.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-11-23T18:08:16.003", "id": "14573", "lastActivityDate": "2012-08-15T21:10:54.243", "lastEditDate": "2012-08-15T21:10:54.243", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "22949", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "6369", "parentId": "276", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "This is not dependent on Dell hardware, as it also happened on my Lenovo X201. Apparently, this is an issue caused by timeouts in the networking stack (e.g. an unconnected eth0 waiting for a DHCP answer). For me, it was fixed by removing the \"auto eth0\" line from /etc/network/interfaces, as described here: <a href=\"https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+bug/217846/comments/23\" rel=\"nofollow\">https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+bug/217846/comments/23</a>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-05-16T09:36:10.130", "id": "43127", "lastActivityDate": "2011-05-16T09:36:10.130", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "17783", "parentId": "276", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" } ]

null

0

null

277

1

2089

2010-07-29T04:51:11.450

1

101

Using lucid Kubunu Network Release, every time I reboot some of my favourites are missing. Do I have to log out in order to save them? How can I do that without logging out?

4

2010-08-05T18:27:18.623

2010-08-12T21:10:43.560

How can I save my favourites in KNR search and launch page?

[ "knr" ]

1

6

CC BY-SA 2.5

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T14:53:01.643", "id": "317", "postId": "277", "score": "1", "text": "What application are you using?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "66" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-04T17:57:17.967", "id": "829", "postId": "277", "score": "0", "text": "i.e. quassel. However, it is irrelevant what I add there, I can add anything that is available through the menu structure. The issue is, that after login out and in again, the favorites are the defaults again.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-06T18:17:29.720", "id": "1326", "postId": "277", "score": "0", "text": "Which version of KDE SC are you using?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "295" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-06T18:26:43.163", "id": "1329", "postId": "277", "score": "0", "text": "4.4.2. the standard of lucid", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-05T09:59:43.270", "id": "1471057", "postId": "277", "score": "0", "text": "What is KNR search and launch page?\nIt seems to be a website, so it's not related to Ubuntu!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "271" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-05T11:37:19.983", "id": "1471058", "postId": "277", "score": "0", "text": "KNR means Kubuntu Netbook Remix", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "305" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "I think the favourites in Kickoff and S&L are separate lists. Click the gold star on the ones you find on the S&L page to put them in the Favourites section. If they're not staying put, report a bug.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-08-12T21:57:28.903", "id": "2003", "postId": "2089", "score": "0", "text": "Yeah. I think it is a bug. I will report it.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-12T21:10:43.560", "id": "2089", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-12T21:10:43.560", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "1158", "parentId": "277", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "I think the favourites in Kickoff and S&L are separate lists. Click the gold star on the ones you find on the S&L page to put them in the Favourites section. If they're not staying put, report a bug.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-08-12T21:57:28.903", "id": "2003", "postId": "2089", "score": "0", "text": "Yeah. I think it is a bug. I will report it.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-12T21:10:43.560", "id": "2089", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-12T21:10:43.560", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "1158", "parentId": "277", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" } ]

null

278

1

288

2010-07-29T05:18:55.553

10

4714

(This might not be an Ubuntu-specific question?) When I installed 9.10, I opted to encrypt my home folder using ecryptfs, but then I discovered this locked me out of my ext3 partition when I tried to access it from Windows on my dual-boot machine (using some free ext2/3 driver that I got somewhere, not even sure which one). Is there a way to mount an encrypted home folder in Windows?

199

2010-07-29T06:10:10.453

2016-02-11T14:07:20.357

How do I access an encrypted home folder from a dual-boot machine?

[ "encryption", "partitioning", "dual-boot", "windows" ]

2

CC BY-SA 2.5

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T05:51:14.063", "id": "220", "postId": "278", "score": "0", "text": "Did you encrypt the actual /home partition using say dm-crypt/LUKS or did you have your user created with the actual home directory encrypted (say /home/jono/) with ecryptfs? In simpler terms, did you do the select the encryption during partitioning or during user handling?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "24" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T06:10:27.410", "id": "224", "postId": "278", "score": "0", "text": "I rephrased it a bit; yes, I used ecryptfs.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "199" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Unfortunately, it looks like no Windows support for ecryptfs is planned: <a href=\"https://answers.launchpad.net/ecryptfs/+question/63520\" rel=\"nofollow\">\nIs there a windows port of this available or in the works? </a>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-31T13:11:54.447", "id": "525", "postId": "288", "score": "1", "text": "That's such a shame to hear!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "199" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T06:50:26.690", "id": "288", "lastActivityDate": "2015-06-25T18:18:03.673", "lastEditDate": "2015-06-25T18:18:03.673", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "367165", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "192", "parentId": "278", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "8" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "If you use something like <a href=\"http://www.truecrypt.org/\" rel=\"nofollow\">TrueCrypt</a> you can access your drives from both Windows and Linux as long as you know the password. If you formatted it as ext2/3 you will need a ext2/3 driver to access it from Windows.\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T08:16:40.777", "id": "242", "postId": "285", "score": "1", "text": "I agree. If you've got a dual-or-more-boot environment, I'd use Truecrypt with a FAT32 partition.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "212" }, { "creationDate": "2012-10-07T12:11:16.247", "id": "245676", "postId": "285", "score": "0", "text": "I'd prefer `ntfs-3g` with an NTFS partiotion. Large files, but I'd rather have EXT4.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "54298" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T06:16:24.683", "id": "285", "lastActivityDate": "2015-06-25T18:18:22.243", "lastEditDate": "2015-06-25T18:18:22.243", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "367165", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "170", "parentId": "278", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "Unfortunately, it looks like no Windows support for ecryptfs is planned: <a href=\"https://answers.launchpad.net/ecryptfs/+question/63520\" rel=\"nofollow\">\nIs there a windows port of this available or in the works? </a>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-31T13:11:54.447", "id": "525", "postId": "288", "score": "1", "text": "That's such a shame to hear!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "199" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T06:50:26.690", "id": "288", "lastActivityDate": "2015-06-25T18:18:03.673", "lastEditDate": "2015-06-25T18:18:03.673", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "367165", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "192", "parentId": "278", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "8" } ]

null

279

1

281

2010-07-29T05:47:44.947

6

174

In the past, I've gone hog wild customizing my Ubuntu installation, only to be unable to upgrade it once the time came. So how does one go about customizing their install without running into issues upgrading? Is it possible to do so without relying solely on the Ubuntu repositories for software?

80

null

2012-08-13T11:09:42.080

What guidelines should one follow when customizing their install in order to maintain an upgrade path?

[ "upgrade", "customization" ]

1

2

CC BY-SA 2.5

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T05:51:02.630", "id": "219", "postId": "279", "score": "2", "text": "Can you tell us why you were unable to upgrade?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T06:26:11.233", "id": "231", "postId": "279", "score": "0", "text": "@georgeedison Unfortunately, I don't recall. It was about two years ago, going from one of the 8.x to a 9.x release. I had installed a bunch of things from source and third party repositories. Since then, I've avoided installing anything that isn't in the Ubuntu repositories, but I'd rather know how to approach this without being limited to those repositories.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "80" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "One important factor in making upgrades run smooth is not to do anything which confuses the package manager. That is, you shouldn't yourself touch areas of the system which the package manager expect to be its domain. A few concrete examples.\n\nIf you compile/install programs yourself using the ./configure; make; make install method, don't put them directly under <code>/usr</code>. It is better to use <code>/usr/local</code> or <code>/opt</code>, alternatively (even better) to roll your own deb packages.\n\nWhen you remove packages you can either do a normal removal or an explicit purge. Unless you purge the package the package manager might leave files behind under <code>/etc</code>, <code>/var</code> and so on. Do not delete these files yourself, as the package manager expects them to be there. Instead use your package manager to explicitly purge the remains of the package.\n\nUsing deb package from third party repositories should theoretically be safe, assuming they are carefully built etc. Yet, to be on the safe side you might want to consider removing those packages and/or repositories before you perform an upgrade to a new Ubuntu release. \n\n<hr>\n\nOk, let me see if I can add some more meat to this answer...\n\nFirst of all, everything you do in your home directory is perfectly safe in regards to the package manager. It will never touch anything under <code>/home</code>.\n\n(Of course, you can still cause yourself plenty of confusion by doing bad thing to your home directory. Luckily that is usually be recovered from by removing the broken configuration files from your home directory, and let them be re-created from default at the next use. Do note that the automatic re-creation of default config only goes for your personal configuration files, not the system wide stuff under <code>/etc</code>)\n\nIn the role of a (power) desktop user I guess the most common system wide creativity will be installing extra applications, libraries, emacs modes, etc? Again, the really important part is to always put none deb package stuff under <code>/usr/local</code> instead of under <code>/usr</code>; to use <code>/usr/local/bin</code> instead of <code>/usr/bin</code>, to use <code>/usr/local/share/emacs/23.1</code> instead of <code>/usr/share/emacs/23.1</code> and so on.\n\nOnce you start playing around with server daemons you will soon be confronted by the system wide configuration under <code>/etc</code>. While you generally can modify files under <code>/etc</code>, you should \"never\" actually remove a file or a directory there, unless it was you who created it yourself. Likewise should you be careful about yourself creating new files in there, in case they would later on collide with a configuration file the package manager want to create. That being said, there are definitely files which you can (and should) be created under <code>/etc</code>. On of the more common examples is defining your Apache VirtualHosts under <code>/etc/apache2/sites-available</code>.\n\nThere might be times when you want create files or directories under <code>/var</code>. While it is a completely different place than <code>/etc</code>, still consider the same rules about being careful and doing things on individual consideration.\n\nIn case you want to know more, it won't hurt you to take a peek at the <a href=\"http://www.pathname.com/fhs/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS)</a> or in the <a href=\"http://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Debian Policy Manual</a>. While it might be completely overkill in answering your original question, it is still a good read.\n", "commentCount": "6", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T06:29:18.480", "id": "232", "postId": "281", "score": "0", "text": "`That is, you shouldn't yourself touch areas of the system which the package manager expect to be its domain.` Beyond your examples, how can I determine which areas these are?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "80" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T06:48:43.370", "id": "235", "postId": "281", "score": "0", "text": "Primarily using your Ubuntu machine as a desktop or as a server?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "24" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T07:01:12.050", "id": "236", "postId": "281", "score": "0", "text": "Primarily as a desktop, though I'm a developer. So, I would be interested in knowing what issues are faced in both environments. If you have to pick one over the other (e.g. to keep things relatively short), I'd say desktop.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "80" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T13:33:24.097", "id": "290", "postId": "281", "score": "1", "text": "If I am not installing something from source system-wide, I generally create a ~/local/ directory and put those things there. Generally, if stuff hasn't radically changed during an upgrade, all of that stuff will still work without further intervention from me.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "243" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T15:33:32.377", "id": "327", "postId": "281", "score": "0", "text": "This is especially tedious for developers, who need versions of libraries not yet packaged. Great care should be taken to install these things in /usr/local and adjust linking accordingly / etc.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "50" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T18:48:53.513", "id": "352", "postId": "281", "score": "0", "text": "Thanks for the pointers and great info everyone. If there's any other reading that may be useful for this, feel free to share.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "80" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T06:07:32.940", "id": "281", "lastActivityDate": "2012-08-13T11:09:42.080", "lastEditDate": "2012-08-13T11:09:42.080", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "59676", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "24", "parentId": "279", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "One important factor in making upgrades run smooth is not to do anything which confuses the package manager. That is, you shouldn't yourself touch areas of the system which the package manager expect to be its domain. A few concrete examples.\n\nIf you compile/install programs yourself using the ./configure; make; make install method, don't put them directly under <code>/usr</code>. It is better to use <code>/usr/local</code> or <code>/opt</code>, alternatively (even better) to roll your own deb packages.\n\nWhen you remove packages you can either do a normal removal or an explicit purge. Unless you purge the package the package manager might leave files behind under <code>/etc</code>, <code>/var</code> and so on. Do not delete these files yourself, as the package manager expects them to be there. Instead use your package manager to explicitly purge the remains of the package.\n\nUsing deb package from third party repositories should theoretically be safe, assuming they are carefully built etc. Yet, to be on the safe side you might want to consider removing those packages and/or repositories before you perform an upgrade to a new Ubuntu release. \n\n<hr>\n\nOk, let me see if I can add some more meat to this answer...\n\nFirst of all, everything you do in your home directory is perfectly safe in regards to the package manager. It will never touch anything under <code>/home</code>.\n\n(Of course, you can still cause yourself plenty of confusion by doing bad thing to your home directory. Luckily that is usually be recovered from by removing the broken configuration files from your home directory, and let them be re-created from default at the next use. Do note that the automatic re-creation of default config only goes for your personal configuration files, not the system wide stuff under <code>/etc</code>)\n\nIn the role of a (power) desktop user I guess the most common system wide creativity will be installing extra applications, libraries, emacs modes, etc? Again, the really important part is to always put none deb package stuff under <code>/usr/local</code> instead of under <code>/usr</code>; to use <code>/usr/local/bin</code> instead of <code>/usr/bin</code>, to use <code>/usr/local/share/emacs/23.1</code> instead of <code>/usr/share/emacs/23.1</code> and so on.\n\nOnce you start playing around with server daemons you will soon be confronted by the system wide configuration under <code>/etc</code>. While you generally can modify files under <code>/etc</code>, you should \"never\" actually remove a file or a directory there, unless it was you who created it yourself. Likewise should you be careful about yourself creating new files in there, in case they would later on collide with a configuration file the package manager want to create. That being said, there are definitely files which you can (and should) be created under <code>/etc</code>. On of the more common examples is defining your Apache VirtualHosts under <code>/etc/apache2/sites-available</code>.\n\nThere might be times when you want create files or directories under <code>/var</code>. While it is a completely different place than <code>/etc</code>, still consider the same rules about being careful and doing things on individual consideration.\n\nIn case you want to know more, it won't hurt you to take a peek at the <a href=\"http://www.pathname.com/fhs/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS)</a> or in the <a href=\"http://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Debian Policy Manual</a>. While it might be completely overkill in answering your original question, it is still a good read.\n", "commentCount": "6", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T06:29:18.480", "id": "232", "postId": "281", "score": "0", "text": "`That is, you shouldn't yourself touch areas of the system which the package manager expect to be its domain.` Beyond your examples, how can I determine which areas these are?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "80" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T06:48:43.370", "id": "235", "postId": "281", "score": "0", "text": "Primarily using your Ubuntu machine as a desktop or as a server?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "24" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T07:01:12.050", "id": "236", "postId": "281", "score": "0", "text": "Primarily as a desktop, though I'm a developer. So, I would be interested in knowing what issues are faced in both environments. If you have to pick one over the other (e.g. to keep things relatively short), I'd say desktop.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "80" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T13:33:24.097", "id": "290", "postId": "281", "score": "1", "text": "If I am not installing something from source system-wide, I generally create a ~/local/ directory and put those things there. Generally, if stuff hasn't radically changed during an upgrade, all of that stuff will still work without further intervention from me.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "243" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T15:33:32.377", "id": "327", "postId": "281", "score": "0", "text": "This is especially tedious for developers, who need versions of libraries not yet packaged. Great care should be taken to install these things in /usr/local and adjust linking accordingly / etc.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "50" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T18:48:53.513", "id": "352", "postId": "281", "score": "0", "text": "Thanks for the pointers and great info everyone. If there's any other reading that may be useful for this, feel free to share.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "80" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T06:07:32.940", "id": "281", "lastActivityDate": "2012-08-13T11:09:42.080", "lastEditDate": "2012-08-13T11:09:42.080", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "59676", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "24", "parentId": "279", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" } ]

null

280

1

928

2010-07-29T05:49:08.717

2

733

I have a dual screen setup. I have a notebook LCD and a 17" monitor plugged into the VGA port on the notebook. I have a GeForce 8400M GS video card with the NVidia 195.36.24 kernel module installed. I also have Compiz installed and enabled. Here is the problem: when I try to view a webpage that uses the Flash player, the control is empty. For controls that play sound, I can actually hear the sound, but I can't see anything. It works fine on the primary (LCD) monitor. I'm using Ubuntu 10.04 64-bit.

5

274320

2015-12-15T15:09:00.387

Help getting the Flash player working on second screen?

[ "video", "xorg", "nvidia", "flash" ]

1

5

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T06:05:42.570", "id": "223", "postId": "280", "score": "0", "text": "Does the open-source nvidia driver work on your system? You can try this out with the 'xserver-xorg-video-nouveau' package.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "192" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T06:12:03.930", "id": "225", "postId": "280", "score": "0", "text": "@Jeremy: Could this really be the problem? And will the open-source driver provide all of the same capabilities?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T06:35:22.120", "id": "233", "postId": "280", "score": "1", "text": "I'd suggest it as a (potential!) easy fix. The nouveau driver is getting better all the time; for 2D stuff it should be on-par with the nv driver (https://wiki.ubuntu.com/X/Drivers for details). Since it's using more of the standard kernel framework, I'd guess that this dual-monitor problem wouldn't occur. However, I'm no Xorg hacker, so I could be completely wrong! :)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "192" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T06:46:50.287", "id": "234", "postId": "280", "score": "0", "text": "@Jeremy: Don't forget I use Compiz :)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T08:03:32.087", "id": "241", "postId": "280", "score": "0", "text": "it still has 2d acceleration, so might be good enough for compiz", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "192" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Run nvidia-settings and make sure that you are using Twin-View rather than Xinerama or a \"Separate X screen\". If that doesn't solve your problem, check and see if disabling flash hardware acceleration solves the problem (keep in mind that flash has little to no benefit from linux hw-accel as of this post).\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-05T00:10:26.750", "id": "928", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-05T00:10:26.750", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "514", "parentId": "280", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "Run nvidia-settings and make sure that you are using Twin-View rather than Xinerama or a \"Separate X screen\". If that doesn't solve your problem, check and see if disabling flash hardware acceleration solves the problem (keep in mind that flash has little to no benefit from linux hw-accel as of this post).\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-05T00:10:26.750", "id": "928", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-05T00:10:26.750", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "514", "parentId": "280", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" } ]

null

282

1

3296

2010-07-29T06:09:02.750

6

2816

I've been running UNR on my eee 1000 pretty much since it came out over a year ago (I was using easy-peasy before that), but I'm curious about the new Kubuntu netbook edition. Ultimately, KDE is better looking, and has some really friendly software, but I'm worried about performance - that display has got to be a processor hog (and by association, battery!), no? How much does Kubuntu netbook edition impact battery life?

199

41

2010-09-02T04:06:41.133

2015-01-08T05:39:31.340

Netbook Edition battery life - Ubuntu vs. Kubuntu?

[ "performance", "battery", "ubuntu-netbook", "kubuntu-netbook" ]

3

1

CC BY-SA 2.5

[ { "creationDate": "2011-07-22T10:37:10.223", "id": "60690", "postId": "282", "score": "1", "text": "Phoronix has made [a comparison of power and memory usage of GNOME, KDE, LXDE and Xfce](http://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&item=linux_desktop_vitals&num=1). Even if UNR use Unity and Kubuntu netbook edition may be different from vanilla KDE that article might be interesting for you.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "19490" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Kubuntu Netbook Edition, running on my Asus eeePC 1000H is flat out unusable. The interface is so slow, I can sit and wait for 30 seconds for a button to press, or the task switcher to come up.\nI've switched off all graphic enhancements, and I still can't see me using this thing. Makes the whole battery issue moot. Next up: Jolicloud!\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-29T23:13:47.467", "id": "3296", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-29T23:13:47.467", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "199", "parentId": "282", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "The battery life should be relatively the same for each of them. Sure there will be a difference but it will be negligible.\n\nThe bigger issue here, I think, is your concern over the importance of battery life.\n\nWhich is more valuable:\n\n<ul>\n<li>the battery life</li>\n<li>using a desktop environment that you are more comfortable in and familiar with</li>\n</ul>\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T06:20:05.800", "id": "228", "postId": "284", "score": "0", "text": "To add to this, I've used Ubuntu and Crunchbang(openbox) on my Asus 1000HE and I got pretty equal battery life out of both. I never ran any tests, but I didn't notice any difference in consumption between the window managers.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "102" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-31T13:09:28.993", "id": "524", "postId": "284", "score": "0", "text": "my concern over battery life depends on how severely KDE impacts it. If, to take it to the extreme, I have to choose between battery and KDE, I'd go with battery and wait for KDE on another system. If the difference isn't so bad, then I might give it a try.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "199" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T06:14:59.570", "id": "284", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T06:14:59.570", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5", "parentId": "282", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "Kubuntu Netbook Edition, running on my Asus eeePC 1000H is flat out unusable. The interface is so slow, I can sit and wait for 30 seconds for a button to press, or the task switcher to come up.\nI've switched off all graphic enhancements, and I still can't see me using this thing. Makes the whole battery issue moot. Next up: Jolicloud!\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-29T23:13:47.467", "id": "3296", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-29T23:13:47.467", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "199", "parentId": "282", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I suggest LUbuntu, it is a lighter OS so will allow your CPU to run slower, this adds up to longer battery life :)\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-07-22T11:10:31.610", "id": "60697", "postId": "54111", "score": "0", "text": "The question was about Ubuntu vs Kubuntu, not alternatives. Besides, I doubt if Lubuntu is suitable for netbooks.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "6969" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-07-22T09:47:47.783", "id": "54111", "lastActivityDate": "2011-07-22T09:47:47.783", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "77777", "parentId": "282", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" } ]

null

283

1

286

2010-07-29T06:11:53.680

14

1387

I manage a private network which has no internet connectivity due to the security policy of the customer. This network has a single Ubuntu 10.04 LTS Server installation (soon to be several more) and I've been trying to customise it with software - however, I'm having to manually install packages with dpkg because of the lack of internet connectivity. Does this prevent me from upgrading to a newer version of Ubuntu Server (LTS) when it becomes available, since the packags I've installed aren't ont he current distribution CD, they're unlikely to be on the newer releases also.

null

48864

2012-06-25T22:39:45.940

Does installing packages manually with dpkg prevent a future upgrade path?

[ "10.04", "server", "upgrade", "package-management", "dpkg" ]

4

CC BY-SA 2.5

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T06:25:39.267", "id": "230", "postId": "283", "score": "3", "text": "Side note: Since there are several more Ubuntu servers to come, perhaps you might want to consider a local repository?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "24" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T07:55:05.463", "id": "239", "postId": "283", "score": "3", "text": "Why is this community wiki?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5" }, { "creationDate": "2010-09-03T11:50:31.887", "id": "3552", "postId": "283", "score": "0", "text": "@George Edison - why not?", "userDisplayName": "James Booker", "userId": null }, { "creationDate": "2010-09-03T20:27:47.570", "id": "3581", "postId": "283", "score": "1", "text": "@James: Because nobody gains rep. from CW questions.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "No. Installing packages from the official repositories using dpkg will not give you any problems down the road.\n\nIn fact, from a technical point of view, installing a package via dpkg is no different than if you had run <code>sudo apt-get install</code> <code>package</code>. The same things happen.\n\nThe only problem with installing packages with dpkg is that you will have to make sure that the dependencies are installed in the right order. If not, you could wind up with a corrupted package database.\n\nI know this happens from personal experience...\n", "commentCount": "5", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T14:25:55.873", "id": "307", "postId": "286", "score": "0", "text": "What do you mean by installed in the right order?\n\nIf a lib has 3 dependencies, a, b and c, then they would need to be installed in a specific order? Why?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "119" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T16:14:18.553", "id": "332", "postId": "286", "score": "0", "text": "@JCL: Because some of the dependencies are likely dependent on each other.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-12T07:58:51.903", "id": "1910", "postId": "286", "score": "2", "text": "The package database would not be corrupted... but it would indicate that a package is only unpacked (and not configured) because of missing dependencies. Corrupted would mean broken and that dpkg would no longer work. In the case you mention, it does still work and you can complete the installation by using dpkg to install the missing dependencies (or even `apt-get -f install`).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "904" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-12T19:18:55.513", "id": "1979", "postId": "286", "score": "0", "text": "@Rap: Yes, it would. That has actually happened to me. And yes, dpkg did not work after.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-19T16:37:59.380", "id": "2643", "postId": "286", "score": "2", "text": "I'm afraid the problem you had was unrelated to the specific operations that you describe. Something else must have happened. Unexpected power failure, filesystem corruption or whatever but installing packages in the bad order does not corrupt the dpkg database. I am a dpkg maintainer and we would have seen lots of related bugreports if that was really the case.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "904" } ], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-07-29T06:18:48.003", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T06:18:48.003", "id": "286", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T06:18:48.003", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5", "parentId": "283", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "17" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "No. Installing packages from the official repositories using dpkg will not give you any problems down the road.\n\nIn fact, from a technical point of view, installing a package via dpkg is no different than if you had run <code>sudo apt-get install</code> <code>package</code>. The same things happen.\n\nThe only problem with installing packages with dpkg is that you will have to make sure that the dependencies are installed in the right order. If not, you could wind up with a corrupted package database.\n\nI know this happens from personal experience...\n", "commentCount": "5", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T14:25:55.873", "id": "307", "postId": "286", "score": "0", "text": "What do you mean by installed in the right order?\n\nIf a lib has 3 dependencies, a, b and c, then they would need to be installed in a specific order? Why?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "119" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T16:14:18.553", "id": "332", "postId": "286", "score": "0", "text": "@JCL: Because some of the dependencies are likely dependent on each other.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-12T07:58:51.903", "id": "1910", "postId": "286", "score": "2", "text": "The package database would not be corrupted... but it would indicate that a package is only unpacked (and not configured) because of missing dependencies. Corrupted would mean broken and that dpkg would no longer work. In the case you mention, it does still work and you can complete the installation by using dpkg to install the missing dependencies (or even `apt-get -f install`).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "904" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-12T19:18:55.513", "id": "1979", "postId": "286", "score": "0", "text": "@Rap: Yes, it would. That has actually happened to me. And yes, dpkg did not work after.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-19T16:37:59.380", "id": "2643", "postId": "286", "score": "2", "text": "I'm afraid the problem you had was unrelated to the specific operations that you describe. Something else must have happened. Unexpected power failure, filesystem corruption or whatever but installing packages in the bad order does not corrupt the dpkg database. I am a dpkg maintainer and we would have seen lots of related bugreports if that was really the case.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "904" } ], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-07-29T06:18:48.003", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T06:18:48.003", "id": "286", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T06:18:48.003", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5", "parentId": "283", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "17" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Just for completeness: when you upgrade, if your packages are not supported anymore, or incompatible with newer packages (broken dependencies, etc), then the upgrade process will ask you if you want to remove those packages.\n I'm not sure what happens if you don't uninstall them - probably they will not work anymore.\n\nIn any case, you will be able to upgrade.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-07-29T08:35:24.320", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T08:35:24.320", "id": "295", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T08:35:24.320", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "23", "parentId": "283", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "It might be a better idea, considering you'll be adding more servers soon, to set up a local repository. This way, you can add the repo to the apt sources of each server and then point them all to a local repository that is just a mirror of the real ubuntu repos. \n\nThen when it is time to install or upgrade packages, you just use the standard ubuntu tools to handle this operation. Another benefit is that you just have to update the centralized local repo every once in a while with a couple of DVDs or hard drive that you can bring into the closed environment and sync with the repo's directories. Then each server will alert you to the packages that they have installed that have upgrades available on your local repo... meaning you have a lot less administrivia to maintain. The tools are allowed to do what the tools are good at.\n\nAlan Pope, ubuntu evangelist and one of the team behind the Ubuntu UK podcast, wrote a post on creating a mirror of the official ubuntu repositories that should help. You can find it <a href=\"http://popey.com/blog/2006/10/24/Creating_an_Ubuntu_repository_mirror_with_apt-mirror/\" rel=\"nofollow\">here</a>.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-07-29T14:22:10.063", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T14:22:10.063", "id": "387", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-31T02:27:27.280", "lastEditDate": "2010-07-31T02:27:27.280", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "243", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "243", "parentId": "283", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "AptOnCD might be a useful tool for you in this case: <a href=\"http://aptoncd.sourceforge.net/\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://aptoncd.sourceforge.net/</a>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-07-29T15:07:56.553", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T15:07:56.553", "id": "398", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T15:07:56.553", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "235", "parentId": "283", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" } ]

2010-07-29T06:12:04.723

null

James Booker

287

1

290

2010-07-29T06:50:20.420

4

4721

I'm using the System Monitor panel applet to show me graphs of current ram usage and network traffic. However, I want something like iStat Menu's text version of this. If I hover over my current app, it shows that instant's traffic, but does not update. Is there something that will display a number (not graph) of real-time network traffic?

91

null

2015-06-25T18:17:30.800

Panel applet to show current network traffic in text?

[ "applet", "panel", "networking" ]

2

1

CC BY-SA 2.5

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T07:28:25.370", "id": "237", "postId": "287", "score": "0", "text": "You must be doing something wrong. When I hover over it, the tooltip updates.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "At least for network traffic, you can use <a href=\"http://projects.gnome.org/netspeed/\" rel=\"nofollow\">GNOME Netspeed Applet</a>\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install netspeed\n</code></pre>\n\nI couldn't find anything for memory usage to be reported in this manner on gnome-panel, though it seems like it should be an option of the default system-monitor applet.\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T07:34:49.037", "id": "238", "postId": "290", "score": "0", "text": "+1 I was about to suggest this as well.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "67" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T09:01:58.483", "id": "252", "postId": "290", "score": "0", "text": "that's exactly what i was looking for, only network traffic. sorry if the question was confusing.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "91" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T07:25:09.717", "id": "290", "lastActivityDate": "2015-06-25T18:16:48.113", "lastEditDate": "2015-06-25T18:16:48.113", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "367165", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "26", "parentId": "287", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "9" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "At least for network traffic, you can use <a href=\"http://projects.gnome.org/netspeed/\" rel=\"nofollow\">GNOME Netspeed Applet</a>\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install netspeed\n</code></pre>\n\nI couldn't find anything for memory usage to be reported in this manner on gnome-panel, though it seems like it should be an option of the default system-monitor applet.\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T07:34:49.037", "id": "238", "postId": "290", "score": "0", "text": "+1 I was about to suggest this as well.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "67" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T09:01:58.483", "id": "252", "postId": "290", "score": "0", "text": "that's exactly what i was looking for, only network traffic. sorry if the question was confusing.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "91" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T07:25:09.717", "id": "290", "lastActivityDate": "2015-06-25T18:16:48.113", "lastEditDate": "2015-06-25T18:16:48.113", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "367165", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "26", "parentId": "287", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "9" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "You can use Conky, it's a lightweight system monitor, and highly configurable. You can choose from a wide list of parameters to display, not only network data, but memory, processor, etc. However information is displayed on your desktop background, so I'm not entirely sure it fits your needs.\n\nHave a look at <a href=\"http://www.ubuntugeek.com/conky-a-light-weight-system-monitor-for-ubuntu-linux-systems.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">Conky – a light weight system monitor for Ubuntu Linux Systems</a>, it has some screenshots and directions on installing it on Ubuntu (via repositories). The configuration is easy, but is made through text files, so you have to be prepared to fire up your favorite editor.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-07-29T08:32:03.127", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T08:32:03.127", "id": "294", "lastActivityDate": "2015-06-25T18:17:30.800", "lastEditDate": "2015-06-25T18:17:30.800", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "367165", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "215", "parentId": "287", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" } ]

null

292

1

309

2010-07-29T08:23:13.523

37

18800

If I'm editing two files with vim, changing to the other file ( :bnext, :bprev ) seems to drop the undo history from the open file - hitting the 'u' key reports "Already at oldest change". For example: <ol> <li><code>vim testfile1 testfile2</code></li> <li>add some stuff to testfile1</li> <li><code>:w</code></li> <li><code>:bn</code></li> <li><code>:bp</code></li> <li><code>u</code></li> <li>eep! can't undo!</li> </ol> Is there any way to keep this history for non-visible buffers?

192

null

2012-09-19T15:26:29.533

How do I get vim to keep its undo history?

[ "vim" ]

3

CC BY-SA 2.5

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T08:32:23.313", "id": "244", "postId": "292", "score": "0", "text": "should this be in superuser or stackoverflow instead?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "42" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T08:45:09.337", "id": "247", "postId": "292", "score": "0", "text": "@Ressu - good point, how do we tell? Meta question posted: http://meta.ubuntu.stackexchange.com/questions/47/how-do-we-tell-if-a-question-belongs-here-or-rather-at-stackoverflow-superuser", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "192" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T09:24:26.910", "id": "253", "postId": "292", "score": "0", "text": "Depending on the outcome of that meta question, I'm likely to delete this.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "192" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Looks like this will do it:\n\n<pre><code>:set hidden\n</code></pre>\n\n(in .vimrc)\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2023-05-22T04:49:33.813", "id": "2574246", "postId": "309", "score": "0", "text": "What is `set hidden`?: https://vimtricks.com/p/what-is-set-hidden/", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "553829" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T09:11:16.433", "id": "309", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T09:11:16.433", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "192", "parentId": "292", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "22" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "You can use <a href=\"http://www.linux.com/archive/feed/54157\" rel=\"nofollow\">Viewports</a>. \n\"vim -o testfile1 testfile2\" - open files in splitted window. \n\":sp filename\" - split and open \"filename\". \n\":vsp filename\" - vertical split and open \"filename\". \n\"Ctrl+w+arrow\" - Change viewport. \n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T08:44:47.340", "id": "246", "postId": "298", "score": "0", "text": "I'd rather not keep a permanently-visible buffer for each file; it's not unusual to have >20 files open at once.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "192" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T08:41:21.390", "id": "298", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T08:46:42.327", "lastEditDate": "2010-07-29T08:46:42.327", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "143", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "143", "parentId": "292", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "Looks like this will do it:\n\n<pre><code>:set hidden\n</code></pre>\n\n(in .vimrc)\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2023-05-22T04:49:33.813", "id": "2574246", "postId": "309", "score": "0", "text": "What is `set hidden`?: https://vimtricks.com/p/what-is-set-hidden/", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "553829" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T09:11:16.433", "id": "309", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T09:11:16.433", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "192", "parentId": "292", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "22" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "The newest version of vim (7.3) has persistent undo, so that you can make a change, close vim completely (even shutdown and restart), restart vim, and undo. In your <code>.vimrc</code>:\n\n<pre><code>\" tell it to use an undo file\nset undofile\n\" set a directory to store the undo history\nset undodir=/home/yourname/.vimundo/\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2013-10-11T17:53:24.843", "id": "457201", "postId": "4247", "score": "12", "text": "Note that you must create the directory first, vim does not do that automatically. Undo files are saved using the filesystem path (at the same time when saving the file). If you are in `/home/peter`, then editing `.bashrc` will create the file `/home/peter/.vimundo/%home%peter%.bashrc`.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "6969" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-09-16T20:05:19.223", "id": "4247", "lastActivityDate": "2012-09-19T15:26:29.533", "lastEditDate": "2012-09-19T15:26:29.533", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "2591", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "1689", "parentId": "292", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "48" } ]

null

297

1

300

2010-07-29T08:40:25.820

4

532

I have a bash script that runs as a cron to backup files on the server. <pre><code>#!/bin/bash FILE=/path/to/backup_$(date +%Y%m%d).tar tar -cf $FILE /backup/this /and/that /and/someotherfiles gzip $FILE </code></pre> When I run the script directly using: <pre><code>sudo bash ./backup-files.sh </code></pre> It gzips the file, but last night when the cron ran it left it as a tar. Would the cron have saved a log somewhere that'd point to why this may be the case?

166

41

2010-10-15T16:20:29.697

Backup bash script is not gzipping its tarball

[ "bash", "9.10", "cron-jobs", "crontab", "gzip" ]

3

4

CC BY-SA 2.5

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T08:51:19.273", "id": "251", "postId": "297", "score": "1", "text": "This is not Ubuntu specific, please move it to http://superuser.com/", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "56" }, { "creationDate": "2010-09-02T12:41:32.530", "id": "3511", "postId": "297", "score": "0", "text": "Half the questions on here aren't Ubuntu specific, but from Ubuntu users. If this is supposed to be a help resource to replace/assist the forums, I don't know that we want to head this route already.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1550" }, { "creationDate": "2010-09-04T17:24:45.683", "id": "3629", "postId": "297", "score": "0", "text": "This is a pefectly fine question on an Ubuntu computer", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4" }, { "creationDate": "2011-02-27T14:51:10.603", "id": "31388", "postId": "297", "score": "0", "text": "If the user is on Ubuntu, it perfectly validates being here. This place gives so much of a warm feeling :)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "8238" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Is the partition where backup is located at its limits?\n\nYour script has created the tarball, but gzip didn't have any space left to compress it.\n\n(you can combine both commands with -z flag for tar)\n\nWoops, I forgot one thing: add -v flag to your tar command. It will display what it does. \n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T08:49:53.910", "id": "248", "postId": "300", "score": "0", "text": "There's plenty of HDD space available. I'll try removing the gzip line and adding the -z flag though, thanks.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "166" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T08:43:35.190", "id": "300", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T08:52:28.430", "lastEditDate": "2010-07-29T08:52:28.430", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "217", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "217", "parentId": "297", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "Is the partition where backup is located at its limits?\n\nYour script has created the tarball, but gzip didn't have any space left to compress it.\n\n(you can combine both commands with -z flag for tar)\n\nWoops, I forgot one thing: add -v flag to your tar command. It will display what it does. \n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T08:49:53.910", "id": "248", "postId": "300", "score": "0", "text": "There's plenty of HDD space available. I'll try removing the gzip line and adding the -z flag though, thanks.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "166" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T08:43:35.190", "id": "300", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T08:52:28.430", "lastEditDate": "2010-07-29T08:52:28.430", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "217", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "217", "parentId": "297", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "As Pierre has mentioned, you may want to use the -z flag.\nGenerally, I always use tar zcvfP for backing up entire directories and preserving their structure and permissions. The v flag is there too, also useful.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T09:37:17.103", "id": "317", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T09:37:17.103", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "225", "parentId": "297", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "If it happens again that your script doesn't do what you want, you can add <code>set -x</code> on top of your script. It will output exactly what it does and this output is often helpful to find bugs. If you call it as a cronjob make sure that <code>$EMAIL</code> is set appropriate.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T11:21:06.613", "id": "341", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T11:21:06.613", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "236", "parentId": "297", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" } ]

null

304

1

379

2010-07-29T08:55:51.777

6

1320

F-spot is great, but does not have video support. Picasa is arguably even better, but although mov support is possible, avi and mpeg support is unavailable. Is there a photo management app that can also work with videos ? Thanks

38

23

2010-09-04T09:17:07.927

2012-08-11T21:43:16.963

Photo management with video support

[ "alternative", "photography", "media-manager", "f-spot" ]

5

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "<a href=\"http://www.digikam.org/\" rel=\"nofollow\">DigiKam</a>, unfortunately is a KDE app. It will handle videos but its not intended for that purpose. Also you should notice that it might be a bit to much for photo management, but i haven't found an app that can handle photos and videos in an efficient way.\n\nPersonally I have given up for now, and I'm using different apps for photos and videos. It's also worth noting that Shotwell is going to have video support, eventually.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-08-05T06:16:32.143", "id": "971", "postId": "379", "score": "0", "text": "Thanks, but I'm not really convinced by digiKam... I'm trying Picasa in Wine and Lightroom in virtualbox at the moment, and will choose after trying all three for a while. The simplest would be if f-spot just copied my videos to my computer when I import, though, I don't need anything more than that.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "38" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T14:00:13.767", "id": "379", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T14:00:13.767", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "22", "parentId": "304", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "<a href=\"http://www.digikam.org/\" rel=\"nofollow\">DigiKam</a>, unfortunately is a KDE app. It will handle videos but its not intended for that purpose. Also you should notice that it might be a bit to much for photo management, but i haven't found an app that can handle photos and videos in an efficient way.\n\nPersonally I have given up for now, and I'm using different apps for photos and videos. It's also worth noting that Shotwell is going to have video support, eventually.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-08-05T06:16:32.143", "id": "971", "postId": "379", "score": "0", "text": "Thanks, but I'm not really convinced by digiKam... I'm trying Picasa in Wine and Lightroom in virtualbox at the moment, and will choose after trying all three for a while. The simplest would be if f-spot just copied my videos to my computer when I import, though, I don't need anything more than that.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "38" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T14:00:13.767", "id": "379", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T14:00:13.767", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "22", "parentId": "304", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I did some research, and it looks like <a href=\"http://www.digikam.org\" rel=\"nofollow\">digiKam</a> <a href=\"http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/linux-software-2/need-photo-and-video-management-software-811569/\" rel=\"nofollow\">supports</a> videos and photos. Although a KDE app, I think it's fairly robust and works well even in a GNOME environment. \n\nAs some have mentioned, it's UI can be a bit daunting, but once you learn to use it, it can save you a lot of time and hassle in comparison to alternatives. I don't think there are any other apps that support both photos and video at this time on Linux. \n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T14:03:24.960", "id": "380", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T14:03:24.960", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "66", "parentId": "304", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "This is included in Shotwell .8, which you can <a href=\"http://yorba.org/shotwell/\" rel=\"nofollow\">get here</a>.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-12-28T22:21:13.757", "id": "20471", "postId": "409", "score": "1", "text": "Shotwell 0.8 has been released, which includes video support: http://yorba.org/shotwell/", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5261" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T17:15:53.720", "id": "409", "lastActivityDate": "2010-12-28T22:24:50.787", "lastEditDate": "2010-12-28T22:24:50.787", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "235", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "235", "parentId": "304", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Personally, at a time when the availability of professional quality photo organizers and video editing software for Linux is still up in the air, I find using a dedicated photo downloader to be a much-needed source of consistency in my photo workflow.\n\nFor this I strongly recommend checking out <a href=\"http://www.damonlynch.net/rapid/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">Rapid Photo Downloader</a>. It has powerful options for sorting and renaming photos and videos as they're imported on to the computer, and it can import from multiple memory cards simultaneously while creating backups on the fly.\n\n<a href=\"http://www.damonlynch.net/rapid/features.html\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/0T67N.png\" alt=\"Rapid Photo Downloader\"></a>\n\nJust to be clear, this is a program that is designed to be used side-by-side with your preferred photo organizer. All it does is transfer your photos and videos on to the computer; what you do next with them is up to you.\n\nIf you want a more recent version than that in the repositories, you could use the following PPA:\n\n<pre><code>sudo add-apt-repository ppa:dlynch3\nsudo apt-get update\nsudo apt-get install rapid-photo-downloader\n</code></pre>\n\nBefore using any PPAs, please read this:\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/35629/are-ppas-safe-to-add-to-my-system-and-what-are-some-red-flags-to-watch-out\">Are PPA's safe to add to my system and what are some "red flags" to watch out for?</a></li>\n</ul>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-09-04T15:30:09.280", "id": "3604", "lastActivityDate": "2012-08-11T19:26:35.167", "lastEditDate": "2017-04-13T12:23:52.877", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "1859", "parentId": "304", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Take a look at <a href=\"https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/applications/gwenview\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">gwenview <img src=\"https://hostmar.co/software-small\" alt=\"Install gwenview\"></a>, it just may be what you are looking for.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-08-11T20:57:33.013", "id": "174728", "lastActivityDate": "2012-08-11T21:43:16.963", "lastEditDate": "2017-03-11T19:00:00.867", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "80070", "parentId": "304", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" } ]

null

305

1

340

2010-07-29T08:57:05.437

10

2011

What are the advantages of using Shotwell? What are the disadvantages?

56

null

2015-06-25T18:15:41.827

Why was F-Spot replaced with Shotwell in Ubuntu 10.10?

[ "f-spot", "shotwell", "10.10" ]

2

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "The specification for this decision is <a href=\"https://blueprints.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+spec/desktop-maverick-shotwell\" rel=\"nofollow\">here</a>\n\n<a href=\"http://ubuntudevelopers.blip.tv/file/2876109/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Here (Sorry, this show has been removed from Blip.)</a> is a video clip where we discussed Shotwell (and other apps) at the Ubuntu Developer Summit.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T11:18:47.677", "id": "340", "lastActivityDate": "2015-06-25T18:15:41.827", "lastEditDate": "2015-06-25T18:15:41.827", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "367165", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "235", "parentId": "305", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "11" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "Essentially the choice was made upstream (by Gnome). But there are a lot of advantages:\n\n<ul>\n<li>No Mono</li>\n<li>It's lightweight and crash free</li>\n<li>Better integrated with the Gnome Desktop</li>\n<li>It has support for the RAW format</li>\n<li>Some basic editing capabilities</li>\n</ul>\n\nAs stated on the comment above the elimination of Mono from the default install would be a huge bonus, less occupied space, and less conspiracy theories evolving Microsoft and .Net running about.\n", "commentCount": "6", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T10:03:14.803", "id": "258", "postId": "308", "score": "11", "text": "Can you give some evidence that removing Mono was a strong motivating factor? That's a controversial reason, and you've listed it first and treated it at length.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "56" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T11:20:37.063", "id": "274", "postId": "308", "score": "0", "text": "I don't think that was a strong motivating factor, in fact I think it had nothing to do. I said that would be a bonus, the free space on the install CD would be a real advantage. As for the religious conversations, they're just useless.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "215" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T18:32:04.153", "id": "351", "postId": "308", "score": "0", "text": "Is tomboy staying? This runs on mono too, I'm lead to believe...", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "128" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-31T05:34:56.113", "id": "501", "postId": "308", "score": "0", "text": "Shotwell is just better. Better capabilities and a clear vision. It's going to be a great app very soon.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "214" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-02T09:34:37.297", "id": "660", "postId": "308", "score": "0", "text": "I don't think GNOME upstream had anything to do with that choice : both f-spot and shotwell are photo managers for GNOME, but they don't have any kind of special status in the GNOME project or platform.\nOne significant difference is that f-spot is hosted on GNOME infrastructure (git, bugzilla, etc.)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "291" }, { "creationDate": "2011-09-20T21:41:07.283", "id": "71555", "postId": "308", "score": "0", "text": "@Owais: A year later, Shotwell is still lacking in features compared to what f-spot was back then :(", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "14564" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T09:10:38.573", "id": "308", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T09:29:58.613", "lastEditDate": "2010-07-29T09:29:58.613", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "215", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "215", "parentId": "305", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "The specification for this decision is <a href=\"https://blueprints.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+spec/desktop-maverick-shotwell\" rel=\"nofollow\">here</a>\n\n<a href=\"http://ubuntudevelopers.blip.tv/file/2876109/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Here (Sorry, this show has been removed from Blip.)</a> is a video clip where we discussed Shotwell (and other apps) at the Ubuntu Developer Summit.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T11:18:47.677", "id": "340", "lastActivityDate": "2015-06-25T18:15:41.827", "lastEditDate": "2015-06-25T18:15:41.827", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "367165", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "235", "parentId": "305", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "11" } ]

null

307

1

310

2010-07-29T09:09:42.257

1625

1969186

I've added many PPAs using the <code>add-apt-repository</code> command. Is there a simple way to remove these PPAs? I've checked in <code>/etc/apt/sources.list</code> for the appropriate deb lines but they aren't there. This is on a server system so a command line solution would be great!

220

169736

2016-01-31T14:18:15.013

2022-12-19T14:20:30.680

How can PPAs be removed?

[ "ppa", "apt" ]

27

6

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T12:42:45.503", "id": "284", "postId": "307", "score": "13", "text": "There is a bug on Launchpad (https://bugs.launchpad.net/software-properties/+bug/446216) requesting a --remove argument for the add-apt-repository command. I've submitted a merge request (https://code.launchpad.net/~mac9416/software-properties/add-apt-repo-remove-opt/+merge/30094) to get the feature implemented, but it hasn't yet been accepted. Hopefully you'll have this feature soon though.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "130" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-30T16:55:12.730", "id": "451", "postId": "307", "score": "0", "text": "That's great news. It annoyed me a bit that there was no command do undo the adding; a bit like aptitude that only installs! ppa-purge is good but that's not even in the official repos.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "220" }, { "creationDate": "2012-09-01T14:35:05.227", "id": "227757", "postId": "307", "score": "1", "text": "[Related.](http://askubuntu.com/questions/37531/how-do-i-remove-all-packages-from-a-certain-repository) (In particular, see [this answer of mine](http://askubuntu.com/a/166966/22949) for getting `ppa-purge` to work with multarch.)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "22949" }, { "creationDate": "2017-03-23T08:14:35.077", "id": "1403031", "postId": "307", "score": "2", "text": "i can advise try to search unnecessary then del(rm -rf) one by one them: grep -i WhatYouWantTosearch /etc/apt/sources.list{,.d/*}", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "591314" }, { "creationDate": "2018-09-12T07:32:37.080", "id": "1763612", "postId": "307", "score": "3", "text": "With a GUI: `sudo synaptic` > Configuration > Repositories > PPAs > (select a PPA) > Delete (ot maybe \"Remove\", not sure of the right translation, I can only check the program options in another language).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "304789" }, { "creationDate": "2020-12-05T12:32:06.767", "id": "2205334", "postId": "307", "score": "0", "text": "`ls /etc/apt/sources.list{,.d/*}` *may show lists you missed, as Vladimir Ch pointed out*", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "258256" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "There are a number of options:\n<ol>\n<li>Use the <code>--remove</code> flag, similar to how the PPA was added:\n<pre><code>sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:whatever/ppa\n</code></pre>\n</li>\n<li>You can also remove PPAs by deleting the <code>.list</code> files from <code>/etc/apt/sources.list.d</code> directory.\n</li>\n<li>As a safer alternative, you can install ppa-purge:\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install ppa-purge\n</code></pre>\nAnd then remove the PPA, downgrading gracefully packages it provided to packages provided by official repositories:\n<pre><code>sudo ppa-purge ppa:whatever/ppa\n</code></pre>\nNote that this will uninstall packages provided by the PPA, but not those provided by the official repositories. If you want to remove them, you should tell it to apt:\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get purge package_name\n</code></pre>\n</li>\n<li>Last but not least, you can also disable or remove PPAs from the "Software Sources" section in Ubuntu Settings with a few clicks of your mouse (no terminal needed).\n</li>\n</ol>\n", "commentCount": "30", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-08-11T14:00:07.613", "id": "1855", "postId": "310", "score": "33", "text": "This will remove the PPA from the repository list but if the package is a newer version of one in the standard repos, you have to manually downgrade the package afterwards. ppa-purge (see other answer) does that for you.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "275" }, { "creationDate": "2013-02-18T14:12:07.163", "id": "321625", "postId": "310", "score": "31", "text": "I get `add-apt-repository: error: no such option: --remove` :-/", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "9063" }, { "creationDate": "2013-06-20T23:55:43.603", "id": "392109", "postId": "310", "score": "8", "text": "it should be `sudo apt-add-repository --remove ppa:repo_name/subdirectory`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "36661" }, { "creationDate": "2014-03-04T18:13:51.030", "id": "557250", "postId": "310", "score": "1", "text": "`-r` would do instead of `--remove`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4345" }, { "creationDate": "2014-04-30T21:54:35.957", "id": "603479", "postId": "310", "score": "8", "text": "Similarly, I get `add-apt-repository: error: no such option: --remove` and `add-apt-repository: error: no such option: -r`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "171245" }, { "creationDate": "2014-05-12T11:03:41.920", "id": "613489", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "On one PC I do have a --remove flag, on another (same Mint version distro) I don't have teh remove flag!?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "18045" }, { "creationDate": "2014-05-14T11:42:11.737", "id": "615217", "postId": "310", "score": "1", "text": "I just get \"Cannot add PPA: 'ppa:whatever/ppa'.\nPlease check that the PPA name or format is correct.\n\". How to deal with it?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "170070" }, { "creationDate": "2014-08-12T05:35:26.550", "id": "689258", "postId": "310", "score": "4", "text": "The answer above should be amended with the information provided below in case the `--remove` flag doesn't work. Specifically, remove the entry in the `/etc/apt/sources.list.d` directory", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "314793" }, { "creationDate": "2015-03-31T19:15:04.717", "id": "843480", "postId": "310", "score": "1", "text": "I go to /etc/apt/sources.list.d and then run rm ppaName, and it is solve my issue. Thanks.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "123260" }, { "creationDate": "2015-05-27T04:05:42.713", "id": "893725", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "People keep using the accepted answer and in cases where the user did not install or upgrade packages from the Third Party Repository disabling it is enought; but in most cases where people have already installed or updated any packages the instructions followed as their are writen will disable the Repository before being able to rollback the packages resulting in the output of : Could not find package list for PPA.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "9868" }, { "creationDate": "2015-07-06T02:31:19.757", "id": "924350", "postId": "310", "score": "1", "text": "why is ppa-purge \"safer\"?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "29270" }, { "creationDate": "2015-07-10T17:50:24.977", "id": "927840", "postId": "310", "score": "1", "text": "@chtfn It removes packages only aviable on a PPA and downgrades packages to the aviables in Ubuntu Official repository. http://www.webupd8.org/2009/12/remove-ppa-repositories-via-command.html", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "9868" }, { "creationDate": "2015-07-12T12:17:53.600", "id": "928781", "postId": "310", "score": "1", "text": "@xangua So why does this make it \"safer\" than simply removing the ppa? What issues could arise after only removing a ppa? No security updates on the packages that come from the PPA?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "29270" }, { "creationDate": "2015-07-31T10:48:55.527", "id": "941629", "postId": "310", "score": "2", "text": "@chtfn I think that's the problem yeah, they'll become outdated. Depends on the package of course, but it could definitely be a problem.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "128319" }, { "creationDate": "2016-09-10T23:37:24.833", "id": "1250767", "postId": "310", "score": "1", "text": "Please consider removing this answer, updating it or adding a disclaimer in bold that it has become outdated in recent distributions.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "278141" }, { "creationDate": "2016-09-14T21:25:58.180", "id": "1253929", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "Even if you don't remove it as @anol suggests, add a note to say how to determine which is the best course of action. If it depends on the Ubuntu version, or what the package is, please say so, and tell us how to find out. It seems Ubuntu's package management is more complicated than I thought, and it's making my head spin.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "135088" }, { "creationDate": "2016-11-27T19:37:29.187", "id": "1314394", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "**E: Unable to locate package ppa-purge**", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "59740" }, { "creationDate": "2016-12-12T22:00:51.423", "id": "1326114", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "Wil `sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:whatever/ppa` remove only repository or an app too? I don't want to downgrade, just to remove KDE backports-landing so I next time don't update beta KDE.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "383584" }, { "creationDate": "2016-12-22T11:13:49.657", "id": "1333059", "postId": "310", "score": "2", "text": "@Hrvoje T `add-apt-repository` does not uninstall the app, it only removes the repo so that future updates will not be retrieved/installed. (As with most commands, you can read the manual page by typing `man <command>`, in this case: `man add-apt-repository`.)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "398713" }, { "creationDate": "2017-10-10T18:26:53.100", "id": "1541775", "postId": "310", "score": "3", "text": "What do I do if my repo starts with `https://`instead of `ppa:`?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "329227" }, { "creationDate": "2018-01-10T08:36:03.523", "id": "1604693", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "Cannot access PPA (https://launchpad.net/api/1.0/~ondrej/+archive/php5) to get PPA information, please check your internet connection.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "132052" }, { "creationDate": "2018-02-14T18:04:24.587", "id": "1628556", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "I had to follow https://askubuntu.com/a/628772/132098 to get rid of other PPA traces within my Ubuntu installation.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "132098" }, { "creationDate": "2018-11-04T16:37:33.687", "id": "1793522", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "The `--remove` option isn't available in Ubuntu 14.04", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "167553" }, { "creationDate": "2019-11-19T14:48:24.267", "id": "1990437", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "@Francisco yes, the option was added in software-properties version [0.76](https://bugs.launchpad.net/software-properties/+bug/446216/comments/13)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "21005" }, { "creationDate": "2019-11-19T15:07:43.367", "id": "1990444", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "@AaronFranke you could use my branch of ppa-purge for that. It has several bug fixes and improvements to the ppa-purge available from Universe distribution component. Currently I have not managed to package it or create PPA, but maybe someday there may be one [here](https://launchpad.net/~jarnos/+archive/ubuntu/ppa-purge). At the moment you can find the git repository via the link there. In the repository you can find ppa-purge script that you could copy to /usr/local/bin/ and in the debian subdirectory you can find the bash completion file, too, which makes using the command easier.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "21005" }, { "creationDate": "2019-11-21T12:38:36.367", "id": "1991655", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "@AaronFranke or you could copy the script to /usr/local/sbin as ppa-purge has traditionally been installed under sbin, which is logical as it is for administration and requires superuser privileges.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "21005" }, { "creationDate": "2020-06-23T15:26:56.657", "id": "2116184", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "For myself, I had a PPA in `/etc/apt/sources.list.d/` that no longer existed and so this error was coming up. I had to remove that (actually, replace it with an updated repo for `ffmpeg` that I needed) and then `sudo apt-get update` worked just fine.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "268299" }, { "creationDate": "2020-09-09T21:00:14.383", "id": "2158694", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "I had to include the https:// in front of the ppa to remove it successfully", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "433891" }, { "creationDate": "2020-10-24T21:42:16.987", "id": "2183641", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "It's not clear to me exactly how to specify the repositories to remove. for instance, in /var/lib/apt/lists I have `deb.nodesource.com_node%5f12.x_dists_bionic_main_binary-amd64_Packages`, how do I translate this into a `ppa:x/y`?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "82144" }, { "creationDate": "2021-01-01T15:27:30.880", "id": "2218101", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "@Michael You can not translate it; It is not a PPA. However, I suppose you could remove the source and remove/downgrade the respective packages by using my improved version of ppa-purge available as PPA [here](https://launchpad.net/~jarnos/+archive/ubuntu/ppa-purge). You can use tab completion to select the repository easily.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "21005" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T09:17:12.850", "id": "310", "lastActivityDate": "2020-06-23T17:16:46.630", "lastEditDate": "2020-06-23T17:16:46.630", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "268299", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "221", "parentId": "307", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2031" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "There are a number of options:\n<ol>\n<li>Use the <code>--remove</code> flag, similar to how the PPA was added:\n<pre><code>sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:whatever/ppa\n</code></pre>\n</li>\n<li>You can also remove PPAs by deleting the <code>.list</code> files from <code>/etc/apt/sources.list.d</code> directory.\n</li>\n<li>As a safer alternative, you can install ppa-purge:\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install ppa-purge\n</code></pre>\nAnd then remove the PPA, downgrading gracefully packages it provided to packages provided by official repositories:\n<pre><code>sudo ppa-purge ppa:whatever/ppa\n</code></pre>\nNote that this will uninstall packages provided by the PPA, but not those provided by the official repositories. If you want to remove them, you should tell it to apt:\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get purge package_name\n</code></pre>\n</li>\n<li>Last but not least, you can also disable or remove PPAs from the "Software Sources" section in Ubuntu Settings with a few clicks of your mouse (no terminal needed).\n</li>\n</ol>\n", "commentCount": "30", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-08-11T14:00:07.613", "id": "1855", "postId": "310", "score": "33", "text": "This will remove the PPA from the repository list but if the package is a newer version of one in the standard repos, you have to manually downgrade the package afterwards. ppa-purge (see other answer) does that for you.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "275" }, { "creationDate": "2013-02-18T14:12:07.163", "id": "321625", "postId": "310", "score": "31", "text": "I get `add-apt-repository: error: no such option: --remove` :-/", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "9063" }, { "creationDate": "2013-06-20T23:55:43.603", "id": "392109", "postId": "310", "score": "8", "text": "it should be `sudo apt-add-repository --remove ppa:repo_name/subdirectory`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "36661" }, { "creationDate": "2014-03-04T18:13:51.030", "id": "557250", "postId": "310", "score": "1", "text": "`-r` would do instead of `--remove`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4345" }, { "creationDate": "2014-04-30T21:54:35.957", "id": "603479", "postId": "310", "score": "8", "text": "Similarly, I get `add-apt-repository: error: no such option: --remove` and `add-apt-repository: error: no such option: -r`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "171245" }, { "creationDate": "2014-05-12T11:03:41.920", "id": "613489", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "On one PC I do have a --remove flag, on another (same Mint version distro) I don't have teh remove flag!?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "18045" }, { "creationDate": "2014-05-14T11:42:11.737", "id": "615217", "postId": "310", "score": "1", "text": "I just get \"Cannot add PPA: 'ppa:whatever/ppa'.\nPlease check that the PPA name or format is correct.\n\". How to deal with it?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "170070" }, { "creationDate": "2014-08-12T05:35:26.550", "id": "689258", "postId": "310", "score": "4", "text": "The answer above should be amended with the information provided below in case the `--remove` flag doesn't work. Specifically, remove the entry in the `/etc/apt/sources.list.d` directory", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "314793" }, { "creationDate": "2015-03-31T19:15:04.717", "id": "843480", "postId": "310", "score": "1", "text": "I go to /etc/apt/sources.list.d and then run rm ppaName, and it is solve my issue. Thanks.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "123260" }, { "creationDate": "2015-05-27T04:05:42.713", "id": "893725", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "People keep using the accepted answer and in cases where the user did not install or upgrade packages from the Third Party Repository disabling it is enought; but in most cases where people have already installed or updated any packages the instructions followed as their are writen will disable the Repository before being able to rollback the packages resulting in the output of : Could not find package list for PPA.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "9868" }, { "creationDate": "2015-07-06T02:31:19.757", "id": "924350", "postId": "310", "score": "1", "text": "why is ppa-purge \"safer\"?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "29270" }, { "creationDate": "2015-07-10T17:50:24.977", "id": "927840", "postId": "310", "score": "1", "text": "@chtfn It removes packages only aviable on a PPA and downgrades packages to the aviables in Ubuntu Official repository. http://www.webupd8.org/2009/12/remove-ppa-repositories-via-command.html", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "9868" }, { "creationDate": "2015-07-12T12:17:53.600", "id": "928781", "postId": "310", "score": "1", "text": "@xangua So why does this make it \"safer\" than simply removing the ppa? What issues could arise after only removing a ppa? No security updates on the packages that come from the PPA?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "29270" }, { "creationDate": "2015-07-31T10:48:55.527", "id": "941629", "postId": "310", "score": "2", "text": "@chtfn I think that's the problem yeah, they'll become outdated. Depends on the package of course, but it could definitely be a problem.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "128319" }, { "creationDate": "2016-09-10T23:37:24.833", "id": "1250767", "postId": "310", "score": "1", "text": "Please consider removing this answer, updating it or adding a disclaimer in bold that it has become outdated in recent distributions.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "278141" }, { "creationDate": "2016-09-14T21:25:58.180", "id": "1253929", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "Even if you don't remove it as @anol suggests, add a note to say how to determine which is the best course of action. If it depends on the Ubuntu version, or what the package is, please say so, and tell us how to find out. It seems Ubuntu's package management is more complicated than I thought, and it's making my head spin.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "135088" }, { "creationDate": "2016-11-27T19:37:29.187", "id": "1314394", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "**E: Unable to locate package ppa-purge**", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "59740" }, { "creationDate": "2016-12-12T22:00:51.423", "id": "1326114", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "Wil `sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:whatever/ppa` remove only repository or an app too? I don't want to downgrade, just to remove KDE backports-landing so I next time don't update beta KDE.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "383584" }, { "creationDate": "2016-12-22T11:13:49.657", "id": "1333059", "postId": "310", "score": "2", "text": "@Hrvoje T `add-apt-repository` does not uninstall the app, it only removes the repo so that future updates will not be retrieved/installed. (As with most commands, you can read the manual page by typing `man <command>`, in this case: `man add-apt-repository`.)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "398713" }, { "creationDate": "2017-10-10T18:26:53.100", "id": "1541775", "postId": "310", "score": "3", "text": "What do I do if my repo starts with `https://`instead of `ppa:`?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "329227" }, { "creationDate": "2018-01-10T08:36:03.523", "id": "1604693", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "Cannot access PPA (https://launchpad.net/api/1.0/~ondrej/+archive/php5) to get PPA information, please check your internet connection.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "132052" }, { "creationDate": "2018-02-14T18:04:24.587", "id": "1628556", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "I had to follow https://askubuntu.com/a/628772/132098 to get rid of other PPA traces within my Ubuntu installation.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "132098" }, { "creationDate": "2018-11-04T16:37:33.687", "id": "1793522", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "The `--remove` option isn't available in Ubuntu 14.04", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "167553" }, { "creationDate": "2019-11-19T14:48:24.267", "id": "1990437", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "@Francisco yes, the option was added in software-properties version [0.76](https://bugs.launchpad.net/software-properties/+bug/446216/comments/13)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "21005" }, { "creationDate": "2019-11-19T15:07:43.367", "id": "1990444", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "@AaronFranke you could use my branch of ppa-purge for that. It has several bug fixes and improvements to the ppa-purge available from Universe distribution component. Currently I have not managed to package it or create PPA, but maybe someday there may be one [here](https://launchpad.net/~jarnos/+archive/ubuntu/ppa-purge). At the moment you can find the git repository via the link there. In the repository you can find ppa-purge script that you could copy to /usr/local/bin/ and in the debian subdirectory you can find the bash completion file, too, which makes using the command easier.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "21005" }, { "creationDate": "2019-11-21T12:38:36.367", "id": "1991655", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "@AaronFranke or you could copy the script to /usr/local/sbin as ppa-purge has traditionally been installed under sbin, which is logical as it is for administration and requires superuser privileges.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "21005" }, { "creationDate": "2020-06-23T15:26:56.657", "id": "2116184", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "For myself, I had a PPA in `/etc/apt/sources.list.d/` that no longer existed and so this error was coming up. I had to remove that (actually, replace it with an updated repo for `ffmpeg` that I needed) and then `sudo apt-get update` worked just fine.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "268299" }, { "creationDate": "2020-09-09T21:00:14.383", "id": "2158694", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "I had to include the https:// in front of the ppa to remove it successfully", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "433891" }, { "creationDate": "2020-10-24T21:42:16.987", "id": "2183641", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "It's not clear to me exactly how to specify the repositories to remove. for instance, in /var/lib/apt/lists I have `deb.nodesource.com_node%5f12.x_dists_bionic_main_binary-amd64_Packages`, how do I translate this into a `ppa:x/y`?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "82144" }, { "creationDate": "2021-01-01T15:27:30.880", "id": "2218101", "postId": "310", "score": "0", "text": "@Michael You can not translate it; It is not a PPA. However, I suppose you could remove the source and remove/downgrade the respective packages by using my improved version of ppa-purge available as PPA [here](https://launchpad.net/~jarnos/+archive/ubuntu/ppa-purge). You can use tab completion to select the repository easily.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "21005" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T09:17:12.850", "id": "310", "lastActivityDate": "2020-06-23T17:16:46.630", "lastEditDate": "2020-06-23T17:16:46.630", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "268299", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "221", "parentId": "307", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2031" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "You can use the\n<pre><code>sudo ppa-purge ppa:repository-name/subdirectory\n</code></pre>\ncommand in a terminal.\nYou will first need to install <code>ppa-purge</code> to use this command. To do so, use <code>sudo apt-get install ppa-purge</code> or click this button:\n<a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20160803183329/https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/applications/ppa-purge/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/SCDGN.png\" alt=\"Install via the software center\" /></a> \n(source: <a href=\"https://hostmar.co/software-banner\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">hostmar.co</a>)\nFind out more about it <a href=\"https://bigbrovar.aoizora.org/2010/01/10/how-to-safely-remove-ppa-repository-from-ubuntu/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">here</a>.\n", "commentCount": "8", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-10-27T09:26:19.050", "id": "82471", "postId": "313", "score": "6", "text": "This won't work for deleted repositories in which case it fails with \"Warning: Could not find package list for PPA: repository-name subdirectory\".", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "6969" }, { "creationDate": "2012-02-06T17:14:24.530", "id": "117799", "postId": "313", "score": "0", "text": "It's not available for Ubuntu 11.10, or am I wrong?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "4977" }, { "creationDate": "2012-03-03T02:45:02.030", "id": "128968", "postId": "313", "score": "10", "text": "Yo, this didn't work for me, but I love the syntax so much I am voting it up anyway.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "27113" }, { "creationDate": "2013-09-07T08:33:44.770", "id": "437862", "postId": "313", "score": "0", "text": "@DaveJarvis it's not installed by default on any system =/. I've edited the answer to include information on how to install it.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "52726" }, { "creationDate": "2015-01-09T10:37:03.003", "id": "787835", "postId": "313", "score": "0", "text": "This didn't work for me, apparently it didn't disable the ppa and then did not actually downgrade the packages. However, it prints out a list of packages, like package-name/distribution. If you manually disable the ppa, and then run apt-get install <complete-list-of-those-packages>, apt-get will then automatically downgrade for you, based on the output, I think that's the same that it is doing internally.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "11676" }, { "creationDate": "2017-06-21T14:37:48.953", "id": "1467342", "postId": "313", "score": "0", "text": "I like how this option even gives you auto-completion. So no need to guess what the syntax is if you have an idea of what the name starts with", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "145907" }, { "creationDate": "2021-01-01T15:01:01.037", "id": "2218095", "postId": "313", "score": "0", "text": "@smac89 it is further improved in my PPA of ppa-purge, see [here](https://launchpad.net/~jarnos/+archive/ubuntu/ppa-purge) for installation instructions.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "21005" }, { "creationDate": "2021-01-01T15:04:23.380", "id": "2218097", "postId": "313", "score": "0", "text": "@Berdir I do not recommend that way, because it marks all packages as manually installed, which makes removing of apps more difficult in the future. See the comment above.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "21005" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T09:20:57.813", "id": "313", "lastActivityDate": "2020-12-19T21:46:55.307", "lastEditDate": "2020-12-19T21:46:55.307", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "606366", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "134", "parentId": "307", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "130" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "You can manage your repositories in <code>System > Administration > Software Sources</code>\n\nYou can also remove them in <code>/etc/apt/sources.list.d/</code> where you'll find a <code><repo>-ppa-<distro>.list</code> file You can remove that file or simply comment out the deb line\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-06T01:54:39.720", "id": "1319", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-06T01:54:39.720", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "41", "parentId": "307", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "7" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Depending if add-apt-repository was invoked with a full sources.list line or a ppa it appends the line to /etc/apt/sources.list or a new file in the /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ directory. If it's a ppa it will then import the ppa GPG key into apt's keyring\n\nTo reverse the actions done by add-apt-repository you can either manually remove the apt line or use a tool like \"Software Sources\" to do it and then remove the GPG key using apt-key like so: \n\n\"sudo apt-key list\" to find out the id for the repository you want to remove and then \n\"sudo apt-key del id\" where is looks like 7FAC5991. The id is the part after the \"/\" character.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-06T02:03:34.477", "id": "1320", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-06T02:03:34.477", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "289", "parentId": "307", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "11" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "The answers to <a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/307/removing-ppas-after-adding-them-with-the-add-apt-repository-command\">this question</a> will help you.\n\nYou can manage PPAs in <code>System > Administration > Software Sources</code> or by removing files in <code>/etc/apt/sources.list.d/</code>.\n\nYou can also use a package called <a href=\"http://www.webupd8.org/2009/12/remove-ppa-repositories-via-command.html\" rel=\"noreferrer\">ppa-purge</a>.\n\nAnd, as I commented on the question I linked to above,\n\n<blockquote>\n There is a <a href=\"https://bugs.launchpad.net/software-properties/+bug/446216\" rel=\"noreferrer\">bug on Launchpad</a> requesting a --remove argument for the add-apt-repository command. I've submitted a <a href=\"https://code.launchpad.net/~mac9416/software-properties/add-apt-repo-remove-opt/+merge/30094\" rel=\"noreferrer\">merge request</a> to get the feature implemented, but it hasn't yet been accepted. Hopefully you'll have this feature soon though.\n</blockquote>\n", "commentCount": "5", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2012-10-01T15:07:18.180", "id": "242628", "postId": "1321", "score": "4", "text": "I found it in `Ubuntu Software Center > Edit > Software Sources`.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "10946" }, { "creationDate": "2014-02-10T08:05:27.770", "id": "539982", "postId": "1321", "score": "0", "text": "The \"ppa-purge\" link doesn't work. It gives a 404 error.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "146105" }, { "creationDate": "2016-06-10T05:22:52.927", "id": "1177416", "postId": "1321", "score": "4", "text": "FYI in Ubuntu 16.04 the way to find the PPA list is `System Settings -> System -> Software & Updates -> Other Software`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "43658" }, { "creationDate": "2020-11-09T06:40:43.770", "id": "2191493", "postId": "1321", "score": "0", "text": "Would you know how i can get to `System > Administration > Software Sources` via the command line? (I'm using Ubuntu via i3, so I don't have those menus handy).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "453324" }, { "creationDate": "2022-07-21T18:24:37.443", "id": "2470669", "postId": "1321", "score": "0", "text": "For Ubuntu 20.04 -> `Software Updater` -> `Settings` -> `Other Software`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "433891" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-08-06T02:07:00.197", "id": "1321", "lastActivityDate": "2015-07-10T17:57:41.273", "lastEditDate": "2017-04-12T07:23:19.023", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "130", "parentId": "307", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "52" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<a href=\"http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk\" rel=\"noreferrer\">OMG!Ubuntu!</a> mentioned that this feature had been added to the '<a href=\"http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2010/06/ppa-purge-coming-to-ubuntu-tweak.html\" rel=\"noreferrer\">Tweak</a>' PPA. \n\nPresumably once it's in universe, you'll be able to use it to remove itself :)\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-16T14:10:59.763", "id": "2381", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-16T14:10:59.763", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "285", "parentId": "307", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "add-apt-repository now accepts a --remove argument.\n\n<a href=\"https://bugs.edge.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+bug/446216\" rel=\"nofollow\">https://bugs.edge.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+bug/446216</a>\n\nI proposed adding a rm-apt-repository command as well:\n\n<pre><code>https://code.edge.launchpad.net/~bryceharrington/software-properties/rm-apt-repository/+merge/25988\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2014-04-30T22:04:07.117", "id": "603485", "postId": "2698", "score": "1", "text": "and as of ubuntu 13.10 they seem to have removed this feature.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "171245" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-20T07:43:44.097", "id": "2698", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-20T07:43:44.097", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "913", "parentId": "307", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Since Ubuntu Maverick (10.10) <code>add-apt-repository</code> accepts a <code>-r</code> or <code>--remove</code> parameter which removes the PPA in the same way you installed it. :)\n\nSo:\n\nInstall: <code>sudo apt-add-repository ppa:user/repository</code>\n\nUninstall: <code>sudo apt-add-repository -r ppa:user/repository</code>\n", "commentCount": "5", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2014-02-10T08:20:50.440", "id": "539984", "postId": "18202", "score": "2", "text": "Thanks! I used sudo apt-add-repository -r ppa:user/repository to uninstall a stubborn ppa from New Linux Counter Project. I have tried a lot of command lines and suggestions but none of them was of any help, only yours worked! Thanks! One info: it works in 12.04 LTS too, not only in Maverick.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "146105" }, { "creationDate": "2014-02-14T11:33:05.937", "id": "543240", "postId": "18202", "score": "0", "text": "You're welcome, @CristianaNicolae! I've updated my answer based on your advice, thank you! :)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "7663" }, { "creationDate": "2014-07-31T07:33:45.547", "id": "679957", "postId": "18202", "score": "0", "text": "I'm running 13.10 and I get add-apt-repository: error: no such option: -r", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "171245" }, { "creationDate": "2014-07-31T13:03:57.710", "id": "680192", "postId": "18202", "score": "1", "text": "@virtualxtc I'm currently running Ubuntu 14.04 and it still has options `-r` and `--remove` on `apt-add-repository` command. Thus I think you're using a modified or outdated version of `apt-add-repository`. This utility is provided by the `python-software-properties` package, maybe you're using a locked version of it. You can check its source code here: http://bazaar.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-branches/ubuntu/trusty/software-properties/trusty/files Those removing options was introduced on revision 47, on late 2010. So they exist since 10.10 and never get changed, as you can see in the source.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "7663" }, { "creationDate": "2014-08-01T07:29:17.333", "id": "680861", "postId": "18202", "score": "0", "text": "There are a couple other users reporting the same issue, so this lock must be a fairly common thing. Stranger still is that the -r --remove flag options are listed in the man / help files, but still produce the stated error. I'll take a look at my python-software-properties next time I'm in Ubuntu.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "171245" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-12-20T02:27:53.657", "id": "18202", "lastActivityDate": "2014-02-14T11:26:56.877", "lastEditDate": "2014-02-14T11:26:56.877", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "7663", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "7663", "parentId": "307", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "25" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "There's a command, <code>add-apt-repository -r</code>.\n\nBut deleting the file and re-running <code>sudo apt-get update</code> is also fine.\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-12-20T03:18:32.643", "id": "19448", "postId": "18203", "score": "1", "text": "I don§t know how is this meant to behave, but after the command return and apt-get update, corresponding files were still in /etc/apt/list.sources.d. I've removed them manually and re-run update, I don't know if it was necessary.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2390" }, { "creationDate": "2014-04-30T22:02:38.997", "id": "603483", "postId": "18203", "score": "1", "text": "I'm running 13.10 and I get `add-apt-repository: error: no such option: -r`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "171245" }, { "creationDate": "2014-05-02T09:27:17.623", "id": "604669", "postId": "18203", "score": "1", "text": "That is interesting; the [add-apt-repository manual page for 13.10](http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/saucy/en/man1/add-apt-repository.1.html) claims that this option exists. In fact it appeared in 12.04.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "136" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-12-20T02:28:31.427", "id": "18203", "lastActivityDate": "2010-12-20T02:28:31.427", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "136", "parentId": "307", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Apart from the solution mentioned already: If you still have software installed from that repository, it is best to revert them to the original version supplied with ubuntu: the one from the ppa will not get (security and other) updates anymore.\nThere is a tool that will do just that: ppa-purge\n<a href=\"https://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=ppa-purge\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">https://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=ppa-purge</a>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-12-20T23:52:19.380", "id": "19573", "postId": "18266", "score": "1", "text": "ppa-purge is good stuff, but it's also powerful stuff.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "880" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2010-12-20T14:14:33.603", "id": "18266", "lastActivityDate": "2020-08-24T14:01:33.887", "lastEditDate": "2020-08-24T14:01:33.887", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "7694", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "7694", "parentId": "307", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Some people might prefer to add and remove repositories via a GUI. As of Ubuntu 10.10, this requires a bit of extra work. An explanation is available on the <a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Repositories/Ubuntu\" rel=\"noreferrer\">wiki</a>. In order to try and have all answers for this question available in one place, I will try and summarize the important details here. Be sure to check the wiki (especially once a new version of Ubuntu is released) to ensure that this process is still valid.\n\nFirst, you will want to re-enable 'Software Sources' in the System->Administration menu. Right click on the Applications/Places/System menu and click 'Edit Menus'.\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/NRoH6.png\" alt=\"Click 'Edit Menus'\">\n\nThis will open a window, scroll down and click on 'Administration'. Check the box next to 'Software Sources' and then click the 'Close' button.\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/JSuR1.png\" alt=\"Check the box next to 'Software Sources'\">\n\nGo to System->Administration and you should see 'Software Sources' in the menu.\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/hDPV3.png\" alt=\"'Software Sources' now in menu\">\n\nIn the window that opens, click on the 'Other Software' tab at the top.\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/arPRq.png\" alt=\"'Other Software' tab\">\n\nYou should see all of the repositories that you have added (including the PPAs added via add-apt-repository). You can temporarily disable a repository by unchecking the box next to it. To remove a repository permanently, highlight it and click on the 'Remove' button. When you are done, hit the 'Close' button.\n\nAs Marcel Stimberg noted earlier:\n\n<blockquote>\n This will remove the PPA from the\n repository list but if the package is\n a newer version of one in the standard\n repos, you have to manually downgrade\n the package afterwards. ppa-purge (see\n other answer) does that for you.\n</blockquote>\n\nHopefully, this will help.\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-12-29T02:25:22.300", "id": "20498", "postId": "19025", "score": "0", "text": "You don't need to edit the menu, there's an entry for Software Sources in the Software Center menu.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "235" }, { "creationDate": "2010-12-29T19:16:08.217", "id": "20631", "postId": "19025", "score": "0", "text": "Thanks. It looks like an issue with gksu on my end caused me to not get presented with the Software Sources when I tried that initially. I'll resolve that issue locally and update the answer.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "469" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-12-27T18:42:36.077", "id": "19025", "lastActivityDate": "2010-12-27T18:42:36.077", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "469", "parentId": "307", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "36" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "If you are talking about the actual applications installed via a PPA, they will be listed just as any other application and you would uninstall it the same way.\nThe PPAs (repositories) themselves will be listed under the 'Other Software' tab of the Settings->Repositories menu. They can be removed just like any other source.\n\n<img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/TdD5Y.png\" alt=\"Screenshot of Synaptic Repository/PPA screen\">\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2011-03-31T18:54:14.983", "id": "32908", "lastActivityDate": "2011-03-31T19:48:56.497", "lastEditDate": "2011-03-31T19:48:56.497", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "13305", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "13305", "parentId": "307", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "10" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "You can use <a href=\"https://launchpad.net/~tualatrix/+archive/ppa\" rel=\"noreferrer\">Ubuntu-Tweak</a>, which makes it very easy to edit ppa. You can delete the ppa's manually or when Ubuntu-Tweak know it just click a button.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2011-03-31T19:21:32.633", "id": "32912", "lastActivityDate": "2011-03-31T19:21:32.633", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "11435", "parentId": "307", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "It depends. If you've installed a new application from a ppa, then you can uninstall it normally. However, if you've enabled a ppa to get a newer version of a program that you've alredy installed (Firefox 4,newer Xorg drivers,etc), then you need to use a program called ppa-purge.\n\nPpa-purge is available in the repositories for Maverick and newer. A <a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UbuntuBackports#How%20to%20use\" rel=\"noreferrer\">backport</a> is available for Lucid users. Just install it and then run\n\n<pre><code>sudo ppa-purge ppa:repository-name/directory\n</code></pre>\n\nThe above command will disable the ppa from your software sources and then reinstall the official version of the upgraded application from the Ubuntu repository.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2011-03-31T19:58:31.590", "id": "32918", "lastActivityDate": "2011-03-31T19:58:31.590", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "8973", "parentId": "307", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "You can try those command below and it works very well for me to remove Linux kernel 3.5 (ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa).\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install ppa-purge\nsudo ppa-purge ppa:<XXX>/<YYY>\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-06-28T00:00:36.740", "id": "156917", "lastActivityDate": "2012-06-28T00:00:36.740", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "66462", "parentId": "307", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Simply run <code>apt-add-repository</code> again with the <code>--remove</code> option to remove a PPA added via the command-line. For example:\n<pre><code>sudo apt-add-repository --remove ppa:kernel-ppa/ppa\n</code></pre>\nThen update with:\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get update\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "10", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2012-08-07T23:11:45.853", "id": "213478", "postId": "173199", "score": "0", "text": "will this remove that PPA permanently?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "78407" }, { "creationDate": "2012-08-07T23:17:32.220", "id": "213479", "postId": "173199", "score": "1", "text": "Yes, permanently. To use it again, you must add manually as if you were doing it for the first time.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "58612" }, { "creationDate": "2014-03-27T16:01:35.313", "id": "574486", "postId": "173199", "score": "6", "text": "For the record, the --remove/-r flag was added in 10.10. Source: http://askubuntu.com/a/18202/41756", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "41756" }, { "creationDate": "2014-04-30T21:56:32.517", "id": "603480", "postId": "173199", "score": "6", "text": "As stated above; I'm running 13.10 and I get `add-apt-repository: error: no such option: --remove`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "171245" }, { "creationDate": "2014-05-15T19:46:51.097", "id": "616692", "postId": "173199", "score": "0", "text": "I get `add-apt-repository: error: no such option: --remove`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "185480" }, { "creationDate": "2015-10-06T04:39:43.327", "id": "991051", "postId": "173199", "score": "0", "text": "Why this is not the chosen answer? this worked like a charm for me.. the chosen answer gave me a lot of options that I did not ask for, felt like reading Microsoft Support Page.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "378455" }, { "creationDate": "2015-10-11T22:18:04.037", "id": "995669", "postId": "173199", "score": "1", "text": "@ClainDsilva It's because you would be stuck on a locally installed version of any packages you may have installed from the PPA. You should always use ppa-purge.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "266012" }, { "creationDate": "2015-10-12T23:29:17.393", "id": "996499", "postId": "173199", "score": "0", "text": "@ClainDsilva: Didn't work for me. At least the chosen answer mentions `ppa-purge`, which is what I ended up needing to use. This actually makes it more reliable than a Microsoft support page, because those often don't actually include the correct answer.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "135088" }, { "creationDate": "2015-10-13T03:32:19.773", "id": "996565", "postId": "173199", "score": "0", "text": "@MichaelScheper That was exactly my point, they don't actually include the correct answer", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "378455" }, { "creationDate": "2018-04-08T17:27:20.190", "id": "1661718", "postId": "173199", "score": "0", "text": "I think @user76204's answer should be used in conjunction with this one. This is because apt-add-repository --remove ppa:kernel-ppa/ppa doesn't actually get rid of the individual .list files and keyrings that are in /etc/apt/sources.list.d and /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "787506" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2012-08-07T23:09:02.230", "id": "173199", "lastActivityDate": "2021-05-28T10:17:06.690", "lastEditDate": "2021-05-28T10:17:06.690", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "618353", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "58612", "parentId": "307", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "318" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Run Ubuntu Software Center and from the menu choose \"Software Sources\" - there you can add/edit/remove repositories.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-08-07T23:10:22.517", "id": "173200", "lastActivityDate": "2012-08-07T23:10:22.517", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "79463", "parentId": "307", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "20" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Alternately, as <code>ppas</code> are stored in <code>/etc/apt/sources.list.d</code> you can find the one you want to remove by entering:\n\n<pre><code>ls /etc/apt/sources.list.d\n</code></pre>\n\nThen when you have noted the name of that offending ppa (e.g. <code>myppa.list</code>), you can enter:\n\n<pre><code>sudo rm -i /etc/apt/sources.list.d/myppa.list\n</code></pre>\n\nTake care with rm (hence why I have used the interactive switch so you can confirm your actions. Then run <code>sudo apt-get update</code> afterwards.\n\nThis method merely removes the ppa <code>.list</code> file; it does not remove any other files or sort out any other problems caused by the <code>ppa</code>; for that you could use <code>ppa-purge</code> after you have got your update ability back (I know you mentioned this in your question, but I am adding this point for future readers): see <a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/76932/i-think-a-ppa-update-broke-my-system-what-can-i-do?rq=1\">here</a> for more information on <code>ppa-purge</code>.\n\nAlso take into account that if you previously added the key of the repo as trusted <a href=\"https://askubuntu.com/a/107189\">you should remove it</a>:\n\n<pre><code># list the trusted keys\nsudo apt-key list\n# remove the key\nsudo apt-key del KEY_ID\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "6", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2015-06-12T13:11:49.603", "id": "907022", "postId": "173209", "score": "0", "text": "I delete full content of /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ folder and still have 4 bad entries :/ why started to fail that now...", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "186095" }, { "creationDate": "2018-07-09T11:01:10.823", "id": "1721949", "postId": "173209", "score": "2", "text": "Note that when listing keys, they will have lines like `pub 2048R/5044912E 2010-02-11`. In this case, to delete this key, the `KEY_ID` is `5044912E`. See https://askubuntu.com/a/107189/108037. I mention this because `apt-key del` silently failed with `OK` when passed `2048R/5044912E` as the key ID.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "108037" }, { "creationDate": "2020-01-29T05:41:36.587", "id": "2024655", "postId": "173209", "score": "3", "text": "On Ubuntu 16 and above, when removing the key, the KEY_ID is the *last 8 characters* of the second line of the `pub`. for example you see `EB4C 1BFD 4F04 2F6D DDCC EC91 7721 F63B D38B 4796`, in this case KEY_ID is `D38B4796` so you do: `sudo apt-key del D38B4796`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "635348" }, { "creationDate": "2020-02-03T09:18:51.450", "id": "2027153", "postId": "173209", "score": "0", "text": "still googling this answer, 6 years later https://askubuntu.com/questions/307/how-can-ppas-be-removed#comment584640_173209", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "104223" }, { "creationDate": "2020-06-23T15:27:44.857", "id": "2116185", "postId": "173209", "score": "0", "text": "This worked for me when `add-apt-repository --remove` didn't do anything.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "268299" }, { "creationDate": "2022-12-19T14:13:41.200", "id": "2524265", "postId": "173209", "score": "0", "text": "my added problematic ppas not listed in /etc/apt/sources.list.d", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "819557" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-08-07T23:42:45.833", "id": "173209", "lastActivityDate": "2016-01-29T18:19:59.273", "lastEditDate": "2017-04-13T12:24:11.537", "lastEditorDisplayName": "user76204", "lastEditorUserId": "-1", "ownerDisplayName": "user76204", "ownerUserId": null, "parentId": "307", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "252" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Run these commands:\n\n<pre><code>sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:kernel-ppa/ppa \nsudo apt-get update\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2014-04-30T22:01:34.840", "id": "603482", "postId": "173228", "score": "0", "text": "As stated above; I'm running 13.10 and I get `add-apt-repository: error: no such option: --remove`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "171245" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-08-08T01:27:58.437", "id": "173228", "lastActivityDate": "2012-12-24T21:30:28.540", "lastEditDate": "2012-12-24T21:30:28.540", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "48364", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "81996", "parentId": "307", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "14" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<a href=\"https://launchpad.net/ppa-purge/\"><code>ppa-purge</code></a> is your friend. It automatically uninstalls whatever you installed via the ppa and then removes the ppa.\n\nInstall ppa-purge via:\n\n<code>sudo apt-get install ppa-purge</code>\n\nand the use it like this:\n\n<code>sudo ppa-purge ppa-url</code>\n\nViola.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2012-08-14T12:00:21.643", "id": "216893", "postId": "175564", "score": "2", "text": "The OP did already try ppa-purge.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "25798" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2012-08-14T03:35:30.663", "id": "175564", "lastActivityDate": "2012-08-14T03:35:30.663", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5326", "parentId": "307", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "27" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Most simple way to delete all of your PPA'a is this:\n\n<pre><code>cd /etc/apt/sources.list.d && sudo rm -i *list*\n</code></pre>\n\nIt will first take you to the directory which contains <code>sources.list.d</code> and then rm (remove) basically all files with word list in their name.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2015-02-15T00:32:21.100", "id": "585607", "lastActivityDate": "2017-09-24T07:49:04.470", "lastEditDate": "2017-09-24T07:49:04.470", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "313328", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "313328", "parentId": "307", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "You can use <a href=\"https://launchpad.net/y-ppa-manager\" rel=\"noreferrer\">y-ppa-manager</a>\n\nInstallation :\n\n<pre><code>sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/y-ppa-manager\nsudo apt-get update\nsudo apt-get install y-ppa-manager\n</code></pre>\n\nUse :\n\nOpen Y PPA Manager and select <code>Manage PPAs</code>\n\n<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/lSU0b.jpg\" rel=\"noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/lSU0b.jpg\" alt=\"enter image description here\"></a>\n\nSelect the PPA you want to remove and click the <code>Remove</code> button\n\n<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/9x9pO.jpg\" rel=\"noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/9x9pO.jpg\" alt=\"enter image description here\"></a>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2015-10-11T20:37:00.210", "id": "684300", "lastActivityDate": "2015-10-11T20:37:00.210", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "458410", "parentId": "307", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "8" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "In Linux Mint <a href=\"https://github.com/linuxmint/mintsources/issues/15\" rel=\"noreferrer\">there is no <code>--remove</code> or <code>-r</code> switch</a>\non <code>add-apt-repository</code>. If you want to remove a repository, you'll have to do it manually. It's not hard:\n\n<ol>\n<li>List all installed repositories.\n\n<pre><code>ls /etc/apt/sources.list.d\n</code></pre>\n\nThis lists, for example:\n\n<pre><code>getdeb.list natecarlson-maven3-trusty.list official-package-repositories.list\n</code></pre></li>\n<li>Find the name of the repository you want to remove. \nIn my case I want to remove <code>natecarlson-maven3-trusty.list</code>.</li>\n<li>Remove the repository.\n\n<pre><code>sudo rm -i /etc/apt/sources.list.d/natecarlson-maven3-trusty.list\n</code></pre></li>\n<li>List all the GPG keys.\n\n<pre><code>apt-key list\n</code></pre>\n\nThis lists, for example:\n\n<pre><code>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg\n--------------------\npub 1024D/437D05B5 2004-09-12\nuid Ubuntu Archive Automatic Signing Key <ftpmaster@ubuntu.com>\nsub 2048g/79164387 2004-09-12\n\npub 1024D/FBB75451 2004-12-30\nuid Ubuntu CD Image Automatic Signing Key <cdimage@ubuntu.com>\n\npub 4096R/46D7E7CF 2009-05-15\nuid GetDeb Archive Automatic Signing Key <archive@getdeb.net>\n\npub 1024R/3DD9F856 2011-04-15\nuid Launchpad PPA for Nate Carlson\n</code></pre></li>\n<li>Find the key ID for the key you want to remove. The key ID is the part after the <code>/</code>. \nIn my case I want to remove the Nate Carlson key, so the ID is <code>3DD9F856</code>.</li>\n<li>Remove the key.\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-key del 3DD9F856\n</code></pre></li>\n<li>Update the package lists.\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get update\n</code></pre></li>\n</ol>\n\nDone!\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2017-02-15T20:08:59.137", "id": "1378752", "postId": "704287", "score": "0", "text": "Mint users can also use the built-in [Software Sources](https://www.linux.com/sites/lcom/files/joomla/images/stories/41373/linux-mint-ppa.jpg) tool, which was the most convenient solution in my case.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "109949" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2015-11-30T15:30:24.647", "id": "704287", "lastActivityDate": "2015-11-30T15:30:24.647", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "247990", "parentId": "307", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "7" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Using <code>add-apt-repository</code>\nNote: This solution does not remove/downgrade packages associated with the repository.\nThe <code>add-apt-repository</code> command has an option to remove a repository, which is specified with <code>-r</code>. You just need to know the PPA you want to send on its way. Use the command below:\n<pre><code>sudo add-apt-repository -r ppa:REPOSITORY/HERE\n</code></pre>\n... changing "PPA/HERE" to the PPA you are removing.\nSource: <a href=\"http://www.webupd8.org/2012/02/how-to-use-launchpad-ppa-add-remove.html\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">HOW TO USE A LAUNCHPAD PPA (ADD, REMOVE, PURGE, DISABLE) IN UBUNTU</a>\n<hr />\nUsing <code>ppa-purge</code>\nNote: This solution will purge PPA, & downgrade all packages from it.\nTo install use:\n<pre><code>sudo apt install ppa-purge\n</code></pre>\nTo use <code>ppa-purge</code> you'd do:\n<pre><code>sudo ppa-purge ppa:REPOSITORY/HERE\n</code></pre>\n... changing "REPOSITORY/HERE" to the repository you are removing.\nSource: <a href=\"http://www.webupd8.org/2009/12/remove-ppa-repositories-via-command.html\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">REMOVE OR PURGE PPA REPOSITORIES VIA COMMAND LINE [QUICK UBUNTU TIP]</a>\n<hr />\nUsing Software&Updates\nNote: This solution does not remove/downgrade packages associated with the repository.\nSearch "Software & Updates" (or <code>software-properties-gtk</code>) & launch it then choose tab -> "Other Software". To remove a repository, uncheck it, then click "Close", & lastly "Refresh".\n<a href=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/A7TyL.png\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.stack.imgur.com/A7TyL.png\" alt=\"enter image description here\" /></a>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2016-08-18T21:04:08.483", "id": "813957", "lastActivityDate": "2020-06-14T08:48:08.920", "lastEditDate": "2020-06-14T08:48:08.920", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "66509", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "562148", "parentId": "307", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "11" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Create this function (add it to wherever you store your functions) and then run with the appropriate ppa name:\n\n<pre><code>rmppa()\n{\n sudo -- sh -c 'rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/\"$1\".list ; apt-get update'\n}\n\nrmppa snagglepuss\n</code></pre>\n\nAdd error checking (non-existent parameter, for example) if you desire...\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2018-02-05T11:24:06.523", "id": "1003234", "lastActivityDate": "2018-02-05T11:24:06.523", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "69438", "parentId": "307", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "All these answers are fine, but to me the easiest way is still to remove them directly using rm -rf.\n\nImagine that apt update gives you the following error:\n\n<pre><code>W: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/ondrej/php5-5.6/ubuntu/dists/trusty/main/binary-amd64/Packages 403 Forbidden\n</code></pre>\n\nThen you can fix it doing something like :\n\n<pre><code>sudo rm -rf /etc/apt/sources.list.d/andrej*\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2018-04-13T02:52:51.230", "id": "1664393", "postId": "1024510", "score": "0", "text": "Almost identical to RonJohn's answer but I noticed you don't feel running `sudo apt update` afterwards is necessary?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "307523" }, { "creationDate": "2018-04-13T02:58:39.497", "id": "1664395", "postId": "1024510", "score": "1", "text": "It is yes. My example didn’t directly said it, but if your apt update fails showing the error above, then removing the source files will make it work again. So it didn’t feel necessary to specify it in this context ;) I get the confusion though. I will edit, thanks for your comment!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "706457" }, { "creationDate": "2022-10-27T08:18:47.880", "id": "2507007", "postId": "1024510", "score": "0", "text": "@glemiere some are not from launchpad, eg `Err:12 https://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu focal/mongodb-org/3.4 Release`, the rm command is still the same?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "489566" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2018-04-13T01:25:26.897", "id": "1024510", "lastActivityDate": "2018-05-29T21:36:02.830", "lastEditDate": "2018-05-29T21:36:02.830", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "706457", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "706457", "parentId": "307", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "You can go into directory <code>/etc/apt/sources.list.d</code> and delete the related entries eg.\n(note that 2 entries exist for the same entry)\n<ul>\n<li><code>sudo trash yann1ck-ubuntu-onedrive-bullseye.list</code></li>\n<li><code>sudo trash yann1ck-ubuntu-onedrive-bullseye.list.save</code></li>\n</ul>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2022-12-19T14:20:30.680", "id": "1446277", "lastActivityDate": "2022-12-19T14:20:30.680", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "819557", "parentId": "307", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "0" } ]

null

312

1

318

2010-07-29T09:18:35.330

7

604

A quick Google found <a href="http://www.howtoforge.com/how-to-upgrade-ubuntu-9.10-karmic-koala-to-10.04-lucid-lynx-desktop-and-server" rel="noreferrer">this page</a> about how to upgrade but my question is how do I make sure all configurations remain intact (Samba, Apache, SVN) and also, is it worth it to upgrade? Will 9.10 continue to have bugfixes/security updates and the like released to it via the package managers?

166

null

2021-11-03T03:16:34.427

Upgrading Ubuntu Server 9.10 to 10.04

[ "upgrade", "server" ]

2

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "As part of the package upgrade process, if you have modified a configuration file you will be asked if you wish to keep the modified file, or install the new version, and have the opportunity to view the differences.\n\nThis wiki page shows the support periods of all the Ubuntu versions - <a href=\"https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Releases\" rel=\"noreferrer\">wiki</a>\n\nStandard releases, e.g. 9.10, are supported for 18 months. LTS releases are supported for 3 years on the desktop and 5 years as server. Upgrading to 10.04 has the advantage of this being LTS.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T09:41:58.413", "id": "318", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T10:51:41.213", "lastEditDate": "2010-07-29T10:51:41.213", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "47", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "47", "parentId": "312", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "10" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "9.10 will continue to have security and regular bugfixes released until April 2011. The server version of 10.04 will have fixes released until April 2015 as it's a Long Term Release (LTS). At the moment your covered but you will have to upgrade from 9.10 after April 2011 if you wish to receive security and regular updates.\n\nI've always chosen to do clean installs when upgrading versions and saved my configuration files separately so I'm unaware if upgrading will overwrite configuration files.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T09:27:59.143", "id": "314", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T09:34:23.903", "lastEditDate": "2010-07-29T09:34:23.903", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "220", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "220", "parentId": "312", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "As part of the package upgrade process, if you have modified a configuration file you will be asked if you wish to keep the modified file, or install the new version, and have the opportunity to view the differences.\n\nThis wiki page shows the support periods of all the Ubuntu versions - <a href=\"https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Releases\" rel=\"noreferrer\">wiki</a>\n\nStandard releases, e.g. 9.10, are supported for 18 months. LTS releases are supported for 3 years on the desktop and 5 years as server. Upgrading to 10.04 has the advantage of this being LTS.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T09:41:58.413", "id": "318", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T10:51:41.213", "lastEditDate": "2010-07-29T10:51:41.213", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "47", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "47", "parentId": "312", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "10" } ]

null

315

1

3495

2010-07-29T09:28:49.860

3

1589

In an effort to keep things consistent, I've been slowly but surely replacing CentOS and *BSD servers with Ubuntu Lucid. I've come across a few that I'll have problems migrating, in particular several Trixbox CE servers that are based on CentOS. We'd like to bring everything we have under one management roof, either by using Landscape or something similar that we nail together in house. Is there something like Trixbox that will work on Ubuntu? Either Asterisk or Freeswitch, preferably pre-packaged by a vendor in .deb format? I dug through Launchpad PPA's in hopes of finding a port of either, but I did not find anything. Any suggestions?

50

null

2011-03-14T00:43:55.523

Is there something like Trixbox CE for Ubuntu Server?

[ "voip", "landscape" ]

3

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "As trixbox is open source, it should be possible to port the management interface to Ubuntu?\n\nOr <a href=\"http://www.freepbx.org/\" rel=\"nofollow\">FreePBX</a> (I think Trixbox actually uses the FreePBX admin tools).\n\nSeems like <a href=\"http://www.freepbx.org/support/documentation/installation\" rel=\"nofollow\">FreePBX installation page mentions Ubuntu</a>. (There is also more to be found on Google...)\n\n<a href=\"http://nicegear.co.nz/blog/freeswitch-and-freepbx-v3-running-on-ubuntu-on-an-alix-board/\" rel=\"nofollow\">FreePBX also works with FreeSwitch</a> on an embeded system with Ubuntu 10.04.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-09-02T19:48:48.923", "id": "3495", "lastActivityDate": "2010-09-02T19:58:22.080", "lastEditDate": "2010-09-02T19:58:22.080", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "935", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "935", "parentId": "315", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "You can try Asterisk or Sipwitch that you can find in repository. If you want GUI, you can use gastman (GUI tool for Asterisk administration and monitoring).\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T15:04:21.477", "id": "322", "postId": "354", "score": "0", "text": "I was really hoping for an intuitive GUI to help manage it, vs configuring Asterisk by hand", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "50" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T20:54:40.240", "id": "374", "postId": "354", "score": "0", "text": "You can use \"gastman\" (GUI tool for Asterisk administration and monitoring). You can find it in Lucid repository.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "143" }, { "creationDate": "2010-09-02T20:09:15.540", "id": "3525", "postId": "354", "score": "0", "text": "yevhene, can you add your gastman recommendation to your answer so it shows up there?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "235" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T12:11:12.823", "id": "354", "lastActivityDate": "2010-09-07T21:59:41.020", "lastEditDate": "2010-09-07T21:59:41.020", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "143", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "143", "parentId": "315", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "As trixbox is open source, it should be possible to port the management interface to Ubuntu?\n\nOr <a href=\"http://www.freepbx.org/\" rel=\"nofollow\">FreePBX</a> (I think Trixbox actually uses the FreePBX admin tools).\n\nSeems like <a href=\"http://www.freepbx.org/support/documentation/installation\" rel=\"nofollow\">FreePBX installation page mentions Ubuntu</a>. (There is also more to be found on Google...)\n\n<a href=\"http://nicegear.co.nz/blog/freeswitch-and-freepbx-v3-running-on-ubuntu-on-an-alix-board/\" rel=\"nofollow\">FreePBX also works with FreeSwitch</a> on an embeded system with Ubuntu 10.04.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-09-02T19:48:48.923", "id": "3495", "lastActivityDate": "2010-09-02T19:58:22.080", "lastEditDate": "2010-09-02T19:58:22.080", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "935", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "935", "parentId": "315", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Elastix is another Asterisk based PBX that works 100% on Ubuntu, have several CPUs running it and make PBX servers with Elastix on Ubuntu. Main reason is the CentOS versions will not allow updating, but the one's that work on Ubuntu do.\n\nOMR\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2011-03-14T00:43:55.523", "id": "30250", "lastActivityDate": "2011-03-14T00:43:55.523", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": "user12326", "ownerUserId": null, "parentId": "315", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" } ]

null

320

1

323

2010-07-29T09:55:43.153

6

1117

I really would like to create a package for php 5.3.3 and then make a ppa for it (I would like the php-fpm support but inside the newest release), however this question goes further than this. I would like to be hand walked through the whole process of compiling and packaging for ubuntu as I do have an intrest in the whole MOTU project but I feel a little bit out of my depth at the moment.

224

null

2010-07-29T17:31:16.067

How do i create my own php 5.3.3 package/ppa?

[ "php", "packaging", "ppa", "launchpad", "motu" ]

2

0

CC BY-SA 2.5

[]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Regarding creating your own packages, you might want to take a look at the <a href=\"https://wiki.ubuntu.com/PackagingGuide/\" rel=\"noreferrer\">PackagingGuide</a>. A good start is probably the <a href=\"https://wiki.ubuntu.com/PackagingGuide/HandsOn\" rel=\"noreferrer\">Hands-On session</a>. See also the Launchpad PPA documentation <a href=\"https://help.launchpad.net/Packaging/PPA/BuildingASourcePackage\" rel=\"noreferrer\">Building a source package</a> and <a href=\"https://help.launchpad.net/Packaging/PPA/Uploading\" rel=\"noreferrer\">Uploading a package to a PPA</a>.\n\nIn your case, the easiest/best thing to do is to base your package of the current Ubuntu PHP source package.\n\nA complete walk through might be none trivial. How about if you start experimenting some, and then ask more specific questions?\n\nIf you are interested in MOTO work you might also want to consider joining the mailing list <a href=\"https://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-motu\" rel=\"noreferrer\">ubuntu-motu</a> as well as the IRC channel #ubuntu-motu (freenode).\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T10:06:52.537", "id": "323", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T11:11:07.923", "lastEditDate": "2010-07-29T11:11:07.923", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "24", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "24", "parentId": "320", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "Regarding creating your own packages, you might want to take a look at the <a href=\"https://wiki.ubuntu.com/PackagingGuide/\" rel=\"noreferrer\">PackagingGuide</a>. A good start is probably the <a href=\"https://wiki.ubuntu.com/PackagingGuide/HandsOn\" rel=\"noreferrer\">Hands-On session</a>. See also the Launchpad PPA documentation <a href=\"https://help.launchpad.net/Packaging/PPA/BuildingASourcePackage\" rel=\"noreferrer\">Building a source package</a> and <a href=\"https://help.launchpad.net/Packaging/PPA/Uploading\" rel=\"noreferrer\">Uploading a package to a PPA</a>.\n\nIn your case, the easiest/best thing to do is to base your package of the current Ubuntu PHP source package.\n\nA complete walk through might be none trivial. How about if you start experimenting some, and then ask more specific questions?\n\nIf you are interested in MOTO work you might also want to consider joining the mailing list <a href=\"https://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-motu\" rel=\"noreferrer\">ubuntu-motu</a> as well as the IRC channel #ubuntu-motu (freenode).\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T10:06:52.537", "id": "323", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T11:11:07.923", "lastEditDate": "2010-07-29T11:11:07.923", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "24", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "24", "parentId": "320", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "There is <a href=\"http://www.dotdeb.org/\" rel=\"nofollow\">dotdeb.org</a>, which provides recent packages for the LAMP stack, including PHP.\n\nSee the <a href=\"http://www.dotdeb.org/tag/php/\" rel=\"nofollow\">list of PHP-tagged updates</a>.\n\nIt is targeted at Debian and not officially supported for Ubuntu, but works quite flawlessly on my Ubuntu boxes.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T17:31:16.067", "id": "413", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T17:31:16.067", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "169", "parentId": "320", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" } ]

null

324

1

441

2010-07-29T10:13:33.220

7

3056

I have the last version of Chrome 5.0.xx. and my Ubuntu is also of the last version 10.04. What I usually do is to open two instances of Chrome and divide the screen into two parts. In one part my son watches cartoons in Youtube and in the other part I just read some news. So, sometimes, when I close some pages of the news I have being read the video which was being played in youtube crashes and immediately stops. I need to refresh youtube page and see the video again. What is the problem? How to solve it

161

866

2010-10-23T20:21:18.863

2011-02-08T03:13:37.070

Strange behavior of flash in Google Chrome

[ "google-chrome", "youtube" ]

3

CC BY-SA 2.5

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T10:20:49.827", "id": "259", "postId": "324", "score": "3", "text": "Same problems here.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "221" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T12:25:17.770", "id": "282", "postId": "324", "score": "1", "text": "I experience the same problem. Youtube/BBC iPlayer/other flash players crash when I open a new tab for a site which also contains flash. Not always, but often.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "7" }, { "creationDate": "2010-11-25T00:27:54.013", "id": "15531", "postId": "324", "score": "0", "text": "I have the same problem and I was finally able to reproduce the crash consistently. Whenever I visit Quora.com my flash plugin crashes. I know it's weird but at least it's a good starting point for whoever is trying to fix the plugin.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2331" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "The problem is most likely caused by the flash plugin crashing. Chrome is protected through separation from crashing itself, but the effect is visible the way you described. Since Flash player is proprietary software, there is no way to directly fix the problem. Although there are numerous workarounds floating around the internet. None of these workarounds are complete fixes and only fix specific issues.\n\nMore generic solution is to utilize the HTML5 feature of chrome. Various websites allow one to enable the HTML5 features. Youtube can be HTML5 enabled here: <a href=\"http://youtube.com/html5\">http://youtube.com/html5</a>\n\nThere are also HTML5 enabling extensions for chrome that convert embedded videos to HTML5 elements where applicable and so reduce the amount of flash elements in websites.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T22:22:50.597", "id": "385", "postId": "441", "score": "1", "text": "Ya... this happens to me too. In fact, it just happened again a couple minutes ago. One of the downsides of using proprietary software :(", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T20:00:03.260", "id": "441", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T20:00:03.260", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "42", "parentId": "324", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "The problem is most likely caused by the flash plugin crashing. Chrome is protected through separation from crashing itself, but the effect is visible the way you described. Since Flash player is proprietary software, there is no way to directly fix the problem. Although there are numerous workarounds floating around the internet. None of these workarounds are complete fixes and only fix specific issues.\n\nMore generic solution is to utilize the HTML5 feature of chrome. Various websites allow one to enable the HTML5 features. Youtube can be HTML5 enabled here: <a href=\"http://youtube.com/html5\">http://youtube.com/html5</a>\n\nThere are also HTML5 enabling extensions for chrome that convert embedded videos to HTML5 elements where applicable and so reduce the amount of flash elements in websites.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T22:22:50.597", "id": "385", "postId": "441", "score": "1", "text": "Ya... this happens to me too. In fact, it just happened again a couple minutes ago. One of the downsides of using proprietary software :(", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T20:00:03.260", "id": "441", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T20:00:03.260", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "42", "parentId": "324", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Chrome (and chromium) does a lot of threading (runs multiple processes), one or two processes for rendering and javascript (maybe more if you have a lot of open windows), and other processes for window management, gapping input and so on. When the render crashes all the windows (or tabs) that this render was in charge of will crash and chrome will show the \"Aw, Snap!\" page. It can be caused by a lot of things but basically means that a render thread has crashed. It might be a flash problem and it might be some fatal error in rendering html javascript ect.\n\nFlash might also be the problem, but it might as well be that chrome doesn't yes fully support the flash plugin - If firefox doesn't crash at the same pages it's properly not a flash bug since they use the same plugin.\n\nIf you use chromium remember to report bugs ;)\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-18T06:29:36.327", "id": "2551", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-18T06:29:36.327", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "455", "parentId": "324", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I run Firefox if I plan on using flash-heavy stuff like Youtube or <a href=\"http://www.homestarrunner.com/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Homestar Runner</a>, or if flash crashes while I'm using Chrome. It's pretty much the only time I use Firefox any more, but the workaround does the job for me. I'm open to any other solutions, though.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-02-08T17:09:03.163", "id": "27659", "postId": "25225", "score": "0", "text": "That was one of reasons I left Chrome behind. Now I am very happy with Firefox.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "161" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2011-02-08T03:13:37.070", "id": "25225", "lastActivityDate": "2011-02-08T03:13:37.070", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "6252", "parentId": "324", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" } ]

null

326

1

330

2010-07-29T10:35:58.037

5

303

To be honest I didn't like how keyrings work in Ubuntu and removed them completely. Is my action safe and won't it harm any part of the system?

161

42

2010-07-29T19:50:59.113

Is it safe to remove completely keyrings from Ubuntu?

[ "security", "keyrings" ]

1

CC BY-SA 2.5

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T11:12:29.323", "id": "270", "postId": "326", "score": "0", "text": "Keyrings are one of those things which reduce the PITA. Wouldn't know why someone wouldn't like them.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "234" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Keyrings are only made to store passwords so that you don't have to always type them. It will do no harm to delete them except for the hassle of typing them all again.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T10:45:40.987", "id": "330", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T10:45:40.987", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "154", "parentId": "326", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "Keyrings are only made to store passwords so that you don't have to always type them. It will do no harm to delete them except for the hassle of typing them all again.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T10:45:40.987", "id": "330", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T10:45:40.987", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "154", "parentId": "326", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" } ]

null

327

1

366

2010-07-29T10:39:24.630

19

1076

<blockquote> This question is not deleted because it has historical significance, but it is not considered a good, on-topic question for this site, so please do not use it as evidence that you can ask similar questions here. More information: <a href="https://askubuntu.com/faq">https://askubuntu.com/faq</a> </blockquote> The title says for itself. There are a lot of interesting new features in Ubuntu. For example, after migrating into Ubuntu the most interesting feature for me was Centralized application installation via Synaptic (users do not need to search for an application, download it from somewhere, install it, and if it is pirated software to search keygens and stuffs like that). What else could be added to the list?

161

-1

2017-04-13T12:23:30.463

2016-08-22T21:02:35.253

What do windows' users like most after migrating into Ubuntu?

[ "windows", "migration" ]

20

3

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T17:56:22.543", "id": "349", "postId": "327", "score": "5", "text": "community wiki?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "10" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T23:20:56.993", "id": "388", "postId": "327", "score": "0", "text": "Probably better to discuss wiki or not to wiki on meta", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "265" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-30T15:44:44.147", "id": "445", "postId": "327", "score": "2", "text": "When asking users to contribute to a list of answers, the question should be marked community wiki. I converted this question.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "62" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Personally:\n\nIt's free.\n\nWay faster on my machine than Windows ever was.\n\nFinding, installing and most importantly uninstalling software, is so much easier.\n\nNo pesky pre-installed trial software.\n\nI don't have to worry about viruses.\n\nI know that if I had the knowhow I could do pretty much anything I wanted.\n\nAlso, it looks pretty.\n", "commentCount": "4", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T22:21:37.743", "id": "384", "postId": "366", "score": "2", "text": "+1 I couldn't have said it better if I tried.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-07T22:13:36.753", "id": "1489", "postId": "366", "score": "1", "text": "+1 Great for breathing life into a older laptop, perfect for the \"Hey I need to look that up real quick\" situation.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "360" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-30T14:08:04.523", "id": "3317", "postId": "366", "score": "0", "text": "+1 for not worrying about viruses.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1380" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-30T17:25:33.300", "id": "3324", "postId": "366", "score": "2", "text": "+1 since these are my exact reasons. Was gonna leave a response but this is exactly it.\n\nElaboration on the performance... The entire OS does not become unresponsive when trying to access a network share.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1151" } ], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-07-30T15:44:51.183", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T13:07:55.670", "id": "366", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T13:07:55.670", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "7", "parentId": "327", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "29" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "One of the first features that struck me was the short installation time when compared with Windows.\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T10:49:56.677", "id": "262", "postId": "328", "score": "0", "text": "That's also true.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "161" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T17:48:43.913", "id": "347", "postId": "328", "score": "0", "text": "And with one CD you have also a Office-Suite included. Thats absolutely great.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "257" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-14T16:19:30.433", "id": "2203", "postId": "328", "score": "0", "text": "It takes as long to install single programs in Windows as is does the entirety of Ubuntu!", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "866" } ], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-07-30T15:44:51.183", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T10:43:22.177", "id": "328", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T10:43:22.177", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "170", "parentId": "327", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Defintely playing with Compiz effects, especially the Compiz Cube.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T13:46:45.313", "id": "291", "postId": "329", "score": "0", "text": "Most of the compiz effects are not very polished in my opinion. The compiz cube looks ugly.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "119" } ], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-07-30T15:44:51.183", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T10:43:57.697", "id": "329", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T10:43:57.697", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "154", "parentId": "327", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "11" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Ubuntu doesn't require restarting it after installing new applications.\n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T13:49:43.853", "id": "292", "postId": "331", "score": "0", "text": "You rarely need to restart after installing new applications under Windows. When installing updates however....", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "119" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T15:44:02.457", "id": "328", "postId": "331", "score": "4", "text": "And it keep asking you if you want to restart now or later. You came back after lunch and the computer restarted without you knowing.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "133" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T17:54:36.337", "id": "348", "postId": "331", "score": "0", "text": "+5 Aw dang! Can't upvote five times ;)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "10" } ], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-07-30T15:44:51.183", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T10:53:34.223", "id": "331", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T12:45:58.510", "lastEditDate": "2010-07-29T12:45:58.510", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "161", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "161", "parentId": "327", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "8" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "UI, especially since 10.04. THey like its smoothness & unobtrusive fashion. Even left handed window controls are accepted.\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T11:21:35.863", "id": "275", "postId": "333", "score": "1", "text": "For me having that left-handed window control was the first positive impressions of UI in Ubuntu.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "161" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-07T15:33:28.613", "id": "1456", "postId": "333", "score": "0", "text": "I got so accustomed to left handed controls that I can't find enough themes/decorations that support them :) \nPlus, the mouse travels less.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "289" } ], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-07-30T15:44:51.183", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T10:57:07.807", "id": "333", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T10:57:07.807", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "217", "parentId": "327", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "apt-get is by far the most amazing thing I have found since I moved to ubuntu.\n\nAnd the following are a few more things which are must have:\n\n<ul>\n<li>Gnome - Do</li>\n<li>GVim (this is also available on windows btw)</li>\n<li>Banshee</li>\n</ul>\n", "commentCount": "4", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T11:20:14.210", "id": "273", "postId": "335", "score": "1", "text": "Yeah, apt-get is my favorite one.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "161" }, { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T20:43:48.880", "id": "372", "postId": "335", "score": "2", "text": "+1 Downloading and installing each individual app is something I hate", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "38" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-07T18:16:44.847", "id": "1467", "postId": "335", "score": "0", "text": "I kind of hate apt-get but love it, I love how easy it is to find apps but i dislike building from source etc whilst in windows its all packaged so its nice and easy to remove stuff (which it isn't from stuff you've made from source - or am i missing something!)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "633" }, { "creationDate": "2010-09-16T11:24:10.423", "id": "4301", "postId": "335", "score": "0", "text": "I'd have to agree with Helix too but apt-get was, by far, my favorite feature of *nix. The concept of using repositories to download free open source software with a single command was like magic.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2139" } ], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-07-30T15:44:51.183", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T11:08:20.533", "id": "335", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T11:08:20.533", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "234", "parentId": "327", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "20" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "From an user perspective I would recommend Ubuntu because of:\n\n<ul>\n<li>Support for old hardware (old printers, scanners, whatever), although old video cards can be a PITA</li>\n<li>Centralized Package Management (easier program install, upgrades, and security fixes)</li>\n<li>Faster install (much much faster than Windows)</li>\n<li>Faster startup</li>\n<li>No bloat ware, no system tray madness (this contributes a lot to startup time in Windows)</li>\n<li>More security</li>\n</ul>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-07-30T15:44:51.183", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T11:14:35.593", "id": "338", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T11:14:35.593", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "215", "parentId": "327", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "12" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "If they're coming from an several year old installation of Windows, they're excited to say goodbye to the sluggishness and have a responsive desktop.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-07-30T15:44:51.183", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T12:36:04.160", "id": "357", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T12:36:04.160", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "130", "parentId": "327", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "A few days using applications that they use in Windows: Firefox, Chrome, Thunderbird, OpenOffice, Songbird, Skype.\nThats why I advise to users before migrate into Linux, use as many as possible cross-platform applications in Windows.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-07-30T15:44:51.183", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T12:43:43.130", "id": "359", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T12:43:43.130", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "143", "parentId": "327", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "Personally:\n\nIt's free.\n\nWay faster on my machine than Windows ever was.\n\nFinding, installing and most importantly uninstalling software, is so much easier.\n\nNo pesky pre-installed trial software.\n\nI don't have to worry about viruses.\n\nI know that if I had the knowhow I could do pretty much anything I wanted.\n\nAlso, it looks pretty.\n", "commentCount": "4", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T22:21:37.743", "id": "384", "postId": "366", "score": "2", "text": "+1 I couldn't have said it better if I tried.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-07T22:13:36.753", "id": "1489", "postId": "366", "score": "1", "text": "+1 Great for breathing life into a older laptop, perfect for the \"Hey I need to look that up real quick\" situation.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "360" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-30T14:08:04.523", "id": "3317", "postId": "366", "score": "0", "text": "+1 for not worrying about viruses.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1380" }, { "creationDate": "2010-08-30T17:25:33.300", "id": "3324", "postId": "366", "score": "2", "text": "+1 since these are my exact reasons. Was gonna leave a response but this is exactly it.\n\nElaboration on the performance... The entire OS does not become unresponsive when trying to access a network share.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1151" } ], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-07-30T15:44:51.183", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T13:07:55.670", "id": "366", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T13:07:55.670", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "7", "parentId": "327", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "29" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "At work, we moved some people from Windows machines to Ubuntu. The praise that I heard most is that Ubuntu is fast. Yes, there are usually a couple of woes too.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-07-30T15:44:51.183", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T13:51:13.977", "id": "377", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T13:51:13.977", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "211", "parentId": "327", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I like the Ubuntu Software Center. Compiz. And of course how much I spent for buying Ubuntu $0.00\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-07-30T15:44:51.183", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T17:33:40.913", "id": "415", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T17:33:40.913", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "87", "parentId": "327", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "5" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "When doing a fresh install, most users are also attracted by the fact that (almost) everything works out of the box, whereas on Windows you have to spend dozens of hours trying to figure out which drivers you need, where to get them and to install them.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-07-30T15:44:51.183", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T21:42:09.263", "id": "451", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T21:42:09.263", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "44", "parentId": "327", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "9" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Personally I like the power to customize pretty much everything.\n\n<ul>\n <li> Panels (or Task bars)</li>\n <li> Choosing between Graphical Environments (KDE,GNOME)</li>\n <li> Wallpapers, Splash Screen, Login screen </li>\n <li> and many more that I'm forgetting right now</li>\n</ul>\n\n\n And the best of all is that is simple, and free.\n\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-07-30T15:44:51.183", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-30T14:26:25.347", "id": "495", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-30T14:26:25.347", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": "meteorfox", "ownerUserId": null, "parentId": "327", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I love having multiple desktops, and being able to access them with a hotkey. \n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2011-02-02T16:59:52.600", "id": "26666", "postId": "1589", "score": "0", "text": "There's a hotkey for that?!?! Ooh what is it?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "5179" }, { "creationDate": "2011-02-08T18:27:59.850", "id": "27678", "postId": "1589", "score": "0", "text": "I assign them. The mapping depends on your window manager.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "252" } ], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-08-07T14:58:19.647", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-07T14:58:19.647", "id": "1589", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-07T14:58:19.647", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "252", "parentId": "327", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "The feeling of controlling my OS, and not my OS controlling me.\n\nUpdate 6 years later: \nI've been using a Mac the last year due to work, and it's a great machine. But I'm temporarily using my old ThinkPad X201 running Linux and I'm like a happy child again. The feeling of freedom is back. I've rediscovered the Free and Open Source Software world, if only temporary.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-08-07T16:36:46.727", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-08-07T16:36:46.727", "id": "1591", "lastActivityDate": "2016-08-22T21:02:35.253", "lastEditDate": "2016-08-22T21:02:35.253", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "755", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "755", "parentId": "327", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "9" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "No more weekly checks if all installed software is up-to-date, downloading the latest updates and manually installing all the stuff. I have so much more spare time now to do other things than staring at those installation programs!\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-08-29T17:46:04.080", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-29T17:46:04.080", "id": "3288", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-29T17:46:04.080", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "277", "parentId": "327", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "As someone who uses a lot of virtual machines for the development and testing of our own bespoke software, the biggest thing for me was the lack of 'activation'. I can create a new VM, install Ubuntu and start using it. No messing around with keys and no worries about activation.\n\nIt just makes the whole develop/test/deploy cycle a bit less painful. :-)\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-08-30T12:55:36.583", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-08-30T12:55:36.583", "id": "3320", "lastActivityDate": "2010-08-30T12:55:36.583", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "424", "parentId": "327", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "6" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "In my experience it's a combination of:\n\n<ol>\n<li>Software Center -- \"You mean all this is free?\"</li>\n<li>The fact that it isn't infected with malware. Many users are migrated when they come to me for help after catching some nasty virus and malware that requires a whole reinstall</li>\n<li>The community. People actually feel like it's easier to get help with Ubuntu than Windows.</li>\n</ol>\n\nIn many cases their old applications work fine using Wine, so they often have little to complain about.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": "2010-09-30T09:14:51.987", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-09-30T09:14:51.987", "id": "4956", "lastActivityDate": "2010-09-30T09:14:51.987", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "2558", "parentId": "327", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "A few things off the top of my head:\n\n<ol>\n<li>After running XP & Windows 7, my six year old Sempron box is suddenly a fast system again.</li>\n<li>I love having Unix command line tools available. In Windows, I was always mucking about with GnuWin32 or Cygwin. But they never seemed to really fit in.</li>\n<li>\"Hmmm, I think I want to start learning Scala\". A simple apt-get and I'm off. Being able to install anything I need without having to track down the most recent download or worrying about viruses is priceless.</li>\n</ol>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": "2011-01-03T23:15:30.027", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2011-01-03T23:15:30.027", "id": "19933", "lastActivityDate": "2011-01-03T23:15:30.027", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "8299", "parentId": "327", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "3" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "<ul>\n<li>A stable OS</li>\n<li>An awesome terminal / console</li>\n<li>Access to lots of great open source software</li>\n<li>An os more akin to our development servers to deploy websites</li>\n</ul>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": "2011-08-25T15:29:15.960", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2011-08-25T15:29:15.960", "id": "58634", "lastActivityDate": "2011-08-25T15:29:15.960", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "19689", "parentId": "327", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" } ]

2010-07-30T15:44:51.183

null

2011-08-25T15:59:34.600

null

339

1

350

2010-07-29T11:17:13.653

215

391830

I have no root access on this machine. I would like to know if there is a way I can download Ubuntu packages and install them as non-root? Probably in my <code>~/bin</code> or <code>~/usr/share</code> or something like that? Would that work?

154

169736

2014-06-03T22:57:43.770

2023-12-12T17:20:20.330

How can I install a package without root access?

[ "software-installation" ]

4

6

CC BY-SA 3.0

[ { "creationDate": "2014-04-03T09:50:45.750", "id": "579355", "postId": "339", "score": "2", "text": "Hopefully, they will support it soon.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "264875" }, { "creationDate": "2016-05-27T22:26:05.810", "id": "1164111", "postId": "339", "score": "7", "text": "You could use portable apps for linux: no installing , no root necessary. Find it at http://appimage.org/. Even Linus Torvalds likes it. That's odd, cause Linus never likes anything.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "534685" }, { "creationDate": "2017-03-16T15:34:45.723", "id": "1398721", "postId": "339", "score": "0", "text": "I suggest trying [fakechroot](https://github.com/dex4er/fakechroot).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "447870" }, { "creationDate": "2018-07-24T12:25:01.343", "id": "1732682", "postId": "339", "score": "0", "text": "A combination of `dpk -x` and `mv` worked for me. Or, if even `dpk` is not available, `ar` and piping/combining with `tar` worked for me on very restricted systems, see [here](https://askubuntu.com/a/1059005)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "485048" }, { "creationDate": "2019-09-25T09:57:58.800", "id": "1964497", "postId": "339", "score": "0", "text": "Related on [unix.se]: [Non-Root Package Managers](https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/5535/non-root-package-managers)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "22949" }, { "creationDate": "2022-12-06T02:15:03.163", "id": "2520273", "postId": "339", "score": "0", "text": "see https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/42567/how-to-install-program-locally-without-sudo-privileges/727461#727461", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "230288" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "Apt doesn't support it directly, but there are ways to do it:\n<h2><code>.deb</code> Approach</h2>\n<pre class=\"lang-bash prettyprint-override\"><code>apt-get download package_name # replace `package_name` with the name of the package.\n\ndpkg -x package.deb dir\n</code></pre>\nIf the <code>deb</code> isn't in the Ubuntu repositories, <code>apt-get download package_name</code> won't work, but you may be able to download it from a web site.\nThis will extract the <code>.deb</code> package to <code>dir/</code>. Then you can export the <code>PATH</code> where the binary is. As long as all dependencies of the binary are installed, it should run as normal.\n<h2><code>schroot</code> Approach</h2>\nAnother approach is to use <code>schroot</code> to create a non-root chroot. This is a somewhat <a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DebootstrapChroot\" rel=\"noreferrer\">involved process</a>, but one you should be able find community help for as many developers set up chroot environments for compiling code.\n<h2><code>apt-get source</code> Approach</h2>\nFinally, you could use the <code>apt-get source</code> command to fetch the source of the package and configure it to install locally. Usually this looks something like:\n<pre><code>apt-get source package\ncd package\n./configure --prefix=$HOME\nmake\nmake install\n</code></pre>\nThe disadvantage to this approach is that you need the development environment available for this approach to work at all, and you might find yourself compiling dozens of packages in order to resolve all the dependencies.\n<h2>Historical Approach</h2>\nIt used to be possible to install <code>package.deb</code> with <code>dpkg</code> into one's home directory.\n<pre><code>dpkg -i package.deb --force-not-root --root=$HOME\n</code></pre>\nThe disadvantage to using <code>dpkg</code> like this is that error messages are likely to be cryptic; dpkg doesn't automatically resolve dependencies or create the directory structure it expects.\n", "commentCount": "14", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2013-01-14T22:25:03.357", "id": "301109", "postId": "350", "score": "2", "text": "If you have root access but just don't want to install a particular package globally, you could use `sudo apt-get build-dep package` to install everything required to *build* a package (after getting its source with `apt-get source`).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "111511" }, { "creationDate": "2013-02-27T14:44:57.900", "id": "327258", "postId": "350", "score": "0", "text": "the instructions to create a chroot seem to require root privileges ...\nIs there a way to use chroot without needing such privileges ?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "56440" }, { "creationDate": "2014-03-19T22:45:43.483", "id": "568814", "postId": "350", "score": "0", "text": "@josinalvo, check for schroot", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "26246" }, { "creationDate": "2014-08-08T13:13:01.970", "id": "686530", "postId": "350", "score": "0", "text": "You could also build a deb package that installs somewhere beside the usual system directories, but that would be extremely eccentric. Though occasionally done, usually by corporate entities like Google.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "15729" }, { "creationDate": "2014-09-16T18:30:50.147", "id": "714589", "postId": "350", "score": "27", "text": "This answer was written back in 2010. Have there been any changes to how this is done since then?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "234374" }, { "creationDate": "2014-10-24T16:19:10.773", "id": "740787", "postId": "350", "score": "0", "text": "I just tried using method 2 (dpkg -i) and I'm getting the following error. Any ideas?\ndpkg: error: unable to access dpkg status area: No such file or directory", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "341956" }, { "creationDate": "2016-04-19T13:37:32.297", "id": "1133468", "postId": "350", "score": "44", "text": "Even with --force-not-root, I get \"dpkg: error: requested operation requires superuser privilege\"", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "340225" }, { "creationDate": "2017-06-13T17:54:35.253", "id": "1462152", "postId": "350", "score": "18", "text": "Folks, `--force-not-root --root=$HOME`, or variations thereof will not work. Debian binary packages are not designed to be installed in the home directory, period. Or, to put this another way,. \"The following example will install package.deb into your home directory.\". No, it won't.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "15729" }, { "creationDate": "2017-06-22T10:12:08.370", "id": "1467968", "postId": "350", "score": "4", "text": "Sadly this won't work. I tried `--force-not-root --root=/your/custom/path`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "95493" }, { "creationDate": "2018-07-05T15:44:12.463", "id": "1719801", "postId": "350", "score": "0", "text": "@krasnaya, there are a few files/directories you'll need to create within your intended install dir: `touch status`, `mkdir updates`, and there may be one or two more. Use the error messages that appear to guide you.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "117018" }, { "creationDate": "2020-06-03T16:48:36.107", "id": "2102391", "postId": "350", "score": "0", "text": "`dpkg -x <package.deb> <dir>` this worked for me. \nthings i learned that once you ran this command don't export <dir> but instead export path where binary files of that package are present e.g. I exported this path `/path/to/dir/usr/bin/` with this command `export PATH=\"/path/to/dir/usr/bin:$PATH\"`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1081144" }, { "creationDate": "2022-04-04T16:41:56.350", "id": "2430302", "postId": "350", "score": "1", "text": "Note that some binary packages such as bison have binaries that include hard-coded paths to files such as /usr/share/bison/m4sugar/m4sugar.m4. For such packages, a non-root working installation is impossible using dpkg -x and the only way to install non-root is by building from source.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1083283" }, { "creationDate": "2022-12-06T02:01:48.697", "id": "2520269", "postId": "350", "score": "0", "text": "how does it know where the package is after I download i.e. how does `dpkg -x package.deb dir` work?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "230288" }, { "creationDate": "2023-08-30T22:57:21.240", "id": "2598838", "postId": "350", "score": "0", "text": "@CharlieParker, `dpkg -x package.deb <dir>` just extracts the package, and the system doesn't know where it is. That's why you have to `export PATH=$PATH:<dir>`.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1394565" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T11:56:05.223", "id": "350", "lastActivityDate": "2023-12-12T17:20:20.330", "lastEditDate": "2023-12-12T17:20:20.330", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "1749671", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "115", "parentId": "339", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "186" }

[ { "accepted": null, "body": "I assume you want to install <a href=\"http://packages.ubuntu.com/lucid/editors/jedit\">jedit</a>. First you have to find the package and download it. I just take the <a href=\"http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/j/jedit/jedit_4.3.1.dfsg-0ubuntu1_all.deb\">deb file from some mirror</a> and open a console/terminal:\n\n<ol>\n<li><code>mkdir /tmp/jedit && cd /tmp/jedit</code> -- Makes a new diretory in <code>tmp</code> and changes into it.</li>\n<li><code>wget <a href=\"http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/j/jedit/jedit\">http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/j/jedit/jedit</a>_4.3.1.dfsg-0ubuntu1_all.deb</code> -- Download package</li>\n<li><code>ar x jedit_4.3.1.dfsg-0ubuntu1_all.deb</code> or, easy to type, <code>ar x *.deb</code> -- this extracts the file contents</li>\n<li><code>tar xvzf data.tar.gz</code> -- the file <code>data.tar.gz</code> has all the stuff which you need for executing the software</li>\n<li><code>usr/bin/jedit</code> opens the editor</li>\n<li>done :-)</li>\n</ol>\n\nYou can move the files to some point in your home directory and execute them from there. \n", "commentCount": "3", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-07-29T12:01:17.540", "id": "281", "postId": "342", "score": "13", "text": "Note that pre- and post-install scripts don't get run; also you'll need to resolve any dependencies or paths yourself.\n\nBut on a default install this is sufficient for a lot of desktop applications.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "115" }, { "creationDate": "2015-07-23T14:59:01.833", "id": "936342", "postId": "342", "score": "1", "text": "you can also download the package without searching for it, just do apt-get download (see other answer)", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "432499" }, { "creationDate": "2017-04-13T22:33:40.763", "id": "1419496", "postId": "342", "score": "0", "text": "i believe your link is broke.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "677110" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T11:32:12.803", "id": "342", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T11:32:12.803", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "236", "parentId": "339", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "19" }, { "accepted": true, "body": "Apt doesn't support it directly, but there are ways to do it:\n<h2><code>.deb</code> Approach</h2>\n<pre class=\"lang-bash prettyprint-override\"><code>apt-get download package_name # replace `package_name` with the name of the package.\n\ndpkg -x package.deb dir\n</code></pre>\nIf the <code>deb</code> isn't in the Ubuntu repositories, <code>apt-get download package_name</code> won't work, but you may be able to download it from a web site.\nThis will extract the <code>.deb</code> package to <code>dir/</code>. Then you can export the <code>PATH</code> where the binary is. As long as all dependencies of the binary are installed, it should run as normal.\n<h2><code>schroot</code> Approach</h2>\nAnother approach is to use <code>schroot</code> to create a non-root chroot. This is a somewhat <a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DebootstrapChroot\" rel=\"noreferrer\">involved process</a>, but one you should be able find community help for as many developers set up chroot environments for compiling code.\n<h2><code>apt-get source</code> Approach</h2>\nFinally, you could use the <code>apt-get source</code> command to fetch the source of the package and configure it to install locally. Usually this looks something like:\n<pre><code>apt-get source package\ncd package\n./configure --prefix=$HOME\nmake\nmake install\n</code></pre>\nThe disadvantage to this approach is that you need the development environment available for this approach to work at all, and you might find yourself compiling dozens of packages in order to resolve all the dependencies.\n<h2>Historical Approach</h2>\nIt used to be possible to install <code>package.deb</code> with <code>dpkg</code> into one's home directory.\n<pre><code>dpkg -i package.deb --force-not-root --root=$HOME\n</code></pre>\nThe disadvantage to using <code>dpkg</code> like this is that error messages are likely to be cryptic; dpkg doesn't automatically resolve dependencies or create the directory structure it expects.\n", "commentCount": "14", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2013-01-14T22:25:03.357", "id": "301109", "postId": "350", "score": "2", "text": "If you have root access but just don't want to install a particular package globally, you could use `sudo apt-get build-dep package` to install everything required to *build* a package (after getting its source with `apt-get source`).", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "111511" }, { "creationDate": "2013-02-27T14:44:57.900", "id": "327258", "postId": "350", "score": "0", "text": "the instructions to create a chroot seem to require root privileges ...\nIs there a way to use chroot without needing such privileges ?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "56440" }, { "creationDate": "2014-03-19T22:45:43.483", "id": "568814", "postId": "350", "score": "0", "text": "@josinalvo, check for schroot", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "26246" }, { "creationDate": "2014-08-08T13:13:01.970", "id": "686530", "postId": "350", "score": "0", "text": "You could also build a deb package that installs somewhere beside the usual system directories, but that would be extremely eccentric. Though occasionally done, usually by corporate entities like Google.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "15729" }, { "creationDate": "2014-09-16T18:30:50.147", "id": "714589", "postId": "350", "score": "27", "text": "This answer was written back in 2010. Have there been any changes to how this is done since then?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "234374" }, { "creationDate": "2014-10-24T16:19:10.773", "id": "740787", "postId": "350", "score": "0", "text": "I just tried using method 2 (dpkg -i) and I'm getting the following error. Any ideas?\ndpkg: error: unable to access dpkg status area: No such file or directory", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "341956" }, { "creationDate": "2016-04-19T13:37:32.297", "id": "1133468", "postId": "350", "score": "44", "text": "Even with --force-not-root, I get \"dpkg: error: requested operation requires superuser privilege\"", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "340225" }, { "creationDate": "2017-06-13T17:54:35.253", "id": "1462152", "postId": "350", "score": "18", "text": "Folks, `--force-not-root --root=$HOME`, or variations thereof will not work. Debian binary packages are not designed to be installed in the home directory, period. Or, to put this another way,. \"The following example will install package.deb into your home directory.\". No, it won't.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "15729" }, { "creationDate": "2017-06-22T10:12:08.370", "id": "1467968", "postId": "350", "score": "4", "text": "Sadly this won't work. I tried `--force-not-root --root=/your/custom/path`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "95493" }, { "creationDate": "2018-07-05T15:44:12.463", "id": "1719801", "postId": "350", "score": "0", "text": "@krasnaya, there are a few files/directories you'll need to create within your intended install dir: `touch status`, `mkdir updates`, and there may be one or two more. Use the error messages that appear to guide you.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "117018" }, { "creationDate": "2020-06-03T16:48:36.107", "id": "2102391", "postId": "350", "score": "0", "text": "`dpkg -x <package.deb> <dir>` this worked for me. \nthings i learned that once you ran this command don't export <dir> but instead export path where binary files of that package are present e.g. I exported this path `/path/to/dir/usr/bin/` with this command `export PATH=\"/path/to/dir/usr/bin:$PATH\"`", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1081144" }, { "creationDate": "2022-04-04T16:41:56.350", "id": "2430302", "postId": "350", "score": "1", "text": "Note that some binary packages such as bison have binaries that include hard-coded paths to files such as /usr/share/bison/m4sugar/m4sugar.m4. For such packages, a non-root working installation is impossible using dpkg -x and the only way to install non-root is by building from source.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1083283" }, { "creationDate": "2022-12-06T02:01:48.697", "id": "2520269", "postId": "350", "score": "0", "text": "how does it know where the package is after I download i.e. how does `dpkg -x package.deb dir` work?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "230288" }, { "creationDate": "2023-08-30T22:57:21.240", "id": "2598838", "postId": "350", "score": "0", "text": "@CharlieParker, `dpkg -x package.deb <dir>` just extracts the package, and the system doesn't know where it is. That's why you have to `export PATH=$PATH:<dir>`.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "1394565" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T11:56:05.223", "id": "350", "lastActivityDate": "2023-12-12T17:20:20.330", "lastEditDate": "2023-12-12T17:20:20.330", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "1749671", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "115", "parentId": "339", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "186" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I wrote a program called <a href=\"https://github.com/fsquillace/junest\" rel=\"noreferrer\">JuNest</a> which basically allows to have a really tiny Linux distribution (containing just the package manager) inside your $HOME/.junest directory.\nIt allows you to have your custom system inside the home directory accessible via proot and, therefore, you can install any packages without root privileges. It will run properly under all the major Linux distributions, the only limitation is that JuNest can run on Linux kernel with minimum recommended version 2.6.32.\nFor instance, after installing JuNest, to install jedit:\n<pre><code>$>junest -f\n(junest)$> pacman -S jedit\n(junest)> jedit\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "5", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2014-11-02T21:27:41.273", "id": "746403", "postId": "544783", "score": "0", "text": "This will run just fine on Ubuntu right?", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "44179" }, { "creationDate": "2014-11-04T00:47:35.483", "id": "747135", "postId": "544783", "score": "0", "text": "Yes, if the linux kernel version of ubuntu is greater or equal to 2.6.32 it will work.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "344923" }, { "creationDate": "2015-05-06T21:42:25.067", "id": "876737", "postId": "544783", "score": "3", "text": "At first I thought you were talking about [this](http://www.ubuntu.com/cloud/tools/juju). The second capitalized j makes the difference.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "46670" }, { "creationDate": "2016-02-20T10:24:54.197", "id": "1094559", "postId": "544783", "score": "1", "text": "The question was if we could install Ubuntu package. With junest, we will only be able install ArchLinux package and NOT an Ubuntu package. For e.g. if the same package is not available for ArchLinux, then this won't help. That said, thanks for Junest.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "227788" }, { "creationDate": "2020-06-26T10:04:09.893", "id": "2118057", "postId": "544783", "score": "0", "text": "juju is junest now, and it works because of proot", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "849293" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2014-11-02T18:17:58.020", "id": "544783", "lastActivityDate": "2020-08-18T11:11:27.027", "lastEditDate": "2020-08-18T11:11:27.027", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "582026", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "344923", "parentId": "339", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "16" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "I find the accepted answer lacks a concrete example. This is a full working example:\n<pre><code># - opam (snap, no sudo)\n# ref: https://askubuntu.com/questions/339/how-can-i-install-a-package-without-root-access\napt-get download opam\n#apt-get download opam_1.2.2-4_amd64\n#ls | less\nmkdir -p ~/.local\ndpkg -x opam_1.2.2-4_amd64.deb ~/.local/bin\nexport PATH="$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH"\necho 'export PATH="$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bashrc.user\n\ntr ':' '\\n' <<< "$PATH"\n\nopam --version\n</code></pre>\nin particular you need to be careful because apt-get download might now give you the .deb fine with the exact name you expect.\nNote this one usually also works:\n<pre><code># - install the bin then put it in path and restart your bash\nmkdir ~/.rbenv\ncd ~/.rbenv\ngit clone https://github.com/rbenv/rbenv.git .\n\nexport PATH="$HOME/.rbenv/bin:$PATH"\necho 'export PATH="$HOME/.rbenv/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bashrc\necho 'eval "$(rbenv init -)"' >> ~/.bashrc\n# exec $SHELL\n#bash\n\nrbenv -v\n</code></pre>\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2022-12-06T20:52:33.073", "id": "2520528", "postId": "1444203", "score": "0", "text": "btw, don't install opam that way. see: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/74708063/how-does-one-install-opam-without-sudo-priveledges-on-linux-ubuntu?noredirect=1&lq=1", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "230288" } ], "communityOwnedDate": "2022-12-06T02:13:16.737", "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "creationDate": "2022-12-06T02:13:16.737", "id": "1444203", "lastActivityDate": "2022-12-06T02:13:16.737", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "230288", "parentId": "339", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" } ]

null

343

1

346

2010-07-29T11:32:18.137

19

14467

I once tested Mac OS X and something that called my atention was Automator, a software to visually create scripts to automatize tasks on the desktop. Is there any Linux alternative for this software?

231

235

2010-10-23T20:20:42.223

2019-03-07T22:53:25.180

Alternative for Mac OS X Automator?

[ "automation", "alternative", "scripts", "workflow" ]

5

1

CC BY-SA 2.5

[ { "creationDate": "2020-01-02T00:57:34.430", "id": "2011910", "postId": "343", "score": "0", "text": "There seem to be a lot of answers suggesting tools for automating inputs to GUIs, for instance as one would see in test automation. This is not what the question is asking about. Please have some understanding of the Automator software in Mac OS X when answering. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_macOS_components#Automator", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "10960" } ]

{ "accepted": true, "body": "There is Gnu Xnee, which enables you to record and replay actions on the desktop. You can install it from the software center.\n\n\"GNU Xnee is a suite of programs that can record, replay and\ndistribute user actions under the X11 environment. Think of it as a\nrobot that can imitate the job you just did.\"\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-08-10T14:23:50.220", "id": "1753", "postId": "346", "score": "0", "text": "Or click here: http://apt.ubuntu.com/p/xnee", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "455" }, { "creationDate": "2010-11-13T17:25:12.827", "id": "13596", "postId": "346", "score": "1", "text": "how to launch xnee, I'v installed xnee as sell as Gnee. from terminal Gnee shows error and xnee isn't a command", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2910" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T11:45:24.403", "id": "346", "lastActivityDate": "2011-02-05T15:11:46.450", "lastEditDate": "2011-02-05T15:11:46.450", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "5149", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "47", "parentId": "343", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "15" }

[ { "accepted": true, "body": "There is Gnu Xnee, which enables you to record and replay actions on the desktop. You can install it from the software center.\n\n\"GNU Xnee is a suite of programs that can record, replay and\ndistribute user actions under the X11 environment. Think of it as a\nrobot that can imitate the job you just did.\"\n", "commentCount": "2", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2010-08-10T14:23:50.220", "id": "1753", "postId": "346", "score": "0", "text": "Or click here: http://apt.ubuntu.com/p/xnee", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "455" }, { "creationDate": "2010-11-13T17:25:12.827", "id": "13596", "postId": "346", "score": "1", "text": "how to launch xnee, I'v installed xnee as sell as Gnee. from terminal Gnee shows error and xnee isn't a command", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "2910" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T11:45:24.403", "id": "346", "lastActivityDate": "2011-02-05T15:11:46.450", "lastEditDate": "2011-02-05T15:11:46.450", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "5149", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "47", "parentId": "343", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "15" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "Well, there's <code>xnee</code> and its version with a GUI <code>gnee</code>.\n\nYou can find it in the software center or install it via\n\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install gnee\n</code></pre>\n\nScreenshots and documentation are available on the <a href=\"http://www.sandklef.com/xnee/?q=node&q=gnee-screenshot\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">GNU xnee</a> page.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T11:45:28.820", "id": "347", "lastActivityDate": "2017-02-08T14:43:15.993", "lastEditDate": "2017-02-08T14:43:15.993", "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": "75060", "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "20", "parentId": "343", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "If you're feeling adventurous, you could try out <a href=\"http://groups.csail.mit.edu/uid/sikuli/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Sikuli</a>. It's a computer-vision-based, cross-platform GUI automator with a slick IDE. It wasn't developed on Linux, so the Linux documentation is a little thin; however, it's pretty intuitive, and most of the non-Linux documentation applies.\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-07-29T22:01:25.217", "id": "453", "lastActivityDate": "2010-07-29T22:01:25.217", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "108", "parentId": "343", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "4" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "As a third solution, you can take the trip to the Java world by taking a look at <a href=\"http://app.jbbres.com/index.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">Actions</a>, which closely mimics Automator look and feel.\n", "commentCount": "1", "comments": [ { "creationDate": "2012-10-28T07:12:11.960", "id": "257922", "postId": "13017", "score": "0", "text": "Well, it seems like it is not meant for Linux. Maybe it was at some point given it's Java roots.", "userDisplayName": null, "userId": "94254" } ], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 2.5", "creationDate": "2010-11-13T15:05:41.853", "id": "13017", "lastActivityDate": "2010-11-13T15:05:41.853", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "5875", "parentId": "343", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "2" }, { "accepted": null, "body": "The options mentioned above all sound okay, and I've tried gnee - but Xpresser seems to be quite reliable and easy to use, if you don't mind a bit of scripting. \n\n<a href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b-xxBBPU9kU\" rel=\"nofollow\">Youtube Video Demo</a>\n\n<a href=\"https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Xpresser\" rel=\"nofollow\">Ubuntu Wiki</a>\n", "commentCount": "0", "comments": [], "communityOwnedDate": null, "contentLicense": "CC BY-SA 3.0", "creationDate": "2013-02-05T02:06:27.987", "id": "251460", "lastActivityDate": "2013-02-05T02:06:27.987", "lastEditDate": null, "lastEditorDisplayName": null, "lastEditorUserId": null, "ownerDisplayName": null, "ownerUserId": "39783", "parentId": "343", "postTypeId": "2", "score": "1" } ]

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