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---
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license: apache-2.0
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pipeline_tag: feature-extraction
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tags:
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- chemistry
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- foundation models
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- AI4Science
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- materials
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- molecules
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- safetensors
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- pytorch
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- transformer
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- diffusers
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library_name: transformers
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---
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# Introduction to IBM's Foundation Models for Materials
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GitHub: [GitHub Link](https://github.com/IBM/materials/tree/main)
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Paper: [arXiv:2407.20267](https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.20267)
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# SMILES-based Transformer Encoder-Decoder (SMI-TED)
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This repository provides PyTorch source code associated with our publication, "A Large Encoder-Decoder Family of Foundation Models for Chemical Language".
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Paper: [Arxiv Link](https://github.com/IBM/materials/blob/main/smi-ted/paper/smi-ted_preprint.pdf)
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We provide the model weights in two formats:
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- PyTorch (`.pt`): [smi-ted-Light_40.pt](smi-ted-Light_40.pt)
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- safetensors (`.safetensors`): [model_weights.safetensors](model_weights.safetensors)
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For more information contact: eduardo.soares@ibm.com or evital@br.ibm.com.
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## Introduction
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We present a large encoder-decoder chemical foundation model, SMILES-based Transformer Encoder-Decoder (SMI-TED), pre-trained on a curated dataset of 91 million SMILES samples sourced from PubChem, equivalent to 4 billion molecular tokens. SMI-TED supports various complex tasks, including quantum property prediction, with two main variants (289M and 8X289M). Our experiments across multiple benchmark datasets demonstrate state-of-the-art performance for various tasks. For more information contact: eduardo.soares@ibm.com or evital@br.ibm.com.
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## Table of Contents
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1. [Getting Started](#getting-started)
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1. [Pretrained Models and Training Logs](#pretrained-models-and-training-logs)
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2. [Replicating Conda Environment](#replicating-conda-environment)
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2. [Pretraining](#pretraining)
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3. [Finetuning](#finetuning)
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4. [Feature Extraction](#feature-extraction)
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5. [Citations](#citations)
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## Getting Started
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**This code and environment have been tested on Nvidia V100s and Nvidia A100s**
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### Pretrained Models and Training Logs
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We provide checkpoints of the SMI-TED model pre-trained on a dataset of ~91M molecules curated from PubChem. The pre-trained model shows competitive performance on classification and regression benchmarks from MoleculeNet.
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Add the SMI-TED `pre-trained weights.pt` to the `inference/` or `finetune/` directory according to your needs. The directory structure should look like the following:
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```
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inference/
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βββ smi_ted_light
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β βββ smi_ted_light.pt
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β βββ bert_vocab_curated.txt
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β βββ load.py
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```
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and/or:
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```
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finetune/
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βββ smi_ted_light
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β βββ smi_ted_light.pt
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β βββ bert_vocab_curated.txt
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β βββ load.py
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```
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### Replicating Conda Environment
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Follow these steps to replicate our Conda environment and install the necessary libraries:
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#### Create and Activate Conda Environment
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```
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conda create --name smi-ted-env python=3.10
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conda activate smi-ted-env
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```
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#### Install Packages with Conda
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```
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conda install pytorch=2.1.0 pytorch-cuda=11.8 -c pytorch -c nvidia
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```
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#### Install Packages with Pip
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```
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pip install -r requirements.txt
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pip install pytorch-fast-transformers
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```
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## Pretraining
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For pretraining, we use two strategies: the masked language model method to train the encoder part and an encoder-decoder strategy to refine SMILES reconstruction and improve the generated latent space.
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SMI-TED is pre-trained on canonicalized and curated 91M SMILES from PubChem with the following constraints:
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- Compounds are filtered to a maximum length of 202 tokens during preprocessing.
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- A 95/5/0 split is used for encoder training, with 5% of the data for decoder pretraining.
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- A 100/0/0 split is also used to train the encoder and decoder directly, enhancing model performance.
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The pretraining code provides examples of data processing and model training on a smaller dataset, requiring 8 A100 GPUs.
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To pre-train the two variants of the SMI-TED model, run:
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```
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bash training/run_model_light_training.sh
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```
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or
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```
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bash training/run_model_large_training.sh
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```
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Use `train_model_D.py` to train only the decoder or `train_model_ED.py` to train both the encoder and decoder.
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## Finetuning
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The finetuning datasets and environment can be found in the [finetune](https://github.com/IBM/materials/tree/main/smi-ted/finetune) directory. After setting up the environment, you can run a finetuning task with:
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```
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bash finetune/smi_ted_light/esol/run_finetune_esol.sh
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```
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Finetuning training/checkpointing resources will be available in directories named `checkpoint_<measure_name>`.
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## Feature Extraction
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The example notebook [smi_ted_encoder_decoder_example.ipynb](https://github.com/IBM/materials/blob/main/smi-ted/notebooks/smi_ted_encoder_decoder_example.ipynb) contains code to load checkpoint files and use the pre-trained model for encoder and decoder tasks. It also includes examples of classification and regression tasks.
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To load smi-ted, you can simply use:
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```python
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model = load_smi_ted(
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folder='../inference/smi_ted_light',
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ckpt_filename='smi_ted_light.pt'
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)
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```
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or
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```python
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with open('model_weights.bin', 'rb') as f:
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state_dict = torch.load(f)
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model.load_state_dict(state_dict)
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)
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```
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To encode SMILES into embeddings, you can use:
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```python
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with torch.no_grad():
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encoded_embeddings = model.encode(df['SMILES'], return_torch=True)
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```
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For decoder, you can use the function, so you can return from embeddings to SMILES strings:
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```python
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with torch.no_grad():
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decoded_smiles = model.decode(encoded_embeddings)
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```
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## Citations
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```
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@misc{soares2024largeencoderdecoderfamilyfoundation,
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title={A Large Encoder-Decoder Family of Foundation Models For Chemical Language},
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author={Eduardo Soares and Victor Shirasuna and Emilio Vital Brazil and Renato Cerqueira and Dmitry Zubarev and Kristin Schmidt},
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year={2024},
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eprint={2407.20267},
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archivePrefix={arXiv},
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primaryClass={cs.LG},
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url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.20267},
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}
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```
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title: SMI-TED-demo1
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emoji: π’
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colorFrom: indigo
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colorTo: blue
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sdk: gradio
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sdk_version: 5.4.0
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app_file: app.py
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pinned: false
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license: apache-2.0
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models:
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- ibm/materials.smi-ted
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---
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Check out the configuration reference at https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/spaces-config-reference
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